The dissolution of the State Duma by the President of the Russian Federation is possible. Grounds and procedure for the dissolution of the State Duma. When does the President of the Russian Federation have the right to dissolve the State Duma?

The latest revision of Article 109 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation states:

1. The State Duma may be dissolved by the President Russian Federation in the cases provided for by Articles 111 and 117 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation.

2. In case of dissolution State Duma The President of the Russian Federation sets the date for the elections so that the newly elected State Duma meets no later than four months from the date of dissolution.

3. The State Duma may not be dissolved on the grounds provided for by Article 117 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, within a year after its election.

4. The State Duma cannot be dissolved from the moment it brings charges against the President of the Russian Federation until an appropriate decision is made by the Federation Council.

5. The State Duma may not be dissolved during the period of martial law or a state of emergency throughout the entire territory of the Russian Federation, as well as within six months before the end of the term of office of the President of the Russian Federation.

Commentary on Art. 109 CRF

1. The dissolution of the parliament or its lower house by the head of state is a constitutional means of resolving a government crisis caused by a conflict between the legislative and executive branches or the inability to form a government with the support of a parliamentary majority for a long time. The institution of such dissolution is characteristic feature parliamentary or mixed form of government. Only the presidential republics (USA, Mexico, Brazil, etc.) do not know this institution. The dissolution of parliament or its lower house is a balance of their right to express no confidence in the government, which entails its resignation. Through the dissolution and subsequent elections, voters are given the opportunity to resolve the conflict between the authorities: depending on which parties win the elections, it will be decided whether the former head of government (and therefore, in many respects, the rest of its composition) will remain or be replaced by a new one.

In our country, an attempt to create in 1991 a form of government close to the American one had no success. The low level of political culture of the society led to the fact that the legislative and executive powers failed to establish cooperation, turned out to be incapable of compromises, and a conflict between them almost caused in 1993. civil war... There was no constitutional way out of the impasse that had arisen. Therefore, when developing the current Constitution of the Russian Federation, it was decided to create such exits, and one of them was the institution of dissolution of the State Duma by the President of the Russian Federation. This authority of the President is written in paragraph "b" of Art. 84 of the Constitution and regulated in its Art. 111 (part 4) and 117 (parts 3 and 4) in connection with the formation of the Government of the Russian Federation and its relationship with the State Duma (see comments to these articles). From the wording of the commented part, we can conclude that in all cases specified in the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the early dissolution of the State Duma depends on the discretion of the President, but this is true only in relation to parts 3 and 4 of Art. 117 of the Constitution, while part 4 of Art. 111 unambiguously obliges the President to dissolve the State Duma if it rejects the President's proposal on the candidacy of the Prime Minister three times.

It is not clear from the Constitution from what moment the powers of the State Duma are terminated in the event of its dissolution: whether it can keep them until the start of the next State Duma, as provided for in case of the expiration of its term of office in Part 4 of Art. 99 of the Constitution (see comments to it)? The Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation in its Resolution of November 11, 1999 N 15-P in the case of the interpretation of Art. 84 (clause "b"), 99 (parts 1, 2 and 4) and 109 (part 1) of the Constitution of the Russian Federation (SZ RF. 1999. N 47. Art. 5787) indicated in clause 1 of the operative part that the dissolution of the State Duma by the President of the Russian Federation means the termination, starting from the moment of the appointment of the date of the new elections, of the exercise by the State Duma of the powers provided for by the Constitution of the Russian Federation to adopt laws, as well as its other constitutional powers, which are implemented by making decisions at meetings of the chamber. At the same time, the exercise of these powers of the State Duma by the President of the Russian Federation, the Federation Council, and other government bodies is excluded.

2. The commented part is a constitutional guarantee that in the event of the dissolution of the State Duma, the country will not remain without a legislative body for a long time. The Federation Council is not subject to dissolution, however, without the State Duma, it can only exercise the powers listed in Art. 102 of the Constitution, while the legislative function of the Federal Assembly after the dissolution of the State Duma cannot be carried out.

In order to comply with the four-month period established in the commented part, no later than which the newly elected State Duma must begin work, it is necessary that the elections be held no later than three months after the dissolution, for, according to Part 2 of Art. 99 of the Constitution, the State Duma must meet for its first meeting on the 30th day after the election. With this date in mind, the election campaign should be planned.

The Federal Law of June 12, 2002 "On Basic Guarantees of Electoral Rights and the Right to Participate in a Referendum of Citizens of the Russian Federation" (SZ RF. 2002. N 24. Art. 2253; as amended and supplemented) regulated the timing and procedure for calling elections, including early elections to the State Duma, which must be held in the event of its dissolution. From part 7-9 of Art. 10 of this Federal Law, it follows that the decision to call elections to the State Duma must be made no earlier than 110 days and no later than 90 days before voting day and must be officially published in the media no later than five days from the date of its adoption. When calling early elections, these terms, as well as the terms for carrying out other electoral actions, may be reduced, but not more than by a third. If the President of the Russian Federation does not call elections within the specified time frame, the elections are called by the Central Election Commission of the Russian Federation in the manner prescribed by federal law. This decision of hers shall be published no later than 7 days after the expiration of the established period for the official publication of the decision on the appointment of elections. And if the Central Election Commission of the Russian Federation does not appoint elections within the period established for it, or if it is absent and cannot be formed in the manner prescribed by this Federal Law, the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, upon applications from voters, electoral associations, state authorities, local authorities, the prosecutor may determine the term, no later than which the President, and in his absence, the CEC must call elections.

Accordingly, the Federal Law of May 18, 2005 "On the election of deputies of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation" (SZ RF. 2005. N 21. Art. 1919; as amended and supplemented) established in part 1 of Art. 6 that the holding of elections of deputies of the State Duma within the time limits established by the Constitution of the Russian Federation and this Federal Law is mandatory. Parts 2 and 3 of this article set out the above provisions arising from the Federal Law on the basic guarantees of electoral rights and the right to participate in a referendum of citizens of the Russian Federation, and according to its parts 4-7 during the dissolution of the State Duma in the cases and procedure provided for by the Constitution of the Russian Federation , The President simultaneously calls early elections of the deputies of the State Duma of the new convocation. In this case, voting day is the last Sunday before the day when three months expire from the date of dissolution of the State Duma. The decision to call early elections is subject to official publication in the media no later than five days from the date of its adoption. If the President, having dissolved the State Duma, does not call early elections of its deputies, these elections are called by the Central Election Commission of the Russian Federation and are held on the last Sunday before the day when three months expire from the date of dissolution of the State Duma. The CEC decision on calling early elections shall be published no later than 7 days after the expiration of the established deadline for the official publication of the decision on calling early elections.

Of course, the situation related to the non-appointment of early elections of deputies of the State Duma simultaneously with its dissolution is almost impossible, and yet it seems that if it happened, it would be more correct to consider a decree on the early dissolution of the State Duma, which does not provide for the appointment of new elections of its deputies to the statutory period, null and void. This would be better than entrusting the RF Central Election Commission with the exercise of the constitutional powers of the RF President.

3. The commented part contains the first limitation on the possibility of dissolving the State Duma. Within a year after the election of the State Duma, it cannot be dissolved if it expresses no confidence in the Government of the Russian Federation or refuses to trust it (see the commentary to parts 3 and 4 of article 117). Obviously, in these cases, the President of the Russian Federation must accept the resignation of the Government or dismiss it if it does not resign itself.

During this period, the State Duma is subject to dissolution only if it rejects the candidacies for the post of Chairman of the Government submitted by the President three times (see the commentary to Part 4 of Article 111).

4. The commented part means the second limitation of the possibility of dissolving the State Duma. Dissolution is impossible after the State Duma has passed a resolution to bring charges against the President of the Russian Federation of high treason or committing another grave crime (see the commentary to Art. 93 and paragraph "g" of Part 1 of Art. 103). The prohibition of dissolution is valid for the period until the Federation Council makes its decision on the charge or until the time provided for in Part 3 of Art. 93 of the Constitution three months. If the President is removed from office, then, naturally, he cannot dissolve the State Duma. The same applies to the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation, who, in the event of the removal of the President from office, as well as in other cases when the President is unable to fulfill his duties, replaces him (see commentary to part 3 of article 92). If the President remains in office, then after the relevant resolution of the Federation Council or the expiration of the specified in part 3 of Art. 93 of the Constitution of the three-month period, his authority to dissolve the State Duma in the prescribed cases is restored.

5. In the commented part, two more restrictions are established on the possibility of dissolving the State Duma.

The first of them is valid during martial law or a state of emergency. It is obvious that in conditions when due to extraordinary circumstances the powers of the executive branch are expanding, it is especially important that there is a serious counterbalance to it in the person of a full-fledged legislative branch. During such a period, parliament should be especially careful to ensure that martial law or a state of emergency lasts no longer than the required time and that the executive power remains within the framework of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and federal laws, including federal constitutional laws.

It should be emphasized that the President's power to dissolve the State Duma in established cases is suspended only if martial law or a state of emergency is declared throughout the Russian Federation, and not in part of it.

The powers of the State Duma may be terminated ahead of schedule due to its dissolution.

According to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the State Duma can be dissolved by the President of the Russian Federation in the cases and in the manner provided for by the Constitution of the Russian Federation.

The Constitution of the Russian Federation in Art. 111, 117 contains three grounds for dissolving the State Duma:

1) The State Duma is dissolved after a threefold rejection of the candidacies of the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation presented to it by the President of the Russian Federation;

2) The State Duma may be dissolved by the President of the Russian Federation if the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation has raised the issue of confidence in the Government of the Russian Federation before the State Duma, and she refuses to trust the Government of the Russian Federation;

3) The State Duma may be dissolved by the President of the Russian Federation, if within three months it repeatedly expresses no confidence in the Government of the Russian Federation.

In the event of the dissolution of the State Duma, the President of the Russian Federation sets the date for new elections so that the newly elected State Duma meets no later than four months after the dissolution of the previous one.

The State Duma cannot be dissolved in the following cases:

1) in connection with her expression of no confidence in the Government of the Russian Federation within a year after her election;

2) from the moment she brings charges against the President of the Russian Federation until the relevant decision is made by the Federation Council;

3) during the period of martial law or a state of emergency throughout the territory of the Russian Federation;

4) within six months before the end of the term of office of the President of the Russian Federation.

58. Legislative process in the Russian Federation: concept, stages, subjects.

Parliamentarianism: theory and practice

Legislative process in the Russian Federation

Legislative process is the process of submission to the legislative body, adoption, publication and entry into force of laws, regulated by the Constitution of the Russian Federation, laws and other regulatory legal acts.

The Constitution of the Russian Federation and the regulations of the chambers of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation provide for the following stages of the legislative process:

1. Submission of a bill is a legislative initiative.
Legislative initiative is a constitutional opportunity to submit to the State Duma draft federal laws, constitutional and simple laws, as well as draft laws on amendments and additions to existing legislation, as well as on the recognition of certain laws as invalid and invalid. The President of the Russian Federation, the Federation Council, members of the Federation Council, deputies of the State Duma, legislative (representative) bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation have the right to initiate legislation. This right also belongs to the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, the Supreme To the Arbitration Court RF on their jurisdiction. The listed state bodies, officials, members of representative bodies are called subjects of the right of legislative initiative. Certain types of bills related to state finances can be introduced only if there is an opinion of the Government of the Russian Federation; these are bills on the introduction or abolition of taxes, exemption from their payment, on the issue of government loans, on changing the financial obligations of the state and other bills providing for expenses covered by the federal budget.

Bills are submitted to the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation.

A bill prepared for submission to the chamber is sent by the subject of the right of legislative initiative to the Chairman of the State Duma. The regulations of the chamber provide for the obligatory registration of a draft law by subdivisions of its apparatus. A draft law shall be considered submitted to the State Duma from the date of its registration with the Office of Documentation Support of the Staff of the Chamber, where an electronic registration card is issued, it records information about the draft law and the timing of its receipt by the Chamber, the stages of its passage in the Chamber, etc. The State Duma sends it to the appropriate committee on the subjects of its jurisdiction to determine its compliance with the requirements of Art. 104 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. Within 14 days, the committee is obliged to consider the bill and send it to the Council of the State Duma. The Council of the House appoints the relevant committee responsible for the bill, and also decides to include this bill in the approximate program of legislative work of the Chamber for the next session or in the calendar of consideration of issues for the next month.

2. Discussion of the bill in the State Duma. As a rule, it takes place in three readings. An exception is the consideration of the draft law on the federal budget, which is held in four readings.

The first reading of the bill is an initial consideration of the bill at a gliding meeting of the lower house (its main provisions are discussed, the question of the need for adoption, the concept of a legally draft law, an assessment is made of the compliance of the main provisions of the bill with the Constitution of the Russian Federation).

In the period between the first and second readings within the prescribed period (it cannot be less than 15 days, and for a bill on subjects of joint jurisdiction - at least 30 days), subjects of the right of legislative initiative can send amendments to the State Duma, which is responsible for the bill under discussion, i.e. e. proposals to amend, supplement or exclude a particular article, its part, wording, section of the draft law considered in the first reading. The amendments are summarized by the responsible committee of the State Duma in the form of a table of amendments and then submitted for discussion by the chamber during the second reading.

The second reading of the bill presupposes a discussion at a gliding session of the chamber of amendments received from the subjects of the right of legislative initiative to the bill, and a vote on its adoption as a basis and in general. The bill, adopted in the second reading, is sent to the responsible committee for the elimination of internal contradictions with the participation of the legal department, the establishment of the correct relationship of articles and editorial revisions. At the end of such work, the responsible committee sends the bill to the council of the chamber for inclusion in the draft procedure for the chamber.

The third reading of the bill is the final discussion in the State Duma of the bill without the right to amend it and consider it as a whole. If the bill is adopted in the third reading, then it is not subject to further consideration.

3. Adoption of the law. Federal laws are adopted by the State Duma by a majority vote of the total number of its deputies; when voting on draft federal constitutional laws, at least two-thirds of the votes of the total number of Deputies of the State Duma are required.

4. Consideration and approval by the Federation Council of a federal law adopted by the State Duma. Federal laws adopted by the State Duma are submitted within 5 days to the Federation Council, which considers and puts to a vote the laws received from the State Duma. Federal laws on the federal budget, federal taxes and fees, financial, currency, credit, customs regulation, monetary issue, ratification and denunciation of international treaties of the Russian Federation, status and protection of the state border of the Russian Federation, war and peace (Article 106 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation). However, if within 14 days a federal law adopted by the State Duma has not been considered by the Federation Council, then it is also considered approved by this chamber. A federal law is considered approved by the Federation Council if more than half of the total number of members of this chamber voted for it. The law can be rejected.

5. In this case, additional stage - overcoming disagreements between the Federation Council of the Russian Federation and the State Duma in connection with the rejection of the law adopted by the State Duma.

6. Signing and promulgation of the federal law by the President of the Russian Federation. This is the final stage of the legislative process. The participation of the head of state is an integral part of the legislative process. The adopted federal law is sent to him within five days for signing and promulgation. And within 14 days from the date of receipt of the federal law, the President of the Russian Federation must make a decision and choose one of two possible options for his actions in relation to it. First, during this period, the head of state can sign the federal law and promulgate it, after which it comes into force in the prescribed manner. Secondly, the President of the Russian Federation within the same period can exercise his constitutional right of veto and reject the federal law without signing it.

59. The constitutional and legal status of a member of the Federation Council and a deputy of the State Duma: procedure for election (appointment), grounds for termination of powers; forms of activity, immunity (parliamentary immunity).

Fundamental Rights and Duties of a Member of Parliament
In the interests of increasing the efficiency of the work of parliamentarians in representative bodies of state power, creating the most favorable conditions for the exercise of their powers, the Russian legislation established the status of a member of the corresponding chamber of parliament. The status of a parliamentarian is understood as his rights and obligations enshrined in legislation, as well as the main legal and social guarantees for the implementation of the activities of parliamentarians.
Legislation defines the main forms of activity of parliamentarians:
a) participation in meetings of the Federation Council and the State Duma, respectively, in joint meetings of the chambers of the Federal Assembly;
\u003e b) participation in the work of the relevant committees and commissions of the chambers of the Federal Assembly; conciliation commissions created by the Federation Council and the State Duma;
c) participation in the fulfillment of orders of the corresponding chamber of the Federal Assembly and its bodies (committees and commissions);
d) participation in parliamentary hearings;
e) work with voters.
In addition, the forms of deputy activity of a deputy of the State Duma are:
a) participation in the work of deputy associations - factions and deputy groups in the State Duma. Such factions or groups are formed from among the deputies - representatives of political parties and electoral associations;
b) addressing a question to members of the Government of the Russian Federation at a meeting of the State Duma.
The activities of a parliamentarian can be carried out in other forms provided for by the Constitution of the Russian Federation, federal laws and regulations of the chambers of the Federal Assembly.
The legislation establishes the basic rights and obligations of a parliamentarian. The basic rights of a member of the Federation Council and a deputy of the State Duma include:
a) the right to initiate legislation. This right is exercised by members of parliament submitting to the State Duma bills and amendments to them, legislative proposals for the development and adoption of new federal laws, as well as bills on amendments and additions to existing laws or on the recognition of these laws as invalid.
b) the right of a decisive vote on all issues considered by the relevant chamber of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation. This right is ensured by the personal participation of each parliamentarian in the work of the corresponding chamber of the Russian parliament;
c) the right to participate in the work of the committees and commissions of the corresponding chamber of the Federal Assembly, of which they are members. Parliamentarians elected to the committees and commissions of the chambers have the right to personally participate in the discussion and resolution of all issues considered at the meetings of the committees and commissions;
d) the right to receive and disseminate information. Parliamentarians are provided with all documents adopted by the chambers of the Federal Assembly, as well as documents, information and reference materials officially distributed by the Presidential Administration, the Government, the Constitutional Court and other supreme judicial bodies of the country, other government bodies and public associations.
The right of a parliamentarian to disseminate information is realized by providing him with advantages when speaking on his activities in the state mass media.
Legislation considers one of the most important duties of a parliamentarian to maintain constant communication with voters.
The duty of a parliamentarian is to submit, in accordance with the established procedure, a declaration of income to the tax authorities and information on changes in his property status. Members of the Federation Council and deputies of the State Duma represent them to the corresponding chamber of the Russian parliament. Information about violations revealed as a result of an audit by tax authorities is published in the official publications of the representative bodies of state power.
2. Organizational and legal guarantees of deputy activity
The most important legal guarantee of the activity of a parliamentarian is his immunity. A member of the Federation Council and a deputy of the State Duma enjoy immunity throughout their term of office. They cannot be detained, arrested, or searched, except in cases of their arrest at the scene of a crime. They also cannot be subjected to personal search, except in cases when it is provided by federal law to ensure the safety of other people.
The issue of depriving a member of parliament of immunity is decided upon by the relevant chamber of the Federal Assembly on the proposal of the Prosecutor General of the Russian Federation.
Among the social guarantees for the activities of a parliamentarian, the legislation includes his compulsory state insurance.
The term of office of a parliamentarian is counted towards the total and continuous length of service in his former specialty. At the end of the term of office, he is given the previous job (position), and in its absence - another equivalent job (position) at the previous place of work or, with his consent, at another enterprise, institution, organization.
A member of the Federation Council and a deputy of the State Duma are reimbursed on a monthly basis for expenses related to their activities (transport, postage, payment for telephone calls, etc.) in an amount equal to five times the minimum wage.
A member of the Federation Council and a deputy of the State Duma is granted an annual paid leave of 48 working days with payment of a treatment allowance in the amount of his double monthly monetary remuneration.
For the term of office, members of the Federation Council and deputies of the State Duma are provided with living quarters in the form of a service apartment or a double room in a hotel.
The most important organizational guarantee of a parliamentarian's activities is the right to have assistants. A member of the Federation Council and a deputy of the State Duma may have up to 5 assistants for work in this chamber and for work in their constituency. Deputy assistants are hired on a permanent basis by order of the chief of staff of the respective chamber for a period not exceeding the term of office of the parliamentarian.

The powers of the State Duma may be terminated ahead of schedule due to its dissolution.

The Constitution of the Russian Federation in Art. 111, 117 contains three grounds for dissolving the State Duma:

1) The State Duma is dissolved after a threefold rejection of the candidatures of the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation submitted to it by the President of the Russian Federation;

3) The State Duma may be dissolved by the President of the Russian Federation, if within three months it repeatedly expresses no confidence in the Government of the Russian Federation.

The State Duma cannot be dissolved in the following cases:

1) in connection with her expression of no confidence in the Government of the Russian Federation within a year after her election;

2) from the moment she brings charges against the President of the Russian Federation until the relevant decision is made by the Federation Council;

3) during the period of martial law or a state of emergency throughout the territory of the Russian Federation;

4) within six months before the end of the term of office of the President of the Russian Federation.

See also:

The cases of dissolution of the State Duma are established by the Constitution of the Russian Federation.

Article 109 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation

1. The State Duma may be dissolved by the President of the Russian Federation in the cases provided for by Articles 111 and 117 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation.
2. In the event of the dissolution of the State Duma, the President of the Russian Federation shall set the date for the elections so that the newly elected State Duma will meet no later than four months after the dissolution.
3. The State Duma may not be dissolved on the grounds provided for by Article 117 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, within a year after its election.
4. The State Duma cannot be dissolved from the moment it brings charges against the President of the Russian Federation until an appropriate decision is made by the Federation Council.
5. The State Duma may not be dissolved during the period of martial law or a state of emergency throughout the entire territory of the Russian Federation, as well as within six months before the end of the term of office of the President of the Russian Federation.
Article 111
4. After a threefold rejection of the nominations for the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation by the State Duma, the President of the Russian Federation appoints the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation, dissolves the State Duma and calls new elections.
Section 117
Section 117
1. The Government of the Russian Federation may submit its resignation, which is accepted or rejected by the President of the Russian Federation.
2. The President of the Russian Federation may decide to resign the Government of the Russian Federation.
3. The State Duma may express no confidence in the Government of the Russian Federation. A resolution of no confidence in the Government of the Russian Federation is adopted by a majority vote of the total number of deputies of the State Duma. After the State Duma expresses no confidence in the Government of the Russian Federation, the President of the Russian Federation has the right to declare the resignation of the Government of the Russian Federation or disagree with the decision of the State Duma. If the State Duma within three months re-expresses no confidence in the Government of the Russian Federation, the President of the Russian Federation shall announce the resignation of the Government or dissolve the State Duma.
4. The Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation may put before the State Duma the question of confidence in the Government of the Russian Federation. If the State Duma refuses to trust, the President within seven days makes a decision on the resignation of the Government of the Russian Federation or on the dissolution of the State Duma and the appointment of new elections.
5. In the event of resignation or resignation, the Government of the Russian Federation on behalf of the President of the Russian Federation shall continue to operate until the formation of a new Government of the Russian Federation.

The State Duma may be dissolved by the President of the Russian Federation in the following cases:

Art. 111 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation: If the State Duma three times in a row rejects the candidacies of the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation presented by the President;

Art. 117: The State Duma may express no confidence in the Government of the Russian Federation, after which the President of the Russian Federation has the right to declare the resignation of the Government of the Russian Federation or disagree with the decision of the State Duma. If the State Duma within three months re-expresses its no confidence in the Government of the Russian Federation, the President of the Russian Federation announces the resignation of the Government or dissolves the State Duma.

The Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation may raise the issue of confidence in the Government of the Russian Federation before the State Duma. If the State Duma refuses to trust, the President within seven days makes a decision on the resignation of the Government of the Russian Federation or on the dissolution of the State Duma and the appointment of new elections.

In the event of the dissolution of the State Duma, the President of the Russian Federation sets the date for the elections so that the newly elected State Duma meets no later than four months after the dissolution.

The State Duma cannot be dissolved on the grounds provided for by Article 117 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation within a year after its election.

The State Duma cannot be dissolved from the moment it brings charges against the President of the Russian Federation until an appropriate decision is made by the Federation Council.

The State Duma cannot be dissolved during the period of martial law or a state of emergency throughout the entire territory of the Russian Federation, as well as within six months before the end of the term of office of the President of the Russian Federation.

The government of the Russian Federation and its powers

Government:

1) the highest body of executive power;

2) a collegial body;

3) an executive body of general competence (that is, it can solve any organizational issue if its decision does not represent the competence of another body of state power).

Structure: consists of the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation, Deputy Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation and federal ministers.

St111 KRF. The chairman is appointed by the President with the consent of the State Duma.

2. The proposal on the candidacy of the Chairman shall be submitted no later than two weeks after the newly elected President takes office or after the resignation of the Government, or within a week from the date of rejection of the candidacy by the State Duma.

3. The State Duma will consider the candidacy of the Prime Minister presented by the President within a week from the date of submission of the nomination proposal.

4. After a threefold rejection of the proposed Chairman by the State Duma, the President appoints the Chairman, dissolves the State Duma and calls new elections.

Section 112

1. The Chairman shall, no later than one week after his appointment, submit to the President proposals on the structure of federal executive bodies.

2. proposes to the President candidates for the positions of Deputy Prime Ministers and Federal Ministers.

Section 113

The Chairman of the Government, in accordance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation, federal laws and decrees of the President, determines the main directions of the Government's activities and organizes its work.

The dissolution of the State Duma by the President of the Russian Federation is possible. Grounds and procedure for the dissolution of the State Duma. When does the President of the Russian Federation have the right to dissolve the State Duma?

Commentary on Art. 109 CRF

The government of the Russian Federation and its powers

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