Presentation about the Sea of Azov. Presentation “Exploring the Sea of Azov. Location of the Sea of Azov
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"Sea of Azov" - What is the name of the strait connecting the Black and Azov seas? War 1686-1700 2. Hydrogen sulfide. Which side of the Krasnodar Territory is washed by the Azov Sea? Body length up to 4-5 m, weight up to 1 ton or more (usually much less). Who leaves the coastal part of the sea 11 -12 hours before the start of the storm. Where did the Black Sea oyster go?
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"Fauna of the Urals" - Otter and beaver are found along the river valleys. Wild horses, saigas, bustards, little bustards have disappeared. Fauna of the Urals. But on the plowed lands, rodents (hamsters, field mice). A couple of centuries ago, the animal world was richer than it is now. Herds of deer migrated deep into the tundra. Ungulates (moose, deer, roe deer, etc.) are also found in them, as well as birds of various species.
"State of the Aral Sea" - Former coastal cities have been hit by an economic crisis. Research progress. Remote exploration of the sea area. Relevance. Determination of the southern borders. Tasks. Nurzhanov. Where are the schools of silver fish? Research results. Degradation of the Aral Sea. Only adyraspan, but a lonely wind, Yes, moaning yellow sands.
"Seas and Lakes of Russia" - Large lakes - Ladoga and Onega. There are over 2 million lakes on the territory of Russia. There are more than 2 million rivers in our country. Baltic Sea Black Sea. Chukchi Sea East Siberian Sea Laptev Sea. Seas Atlantic Ocean... And the deepest lake in the world is Baikal. Seas of the Arctic Ocean.
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Dmitriev Artem pupil 5 "A" class Leader Dmitrieva Marina Gennadievna Presentation on the world around on the topic "SEA OF AZOV"
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The Sea of Azov - the origin of the name In Russia, the Sea of Azov became known in the 1st century AD, and it was called the Blue Sea. After the formation of the Tmutarakan principality, the modern Azov Sea began to be called Russian. With the fall of the principality, the sea was renamed many times (Samakush, Salakar, Mayutis, etc.). At the beginning of the XIII century. the name of the Saksin Sea was approved. The Tatar-Mongol conquerors replenished the collection of the names of Azov: Balyk-dengiz (sea of fish) and Chabak-dengiz (chabach, bream sea). The most reliable should be considered that the modern name of the sea comes from the name of the city of Azov. There are a number of hypotheses on the etymology of the word "Azov": by the name of the Polovtsian prince Azum (Azuf), who was killed during the capture of the city in 1067; by the name of the tribe of the Wasps (Assy), which in turn allegedly came from the Avestan, meaning "fast"; the name is compared with the Türkic word azan - "lower", and the Circassian uzev - "neck".
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Geographical position and the border of the Sea of Azov is located in the south of the European part of Russia, between 45 ° 17` and 47 ° 17` n. NS. and 34 ° 49` and 39 ° 18` east. It is a semi-closed inland water body connected in its southern part with the Black Sea through the shallow Kerch Strait, and belongs to the system Mediterranean Sea Atlantic Ocean.
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The main characteristics of the Sea of Azov The area of the Sea of Azov is 39 thousand km2, the volume with an average long-term level of 290 km3, and its average depth is about 7m. The greatest length of the sea from Arabat arrow to the Don delta is 360 km, and the maximum width from north to south is 180 km. Two flow into the Sea of Azov large rivers- Don and Kuban, as well as about 20 small rivers, a significant part of which flows from the northern coast. The Don, flowing in from the northeast, in the lower reaches forms a small multi-arm delta with an area of 540 km2. The mouth of the Kuban, located in the southeastern part of the Sea of \ u200b \ u200bAzov, is a vast two-arm delta with an area of 4300 km2. The average total runoff of the Don and Kuban after its regulation is 28 km3 / year.
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Water regime of the Sea of Azov The water regime of the Sea of Azov depends mainly on the inflow of fresh river water, atmospheric precipitation over the sea and the salty waters of the Black Sea entering it, on the one hand, and on the flow rate of water from the Sea of Azov for evaporation and runoff through the Kerch Strait to the Black Sea - on the other. In the Sea of Azov, salinity has been established, which is favorable for the habitation of valuable commercial fish.
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Climate and temperature regime The climate of the Sea of Azov is significantly influenced by the vast steppe areas of southern Ukraine, the Ciscaucasia and the Crimea with their rather dry climate surrounding it. In the Azov region, the average July temperatures range from +22 to + 24 °, January temperatures from 0 to + 6 °, and the average annual precipitation is 300-500 mm. The Sea of Azov is characterized by a relatively cold, but short winter, mild summers with even temperature distribution, warm compared to spring, autumn and high relative humidity air. The average annual air temperature in the Sea of Azov ranges from +9 to + 11 °. In summer, temperatures are almost the same for all areas. Maximum temperature in July +35 - + 40 °.
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Animal world Along the banks of rivers and reservoirs, on the spits of the Azov Sea, there are many waterfowl - geese, ducks, steppe waders, lapwings, red-breasted geese, mute swans, curlews, black-headed gulls, gulls, mallards. In the steppe reservoirs, a marsh turtle, a lake frog, a pond frog, some mollusks - a coil, a pond snail, a meadow, crayfish and about 30 species of fish live. Fish catch per hectare of surface in the Azov Sea is 80 kilograms, for comparison in the Black Sea - 2 kilograms, in the Mediterranean - 0.5 kilograms. The Sea of Azov is called the sea of shellfish. It is an important food source for fish. The most important representatives of molluscs are heart-shaped, sendesmia, mussel. In terms of biological productivity, the Sea of Azov ranks first in the world. The fish fauna is of particular interest. More than 70 species of various fish live directly in the Sea of Azov, including: beluga, sturgeon, stellate sturgeon, flounder, mullet, tulka, anchovy, ram, vimbets, shemaya, different kinds gobies.
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Ecology The sea is heavily polluted with wastes from the enterprises of Mariupol (especially the full-cycle metallurgical enterprise Azovstal OJSC), Taganrog and other industrial cities located along the coast. The increase in shipping has led to sea pollution and even environmental disasters. In 2007, in the Kerch Strait near the Russian port "Kavkaz" due to a strong storm on November 11, 4 ships sank - dry cargo vessels "Volnogorsk", "Nakhichevan", "Kovel", "Khadzhi Izmail" (the flag of Georgia, the ship owner and the crew are Turkish) ... 6 ships got off the anchors and ran aground, 2 tankers were damaged (Volgoneft-123 and Volgoneft-139). About 1300 tons of fuel oil and about 6800 tons of sulfur got into the sea.
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Interesting Facts about the Sea of Azov The Sea of Azov is the smallest of all the seas washing Russia. Of all the seas in the world, the Sea of Azov is the shallowest, its depth does not exceed thirteen meters at its deepest point. The Sea of Azov is the most remote sea on Earth from any ocean, that is, the most continental. In summer, coastal waters sometimes glow at night. More precisely, the algae that live there glow in abundance. In winter, the Sea of Azov is often covered with ice. Sometimes - completely. The second name of the Sea of Azov is the Sea of Shellfish.
Azov Sea -
northeastern
side pool
Black Sea, with
which it
connects the Kerch
strait (width in
4.2 kilometers).
Azov sea
refers to the seas
Atlantic Ocean.
Location of the Azov Sea
The longest sea length is 343 kilometers, the largest width231 kilometers; the length of the coastline is 1472 kilometers; square
surface - 37605 square kilometers (this area is not
includes islands and spits, occupying 107.9 square meters
kilometers.). By morphological characteristics, the Sea of Azov belongs
to flat seas and is a shallow
reservoir with low coastal slopes. The greatest depth does not exceed 14 meters, and the average depth
about 8 meters At the same time, depths of up to 5 meters occupy more than
half of the volume of the Sea of Azov. The Black Sea is larger than the Azov Sea
area almost 11 times, and in terms of volume - 1678 times. And yet Azov
the sea is not so small, it would freely accommodate two
such European states as the Netherlands and Luxembourg. The underwater relief of the Azov Sea is very simple - the bottom is almost flat.
The Sea of Azov forms several bays, of which the most
the largest are Taganrog, Temryuk and highly isolated
Sivash, which is more correct to consider the estuary. Major islands on
There is no Azov Sea. There are a number of shallows partially flooded with water and
located near the coast. Such are, for example, the Biryuchiy Islands,
Turtle and others.
Biryuchiy Island
Bathymetry of the Sea of Azov
Underwater reliefSea of Azov
relatively simple. By
moving away from the coast
depths slowly and
grow smoothly,
reaching in central
parts of the sea 14.4 meters.
Main bottom area
Sea of Azov
characterized by
depth of 5-13 meters In the relief of the bottom of the Sea of Azov
systems of underwater
hills, elongated
along the east and west
coasts, depths above
which decrease from 8-9
up to 3-5 meters. For underwater
coastal slope of the northern
coastline is characterized by wide
shallow water (20-30 kilometers)
with depths of 6-7 meters.
The seashores are mostly
flat and sandy.
Fauna
Among the Azovanadromous fish
there are the most valuable
commercial species,
such as beluga, sturgeon,
stellate sturgeon, herring, vimbets
and sewn.
Marine species
breed and
fatten up in salted
waters. Among them
the types are highlighted,
resident in
The Azov sea. It -
pilengas, kambalakalkan, glossa, tulka,
percarina, komashka
three-spined, needle fish and
all kinds of bulls
Salinity
The water contains very little salt in the northern partThe Azov Sea. For this reason, the sea is easy
freezes, and therefore, before the emergence of icebreakers, it
it was not navigable from December to mid-April.
The southern part of the sea does not freeze and remains
moderate temperature. The Azov coast is not so abundant in a variety of landscapes, in
difference from the Black Sea. But in the gentle curves of the coastline
sand spits stretching far into the sea, round green hills,
the floodplains overgrown with reeds have their own special charm.
Ecological situation in the SEA OF AZOV Prepared by the teacher of biology of the Rybinsk O III-III stages of the Volnovakha district of the Donetsk region Nekrasova Angela Viktorovna Sea of Azov: yesterday, today, tomorrow. General information Area 38 t.km2 Maximum depth 14 m. Average depth 8 m. Average water volume 320 km3 Water salinity 2-11 ‰. In summer, the water column warms up to 26-280 C, in winter the sea freezes. The first map of the Sea of Azov Large rivers flowing into the Sea of Azov The largest rivers flowing into the Sea of Azov are the Kuban and Don. The Kuban River brings 12 billion cubic meters to the Sea of Azov annually. meters of water. Atmospheric precipitation over the Azov Sea falls about 15.5 cubic meters. km annually. 66 cubic meters go through the Kerch Strait to the Black Sea. km and comes 41 cubic meters. km of water. Since the arrival of fresh water prevails over its consumption, the salinity in the Sea of Azov is low. A characteristic feature of the Sea of Azov is the presence of a large amount of ammonia. The average annual water temperature in the Sea of Azov is +12 degrees. In summer, the water temperature can reach +30 degrees. In winter, the sea is covered with ice. Runoff of the Don and Kuban rivers (cubic km) in the Sea of Azov for the period from 1930 to 1990 Rivers Don Norma eats. runoff 28.9 1930 1940 27.1 1941 1950 27.5 1951 1960 24.2 1961 1970 24.9 1971 1980 22.8 1981 1990 21.1 Kuban 13.4 13.2 12.4 12.2 11.2 9.0 8.0 Increase in sea salinity ENVIRONMENTAL DISASTERS Industrial pollution Oil pollution As a result of shipwrecks, about 6.8 thousand tons of sulfur and about 1.3 thousand tons of fuel oil got into the water. The length of the slick along the coast is 12 km. Sea of Azov 2007 Consequences of the Kerch catastrophe Consequences of the Kerch catastrophe Resources of the Sea of Azov 1. Biological resources 2. Cheap transport routes 3. Resorts and health resorts Reasons for the high productivity of the Sea of Azov 1. Shallowness of the sea 2. Good heating and illumination of the entire water column 3. Excellent mixing and water saturation with oxygen The main commercial species are sturgeons (beluga, sturgeon, stellate sturgeon), pike perch, bream, carp, ram, and herring pike perch beluga sturgeon anchovies herring flesh bream Problem of the Sea of Azov - decline in sea productivity Catch of Azov fish thousand tons years / Fish species Pike perch Bream Ram Herring 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1985 1990 38.9 24.9 17.2 12.5 4.5 0.9 1.5 1.1 16.3 13.5 13.4 2, 7 3.4 0.9 3.0 1.2 3.0 2.6 7.5 6.0 1.6 0.9 2.1 0.2 7.7 4.7 1.7 0.6 1 , 0 0.2 0.07 0.1 Sturgeon 2.1 3.2 2.3 0.8 0.6 1.0 1.3 1.0 Reasons for the decrease in the productivity of the Sea of Azov 1. Decrease in the flow of the Don and Kuban rivers as a result of the construction of reservoirs 2. Biological pollution 3. Industrial pollution 4. Agricultural pollution 5. Oil pollution 6. Increase in sea salinity THIS WAY, it can be concluded Effective environmental protection measures are required at industrial enterprises of Mariupol; improvement of beaches; cleaning of large and small rivers (flowing into our sea); it is necessary to strengthen environmental control over shipping and port activities, to reduce the volume of transportation of dangerous goods by ships, to achieve the construction and modernization of treatment facilities in ports; stopping the discharge into the sea, estuaries and rivers of untreated wastewater, separation of domestic and industrial wastewater, and water exchange, sewage sewerage and ensuring their treatment before release to the sea; fines for the discharge of untreated wastewater from industrial enterprises; in coastal regions, refusal to grow crops that require the use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides; significant expansion of protected areas and water areas to preserve the geno and ecological fund; restoration of migration routes and fish spawning grounds; tightening of legislation on the management and protection of the coastal zone, constant monitoring of the state of the marine environment of coastal areas and the sea. Seashore Come to your senses, man! Come to your senses, shudder man. Your age is short on earth. But what will we leave behind? And how will we glorify ourselves here? THANK YOU FOR THE ATTENTION!!!
The transparency and color of the water. The transparency of the waters of the Azov Sea is low. It is not the same in different regions and at different times of the year and ranges from 0.5 to 8 m. The influx of a large amount of turbid river waters, the rapid stirring of bottom silts during sea waves and the presence of significant masses of plankton in the Azov water determine its low transparency. The lowest transparency is observed in the Taganrog Bay (0.5-0.9 m, occasionally up to 2 m). The color of the water here varies from greenish-yellow to brownish-yellow. In the eastern and western regions of the sea, the transparency is much higher - on average, 1.5-2 m, but it can reach 3-4 m. In the central region of the Azov Sea, due to great depths and influence Black Sea waters transparency ranges from 1.5-2.5 to 8 m. The water here is greenish-blue. In summer, transparency increases almost everywhere, but in some areas of the sea, due to the rapid development of the smallest plant and animal organisms in the upper layers of water, it drops to zero and the water acquires a bright green color. This phenomenon is called the "blooming" of the sea.