Presentation on the theme "North-Eastern Crimea". Northeastern Crimea and the Arabat Spit

SOUTH - EASTERN CRIMEA

South-East Crimea- coastal mountainous region located in the southeastern part Crimean peninsula... The poetic toponym Cimmeria is testually connected with the concept of South-Eastern Crimea. Cimmeria is a legendary land stretching around Koktebel to the north, west and east for some not quite definite distance, but probably to the Old Crimea, Sudak and Feodosia, respectively. The Eastern Crimea includes the following cities and urban-type settlements: Koktebel, Novy Svet, Ordzhonikidze, Kurortnoe, Beregovoe, Morskoe, Primorsky. Each of these names is associated with numerous legends and ancient history.

Eastern Crimea is an amazing corner with majestic mountains, wild cliffs, mysterious grottoes and cozy fabulous blue bays. Here you can enjoy a bouquet of famous wines and cognacs, or champagne from the cellars of Prince Golitsyn. The visiting cards of these places are Novy Svet, Koktebel, Sudak and Feodosia and, as a contrast to them, the many kilometers of sandy beaches of the Azov Sea on the Kazantip Peninsula. The Genoese fortress, Lysaya Gora and the Golden Beach, Kara-Dag and Uzyn-Syrt, resort towns and wonderful nature - all this is the Eastern Crimea.

Eastern Crimea is literary Koktebel, where all the paintings and events are built around the House of the Poet, this is Feodosia with its Cimmerian artists and Old Crimea with the first and last house of Green. These are the Demerdzhi and Karabi passes, the rocks of the New World, the underwater world in the Kara-Dag bays or fabulous hang-gliding flights.

Three quarters of the Eastern Crimea are steppe plains with rich black earth soils. Fantasy geography teachers compare mountain range Southeastern Crimea with the back of a whale emerging from the sea or that huge fish that Sinbad the sailor mistook for an island. After lying on the surface for a long time, her back was overgrown with trees, lakes appeared on it, waterfalls rustled and even people began to settle.

The region of South-East Crimea includes many attractions, among them I would like to highlight:

- Genoese fortress, the city of Sudak. The Genoese fortress is a monument of medieval architecture of world importance, the only Genoese citadel that has survived in the Crimea. Built by the Genoese between 1371 and 1469.

- Chaliapin's grotto, p. Novyi Svet. An amazing grotto with a long history is now called Chaliapin's grotto. The name of the grotto is associated with the visit of the famous singer. He loved to visit his friend the Count, and of course, he could not ignore the grotto along with its contents.

- House-Museum of Maximilian Voloshin, smt. Koktebel. The House-Museum of Maximilian Voloshin is, perhaps, the only museum in the world that survived the wars and preserved the mystery and charm of the Silver Age in the atmosphere of the life-creation of its owner.

- Feodosia National Art Gallery named after I.K. Aivazovsky, city of Feodosia. Feodosia National Art Gallery named after I.K. Aivazovsky is one of the oldest art museums in Ukraine, a unique, world-famous museum of marine painting, the first public museum in Ukraine.

Extinct volcano Kara-Dag, smt. Koktebel. The Kara-Dag volcano is the oldest volcano in Europe with a venerable age of 140 million years. His sea ​​coast is a group of amazingly beautiful bays, many of which can only be accessed from the sea. These bays are closed by overhanging rocks up to three hundred meters high with underwater grottoes and caves. One of the most amazing creations of volcanic activity can be safely called the Golden Gate rock in the sea, through which a fairly large boat can safely pass.

Climate this resort region is temperate, characterized by the absence of sharp temperature fluctuations. Thanks to the sea breezes, the summer heat is tolerated quite easily. The swimming season starts at the end of May and lasts until the beginning of October. The southern slopes of the mountains are covered with Mediterranean vegetation, to the east, the Crimean Mountains smoothly turn into a steppe landscape. The beaches of the South-Eastern Crimea are sandy and pebbly, with the addition of small shell rock.

South-East Crimea provides ample opportunities for development different types tourism. Hiking trails in the South-East Crimea are carried out mainly parallel to the coastline and along river valleys.

Sudak offers great opportunities for cycling tourism. Sudak also has ample opportunities for active rest... These are diving, horseback riding, paragliding. The new world disposes natural resources for the development of such a type of tourism as rock climbing. In the city of Feodosia, there is a hang-gliding center, tasting excursions to the Novosvetsky Champagne Factory and the Dolphinarium are held. Various festivals are held in the city.

This area is attractive for those who prefer a relatively inexpensive and relaxing holiday. There are few luxurious health resorts, like on the South Coast, small, cozy, rather comfortable rest houses and boarding houses prevail. Housing in comparison with the South Coast is a little cheaper, the private sector prevails, and not high-rise buildings.

The local coast is very beautiful, somewhat exotic, there are many cozy bays and rocks. The beaches are mainly small-pebble, and in Feodosia and to the east - sandy.

This area has long been chosen by car tourists, therefore, almost all health resorts and the private sector are focused on vacationers with cars. In the summer season, in every city and village of the coast for autotourists, summer campsites and parking lots are equipped.

The local places, especially the promontories in the sea - Meganom, Kiik-Atlama, etc. - are very convenient for fans of various types of sailing because of the constantly blowing weak winds. And the bays of Koktebel and Novy Svet, the steep coast of Karadag, like a magnet, attract fans of diving (scuba diving).

There are fewer attractions in this area than in the mountainous southwestern Crimea (especially historical ones), but there are quite enough magnificent and unusual landscapes and natural monuments.

Unearthly, uninhabited landscapes of Yaila Karabi, mysterious Valley of Ghosts with a giant stone chaos and the Funa fortress near Mount Demerdzhi, the medieval Armenian monastery Surb-Khach near the Old Crimea, White Rock near Belogorsk, the Dzhur-dzhur waterfall, the partisan memorial near Kalan-Bair, the ruins of the "long walls" near Chigenitra and many other memorable places will always be of interest to travelers. And the breathtaking landscapes opening from almost every peak will not leave indifferent true connoisseurs of beauty.

Crimea is rich in recreational resources. His geographical position and weather created conditions for the formation of unique biological complexes. Which ones, we will consider in this article.

Natural zones of the Crimean peninsula

There are three main natural areas:

• steppe;
• areas of high-altitude zonation;
• stiff-leaved evergreen forests (Mediterranean).

Rice. 1. Detailed map natural areas Crimea

Most of the peninsula is occupied by steppes. This is a flat territory, fully developed by man. In the northeast, closer to the Sea of ​​Azov, there are semi-desert steppes and salt marshes.

The greatest wealth of the plain part of the Crimea is its fertile land. It is represented by chernozems and dark chestnut soils. Today, 70% of the steppe territory has been developed by man. There are plantations of corn, rice, wheat, sunflower and grapes.

Rice. 2. Vineyards in Crimea

Among the plants, feather grass, fescue, and perennial grasses prevail. In spring, the fields are covered with plantations of amazing flowers: tulips, irises. Animals settle in burrows. These are gophers, jerboas, ferrets, hamsters, various mice. There are many steppe birds.

Natural areas of mountain ranges

The foothills are represented by forest-steppe. The main representative of this part is an oak tree. There are also many other Mediterranean plants: maple, hawthorn, euonymus, pistachios, blackthorn.

On the northern and southern slopes of the main mountain range - broadleaf forests... The soils here are mountain forest. A special place on the tops of the mountains is given to the Crimean pine. This tree is short, but with a very wide and spreading crown.

Rice. 3. Landscape in Crimea

Yayly are covered with mountain steppes and meadows. The soils are appropriate: mountain-steppe and mountain-meadow. The flora is represented by cereal steppe plants, meadow flowers. In spring, yayls are covered with crocuses, and edelweiss are not uncommon.

Yayly is the Turkic name for pastures on mountain peaks.

The coastline of the Crimean peninsula is covered with dry juniper-oak forests and shrubs typical of the Mediterranean climate. Plants thrive on brown soils. Among the unique species there are: dertree, sumac, scumpia, cistus, walnuts, almonds.

Many species of animals of the mountainous Crimea have been completely exterminated by man. Right now in wildlife you can only find deer and roe deer, wild boar and mouflon. There are even fewer predators: marten, fox, weasel.

What have we learned?

Crimea is a rich fertile land, completely mastered by man. Wild woods in this region, there are practically none, and all the unique animals live in reserves. At the same time, there is a very rich nature here: a steppe region in the north of the peninsula, beautiful deciduous forests on the southern and northern slopes of the Mountain Range and an amazing hot Mediterranean region on the very coast of the Black Sea.

Assessment of the report

Average rating: 4.5. Total ratings received: 57.

Lesson №13 "Crimean studies" grade 7.

North - East Crimea: the largest agricultural region ". Geographical location, composition of the region, Short story settlement, development and development of the territory.

Features of nature.

Planned results:

Personal: increasing the geographical culture of students, fostering a respectful attitude towards the landscapes of the small homeland, to environment;

Metasubject: development cognitive interest, creativity in the study of individual regions of the Crimean peninsula;

Subject: the study of the peculiarities of the geographical position of the North - Eastern Crimea, the history of settlement and development of the territory, the peculiarities of nature.

Equipment: demo map "Administrative and territorial division of Crimea", atlas p. 5, notebook with a printed basis "Crimean studies: mosaic of the Crimean regions" edited by AV Suprychev for grade 7, multimedia complex with direct Internet access.

During the classes:

I ... Organizing time.

In the previous lessons, we studied "Central Crimea", "Central - Northern Crimea", so you have an idea of ​​what plan the regional Crimea is studied and what points you need to pay attention to. Today, dear students, you will help me in mastering a new topic.

II ... Learning new material.

North-East Crimea is a lowland region located in the north-eastern part of the Crimean peninsula.

Carefully study the map of the atlas "Administrative - territorial division of Crimea" and give an answer to the question: "What areas are part of the studied region, name their centers?

Nizhnegorsk region with the center - Nizhnegorsk, Sovetskiy with the center - Sovetskiy, Kirovskiy with the center - Kirovskoye. It can be added that the Nizhnegorsk region is our eastern neighbor. You need to know your neighbors!

Carefully study the map and name the major settlements of the Northeastern Crimea. These are Sadovoe, Zhelyabovka, Mikhailovka, Izobilnoe, Nizhnegorsk district, Pushkino, Nekrasovka, Chapaevo, Zavetnoe Soviet district, Golden Field, Yarkoe Pole, Privetnoe, Vladislavovka, Kirovsky district. Even in the toponyms of the listed villages, we can safely say that the territory we are studying has an agricultural direction - "Golden and Bright" fields, they talk about the development of grain farming, and "Sadovoe", "Abundant" - the growing of fruits, grapes and vegetables. Near the village of Yastrebki, Nizhnegorsk region, there is a sign of the geographical center of Crimea.

Let's analyze the geographical position of the territory together: it is washed by the Azov Sea, bordered by the strong central regions of the peninsula: Dzhankoysky, Krasnogvardeisky, Belogorsky. Not far from the region is located Big City- the port of Feodosia on the Black Sea coast, here the Salgir flows and the main railway connecting Armyansk and Kerch passes. The coast of the region in the northeast is washed by the Sivash Bay, which has a salinity of 200 ppm. The shores of the bay are extremely rugged and winding. Today all Crimeans have heard a lot about the Tavrida highway, the construction of which will begin in 2017. The transport interchange between the cities of Dzhankoy, Feodosia and Kerch will pass through Vladislavovka - Kirovsky district. For obvious reasons, the geographical position of the North-Eastern Crimea will become even better, which means that the region's economy will increase its sectoral structure of the economy.

Using additional material, we fill in the table "Features of the nature of the North - Eastern Crimea". We work with atlas maps (a creative atmosphere is established in the lesson, where work takes place in “pairs” between a teacher and a class). Plain relief prevails, because at the base is the Scythian plate. The region is poor in mineral resources. Moderate climatic zone with winter temperatures around zero degrees, summer temperatures around twenty. The most low temperature air recorded in Nizhnegorsk on January 11, 1940 - minus 36.8 degrees. Annual precipitation is 400 - 500 mm. Salgir flows through the region, dark chestnut soils and chernozems are widespread. Vegetable world It is represented on saline soils - the grass of the hair, kirmek, in untouched territories - fescue, feather grass (up to 70% of the territory is plowed up and is occupied by wheat, corn, sunflower, orchards and vineyards). In the North - East Crimea there is a unique natural object- the state botanical reserve "Prisivashsky", which is protected by virgin steppe with medicinal plants, large thickets of chamomile pharmacy - valuable, very popular and in demand medicinal plant... Agarmysh forest is over 200 years old. In 1964, it was declared a nature reserve. Beech, hornbeam, oak are the main "inhabitants" of the Old Crimean forest. The Crimean beech is protected here, rare view hornbeam - oriental hornbeam, downy oak and rock oak. Mount Agarmysh is a classic Mediterranean type karst. Water, dissolving the Upper Jurassic limestone, forms various grottoes, wells, mines, caves. Here is the Bottomless Well cave with an accumulation of methane gas and carbon dioxide at the bottom, which makes it impossible for tourists to visit, so the entrance to the cave is closed with a reinforced concrete slab. Animal world It is represented by rodents, which take an active part in sowing seeds of various plants: foxes, mice, martens. This is how the region of the North-East Crimea appears before our eyes.

The region also has many interesting objects on its territory. Mounds - "pyramids of the steppes". One of them is the Nogaychinsky kurgan near the village of Chervone, Nizhnegorsk region. In 1974, the burial place of a woman was found here, who supposedly lived at the end of the 2nd century. BC. - I century. AD with gold ornaments and products adorned with precious stones.

The city of Old Crimea is an object of cultural and historical heritage. The history of the city begins from the distant XIII century and today invites tourists to get acquainted with the ancient mosque of Khan Uzbek, built in 1314, the Surb Khach Monastery, operating in the Crimea. ancient monument Armenian architecture. For lovers of literature, you can offer more modern historical sights - the house - museum of A. Green and K. Paustovsky. In a word, we were once again convinced that "Crimea is an open-air museum!"

Demonstration of the video clip "Old Crimea Kirovsky District Crimea" duration 04.54 min. from 04.07.2015 (convenient, relevant and short video!)

Northeastern Crimea is a huge area of ​​the steppe, on which many villages and settlements are scattered, the population of which is engaged in agriculture, but we will talk about this with you in the next lesson.

III ... Summing up the lesson.

Thanks for the work in the lesson! You very subtly noticed specific traits nature of the North - Eastern Crimea, worked wonderfully with notebooks and maps of the atlas, therefore, taking into account your assessment answers, the most hardworking guys make money.

IV . Homework: pages 40-45 notebook!

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NORTH-EASTERN CRIMEA The Sivash-lowland region located in the northeastern part of the Crimean peninsula Region composition: Nizhnegorsky district Sovetsky district Kirovsky district

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Northeastern Crimea is perhaps the most unknown and least visited region of Crimea. But in this distant corner, you can find a lot of interesting and unusual things. This is the place for those who make their own way. The recommended mode of transport is a bicycle, motorcycle or ATV, an SUV or an ordinary car. GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION

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Features of the nature of northeastern Crimea

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STATE BOTANICAL RESERVE "PRISIVASHKY" It contains a protected virgin steppe with medicinal plants, including vast thickets of chamomile, a valuable and very popular medicinal plant. Lake Sivash, which framing the reserve, has no less health benefits. ...

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AGARMISH FOREST More than 200 years old. In 1964, it was declared a nature reserve. Beech, oak, hornbeam are the main species of the Old Crimean forest. Here are protected a unique Crimean beech, a rare hornbeam species - an oriental hornbeam and two varieties of oak: fluffy and rocky.

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SIVASH - the coast of the bay is extremely rugged and winding. The coastline has no clear, stable outlines and creates a picture of a complex natural labyrinth. Most of the narrow, elongated in the northeastern direction of the peninsulas are called "tyups" or "kuts", and temporarily flooded due to surging currents, land areas are called "droughts"

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Mount AGARMYSH is a classic Mediterranean type karst. Water, dissolving limestone, forms various grottoes, wells, mines, caves. There is an interesting cave called "Bottomless Well". The entrance to this cave is closed with a reinforced concrete slab. Bottomless Well - An Opened Mine. It is a sinkhole leading into a chamber with a diameter of 4 m, from the bottom of which a 38-meter shaft expanding downward begins. At the bottom there is a blocky heap, on the walls there are separate incrustations. There are many legends about this cavity, which are reflected in its names. The main feature is an increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide during the warm period to life-threatening (up to 4 vol.%). Record CO2 content - 7.62%. Descent only with an insulating gas mask. The oxygen content drops to 1416%. In winter, the concentration of carbon dioxide decreases. "

Slide 10

ARABAT ARROW - A narrow and long (113 km) spit extends from the Akmonai Isthmus in the northwest direction. It separates from the Sea of ​​Azov its shallow and very salty (up to 200 ppm) lagoon - Sivash. The Arabat Spit consists mainly of shell material, the width is from 270 meters to 8 kilometers.

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COATS OF ARTS

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NIZHNEGORSKY Nizhnegorsky (up to 1944 Seitler; Crimean cattle. Seyitler, Seyitler) is an urban-type settlement in the Sivash steppe region of the Republic of Crimea, the center of the Nizhnegorsk region. The largest and most significant enterprises of Nizhnegorsk include a plant for the production of compound feed, juices, oils, various cereals, flour and canned fruits and vegetables. The village has a bread factory and organizations that provide housing and communal services. Numerous small enterprises of Nizhnegorsk are engaged in trade and construction activities

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Sovetsky (until 1944 - Ichki, Crimean Cat. district. The largest enterprises: a bakery plant, a winery, a printing house. There are 449 enterprises on the territory of the region. Trade services for the population are carried out by consumer cooperation enterprises and business structures.

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Kirovskoe Kirovskoe (until 1945 Islam-Terek; Crimean cat. IslâmTerek, Islyam Terek) is an urban-type settlement in the east of Crimea. Center of the Kirov region of the republic. The population is about 7 thousand people. The industry of the village is represented by such enterprises: OATP "Kirovskiy repair and transport enterprise" (mechanical engineering and metalworking), printing house, OATP "Kirovskiy feed mill".

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ECONOMIC ACTIVITY OF AREAS OF NORTH-EASTERN CRIMEA The economy is based on agricultural production. last years active work is underway in the region to develop tourism and recreation. Areas on the Sivash coast are especially promising. A variety of natural landscapes (floodplains, spits, shallow waters, reed thickets), deposits of unique medicinal mud, the presence of fish ponds, a large concentration of hunting bird species - all these factors create favorable conditions for the development of recreational and tourist activities in the area (primarily fishing tourism) ... Rural ("green") tourism is developing rapidly, which is also due to favorable natural conditions... Much attention is paid to the development of folk crafts, mainly related to the processing of sheep breeding products.

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ARCHAEOLOGICAL OBJECTS OF NORTH-EASTERN CRIMEA First of all, these are the mounds - the so-called "pyramids of the steppes" One of them - the Nogaychinsky mound near the village of Chervone (Nizhnegorsk district) - in 1974 made me happy with a unique find. The burial place of a woman was discovered who supposedly lived at the end of the second century BC. - first century A.D. The woman's head was crowned with a golden diadem, her neck was adorned with a massive gold torch with the image of griffins, a golden brooch rested on her chest, bracelets were on her arms and legs, and her hands were decorated with precious stones. in the form of a dolphin

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City OLD CRIMEA - tourist "Mecca" of the Kirov region

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Old Crimea is a city in the eastern part of Crimea. Population - about 10 thousand people. The main attractions of the city are the buildings of the XIII-XIV centuries, when Kyrym was the center of the Crimean Yurt. The current mosque of Khan Uzbek has been well preserved to this day. In the eastern part of the city are the ruins of a mint, a caravanserai and the Kurshum-Jami mosque, and 5 kilometers west of the Old Crimea is the medieval Armenian monastery Surb-Khach (Holy Cross), whose revival has begun in recent years. In addition, the city houses an ethnographic museum dedicated to the culture of the Crimean Tatar people.

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MOSQUE OF KHAN UZBEK IN OLD CRIMEA Khan Uzbek, who ascended the throne of the Golden Horde in 1312, became an adherent of Islam, ordered to build a beautiful mosque and a higher Muslim theological school - madrasah in Solkhat. The construction of the mosque began in 1314. According to the Turkish traveler Evliya Chelebi, in 1512-1513 under Mengli-Girei I, the mosque was a cathedral. Now the mosque is a rectangular building of the basilica type with an entrance from the north side and a minaret built into the northeastern corner. The longitudinal axis of the building is oriented in the north-south direction, so that the faithful in the building, while praying, turned their faces to the south, towards Mecca.

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SURB-KHACH Surb-Khach - Armenian monastery. The church named after Surb-Nshan was built in 1358, during the Armenian colonization of Crimea. Later, a gavit (porch) with a bell tower was added to the temple. And in 1719 - a fraternal building with cells for monks. The monastery is more like a fortress than a humble abode. The windows are like loopholes, and from the bell tower, which looks like a watchtower, until the forest surrounded the monastery, the access road was visible.

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GREEN MUSEUM IN OLD CRIMEA The exposition of the museum consists of two small rooms. One of them has been completely preserved in its original form. Alexander Stepanovich died here. An iron bed by the window, a couch on which Nina Nikolaevna Green was on duty at the patient's bedside, a badger skin, an old alarm clock, a flower vase. In the second room - books, manuscripts, old photographs with views of the Old Crimea and Kara-Dag.

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HOUSE-MUSEUM K.G. PAUSTOVSKY Museum is located in a house with a shady old garden. The writer stayed here in the 1950s. In support of this, an original open-air exposition has been created - a wonderful garden, in which quotes from the works of Paustovsky are presented. As if the writer himself tells the visitor about his favorite corner. In four rooms, the typological interior of a provincial bourgeois house of the early twentieth century has been recreated, an exposition that tells about the life and creative path of Paustovsky is displayed.

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TOPONYMS OF NORTHEASTERN CRIMEA

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Old Crimea - a city of museums Museum complex of the cityLiterary and artHouse-museum of A.S.GrinHouse-museum of K.PaustovskyMuseum of culture and life of the TatarsMuseum of history and local history Memorable places of Old Crimea Memorial complexMedieval churchMoscow of Sultan BeibarsMosque of Uzbek and Svetik medresera-Dzhami Panteleimon Old Crimean cemetery, including - - the grave of Alexander Green - the grave of Yulia Drunina Memorable historical places North-Eastern Crimea

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Geography of Crimea

In the south of Ukraine there is one of its pearls - the Crimean Peninsula, washed by the Black and The Azov seas, as well as Lake Sivash. The peninsula is connected with the mainland by a narrow Perekop isthmus. Most of the Crimea is occupied by the North Crimean plain with cold, dry winters, insufficiently humidified cool springs and autumn, hot and dry summers, with a cultivated steppe and poor fauna. The southern part of the peninsula is occupied by mountains, consisting of three ridge-cuestas, gentle from the north and steep from the south: Outer, Inner and Glavnaya. The highest point of Crimea is Roman-Kosh, 1545.3 m. Mountain climate: moderately cold winters with little snow, cool, rainy springs and autumn, hot and dry summers, frequent winds in all seasons.

The flora of the mountains changes depending on the height and exposure of the slopes. In connection with vigorous activity Most of the representatives of the fauna survived in the area of ​​the Crimean reserve. In the extreme south of the peninsula along the Black Sea coast, a narrow strip stretches the South Coast of Crimea (SCC) with low mountains, with relatively warm, rainy winters, with warm and dry springs and autumn, with hot and dry summers. The flora of the South Coast was changed and turned into a continuous park and garden area with ornamental plants, fruit trees and vineyards. A variety of nature, a wealth of historical monuments create all conditions for recreation, excursions and tourism. In terms of recreation and tourism, the Crimean peninsula can be conditionally divided into two parts: plain and mountainous. Mountain Crimea can be divided into three tourist regions: Western (from Sevastopol to Simferopol - Alushta highway), Central (between Simferopol - Alushta highway and Grushevka - Sudak highway) and Eastern (between Grushevka - Sudak highway and Feodosia city).

Features of Western Crimea

Western Crimea, as a tourist area, is located between the railway and the highway Simferopol - Bakhchisarai - Sevastopol - in the north, the trolleybus route Simferopol - Alushta - in the east, the Black Sea coast in the west and south. There are two ridges in the district: Inner, relatively low ridge with numerous natural and historical monuments: cave towns and monasteries (Bakla, Chufut-Kale, Tepe-Kermen, Kachi-Kalion, Mangup, Eski-Kermen, Chilter-Koba, Syuyren tower and etc.), the canyons of the r. Black, Kacha, Belbek; The main ridge, or Yaila, which begins with a narrow ridge from Cape Aya and goes to Spirada, then goes the wide Ai-Petrinskaya Yaila to the lane. Endek with the highest mountain - Roca, 1346 m; further Yalta Yaila to the lane. Uch-Kosh with the highest mountain Kemal-Egerek, 1529 m; then a small Demir-Kapukskaya Yaila to the lane. Pisara-Bogaz in the northeast and lane. Nikitsky in the south with the highest mountain Demir-Kapu, 1541 m; further the narrow Gurzufsky ridge to the lane. Gurzufskoe Saddle or Gurbet-Dere-Bogaz; then there is the highest Yayla-Babugan to the lane. Kebit-Bogaz with the highest mountains of Crimea Roman-Kosh, 1545 m, Orman-Kosh, 1530 m, Zeytin-Kosh, 1537 m; then Chatyr-Dag-Yail to the Angarsk pass and the Simferopol-Alushta highway with the highest mountain Eklizi-Burun, 1527 m. The northern slopes of the Yail are covered with deciduous forest, the southern slopes are covered with pine forest. There are many mines and caves on the Ai-Petrinskaya Yaila.

River valleys in the mountainous part are narrow and form canyon-like gorges, the most famous is the Grand Canyon of Crimea in the upper reaches of the river. Belbek near Ai-Petrinskaya Yaila. The protected part is very beautiful and interesting with monuments of nature and history, but the entrance there is only with the permission of the Administration of the Reserve, located in the mountains. Alushta. All campsites in the foothill part are located on the outskirts of settlements. It is better to start the routes from the mountains. Simferopol, mountains. Bakhchisarai or from the mountains. Sevastopol, in which the KSS or KSO are located: mountains. Simferopol, st. Zoya Zhiltsovoy, 24, tel. (8-0652) 25-45-13; 25-31-58, KCC; mountains. Bakhchisaray, st. Karl Marx, 31, tel. 3-28-57, CSR; mountains. Sevastopol, st. Suvorov, 20, tel. 52-53-18, CSR.

Features of Central Crimea

Central Crimea as a tourist area is located between the trolleybus route Simferopol - Alushta in the west, the highway Grushevka - Sudak - in the east, the highway Simferopol - Grushevka - Feodosia - in the north and the Black Sea coast in the south. Here are located: Dolgorukovskaya Yaila, Demerdzhi-Yaila, Karabi-Yaila, further to the east there are narrow ridges and mountains. There are many deciduous forests in the area. All parking lots and routes are removed from settlements, but if necessary, you can go to settlements within one day from each parking lot, going north or south.

The area is famous for the monuments to the partisans of the Civil and Great Patriotic Wars. There are many natural excursion objects on the route: karst caves and mines on Yailakh (Red caves, MAN caves, Soldatskaya caves, Buzluk, etc.), rock-outcrops (Valley of Ghosts on Demerdzhi, Koktash sk, Camel, Chatal-Kaya, Baka-Tash, etc.), waterfalls: Dzhurla, Dzhur-Dzhur, Voron), Kuchuk-Karasinsky canyon and many miniature canyons in river valleys. It is better to start and end routes from the trolleybus line or from the mountains. Zander. Routes can also start from any settlement located on the Simferopol-Feodosia or Alushta-Sudak highway, where local buses run. Release on tourist routes is carried out by the Republican KSS, mountains. Simferopol, st. Zoya Zhiltsovoy, 24, tel. 25-45-13, 25-31-58; CSR: mountains. Alushta, st. Lenin, 8a, tel. 3-50-10, mountains. Sudak, Tavricheskoe shosse, 8, t. Hotel "Horizon", tel. 2-19-00.

Features of the Eastern Crimea

Eastern Crimea as a tourist area is located between the Simferopol - Grushevka - Nasypnoe - Feodosia highway in the north, the Grushevka - Sudak highway in the west, the Black Sea coast in the south and the Nasypnoe - Koktebel highway - in the east. The relief of the region consists of low mountains and ridges. The highest mountain in the region is Turalan, 748 m, located on the ridge of the same name. On the territory of the district there is an ancient volcano - the city of Karadag, declared state reserve... In the Old Crimean forests, there are many monuments to the partisans of the Great Patriotic War... The routes on the mountains Ai-Georgiy, Alchak, Perchem, Sokol, Karaul-Oba, Echki-Dag in the region of the mountains are very interesting. Zander.

The most famous sightseeing sites in the area are the Genoese Fortress and Byzantine monasteries in the mountains. Sudak, the museum and the grave of the writer A.S. Green in the mountains. Old Crimea, Armenian monastery Surb-Khach on the outskirts of the mountains. Old Crimea, museums of the artist M. Voloshin and gliding in the village of Koktebel. In the mountains. Feodosia, you can visit the art gallery of the artist I.K.Aivazovsky and the museum of the writer A.S. Green. It is more convenient to start routes from the mountains. Old Crimea, which can be reached by bus from the mountains. Simferopol or from the mountains. Feodosia. You can start routes from. Schebetovka or Koktebel village, where a suburban bus goes from the mountains. Feodosia. Release on tourist routes in Eastern Crimea is carried out by KSS mountains. Feodosia, st. Fedko, 32a, tel. 7-15-73 and mountains. Sudak, Tavricheskoe shosse, 8, tourist hotel "Horizon", tel. 2-19-00.