In the world of stunning nature of the Yalta reserve. Fauna of the Yalta nature reserve Scheme of the location of trails on the territory of the jagl
Crimea is rich in natural wonders, but in the conditions of a constant powerful tourist flow and economic activity they need protection. Consequently, a large part of the territory of the peninsula has been declared a nature reserve. The Yalta mountain-forest nature reserve appeared in 1973, it is impressive both in the presented species and in size.
Where is the Yalta mountain-forest reserve on the map?
Less known, but very interesting (especially in spring) is the place known as the Cherry Orchard. Usually, excursion leaders use it as a recreation area on the route. This is not a real garden, but chair, that is, natural thickets of fruit trees. Teapots are an integral original part of the Crimean nature.
The reserve also has a museum, where you can not only view the exposition telling about the flora and fauna of the Crimea and the history of their protection, but also listen to a popular science lecture. It also hosts classes for schoolchildren and various contests for them. Periodically, the reserve announces “days open doors»In order to better familiarize everyone with their work.
How to get there (get there)?
The headquarters of the reserve is located in the village of Sovetskoye. The most convenient way to get here is by taxi or by car. Here is how the route of the car from the center of Yalta looks on the map:
Contacts and prices
- Address: Dolosskoe highway, 2, p. Sovetskoe, Yalta, Crimea, Russia.
- GPS coordinates: 44.531342, 34.189075.
- Official website: http://yglpz.umi.ru/
- Phone: + 7-3654-23-30-50.
- Working hours: from 8:00 to 17:00, Saturday and Sunday - days off.
- Entrance fee: 100 rubles per person.
The Yalta mountain-forest nature reserve is an important scientific and recreational center of Crimea. Tourists visiting it should try to understand the purpose of the object. Then they will perceive the beauty around them in a different way and will never turn into a danger to environment! In conclusion, watch a video about him, enjoy your viewing!
The GBU YAGLPZ includes 4 research environmental departments: Gurzufskoe, Livadiyskoe, Alupkinskoe and Opolznevskoe.
YAGLPZ is an environmental, scientific research institution, the main tasks of which are the preservation in the primary state of the unique mountain-forest natural complex of the southern mountainous Crimea, the study of natural processes and phenomena in it, effective use natural resources, strengthening the protection of mountain forests, development scientific foundations environmental protection natural environment, as well as, conducting environmental education activities, including at environmental education sites and trails.
Uniqueness natural conditions, formed on the territory of the reserve, is associated with its position in the system of geobotanical zoning. Thus, the territory of the Yalta GLPZ belongs to the Mediterranean region of sclerophilous forests, maquis, shiblyaks, frigans and tomillyars, the Crimean-Novorossiysk subprovince, the Gorno-Crimean district of coniferous and deciduous nemoral and hemixerophilic forests, steppes and tomillars.
The territory of the reserve is located on the southern macroslope of the Main Ridge Crimean mountains and stretches along the Black Sea from west to east from Foros to Gurzuf for 40 km. The reserve is located within the altitude range of 380-1200 m above sea level, in some places dropping to the sea. Its upper border runs along the Ai-Petrinskaya, Yalta and Nikitskaya yaylam (plateau).
The vegetation cover of the reserve most fully reflects all the diversity and richness of flora and vegetation of the Mountain Crimea. Species composition Yalta reserve represented by 1351 species, which is 49% of the entire flora of Crimea and 66% of plant species of mountain Crimea.
About 75% of the area nature reserve are occupied by conifers and broadleaf forests sub-Mediterranean and Central European type. The main forest-forming species is Pinus pallasiana (58%), listed in the Red Book Russian Federation, which is widely known for its medicinal properties and creates special, unique landscapes. On the plateau-like summit of the main ridge, forests are replaced by mountain-steppe and meadow vegetation.
Thus, in a relatively small area, huge wealth is concentrated, characterized by the heterogeneity of the floristic and coenotic composition, among which there are many endemic and relict plant species and communities. So, on the territory of the reserve there are 141 species of plants listed in the European Red List and 41 species listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation, including tall juniper, dull-leaved pistachio, folded snowdrop, Crimean saffron, thin-leaved peony and many species from the orchid family (orchids) ... There are also many plants that belong to the category of endemic species, that is, growing only in the territory of Crimea: rumia critmolist, hogweed ligustilla, brown cornflower, Uchansun hawk, etc.
The fauna of the reserve is also diverse. The YAGLPZ is inhabited by 36 species of mammals, 11 reptiles, 4 species of amphibians and 19 species of molluscs. Among the mammals in the forests of the reserve, you can see the European roe deer, wild boar, the Crimean subspecies of the fox and weasel, the European hare and others. The world of birds is also quite rich, represented by 96 species, of which 40 species nest here. The spineless fauna is also diverse and is represented by many species of spiders, cicadas, butterflies, barbel, among which there are many endemics.
You can learn a lot of interesting things about the unique southern coastal nature and the Yalta reserve during cognitive walks through the unique mountain landscapes of the natural reserve on specially organized objects and routes, both historically formed and newly discovered.
Description and boundaries of the Yalta reserve
The Yalta Mountain-Forest Natural Reserve was established in 1973. The main part of its significant territory of 14.5 thousand hectares is occupied by forests lying between the coast and the southern slopes of the Main ridge of the Crimean Mountains. In the west, the reserve begins in the vicinity of Foros from Cape Chekhov and stretches along the coast of the Black Sea, sometimes reaching the coast between settlements (which, of course, do not belong to its territory).
Both the cable car station, the weather station, and the market with restaurants are within it; as well as the village of Okhotnichye, from which paths and roads diverge in all directions.
The Yalta-Bakhchisarai highway leaves the territory of the Yalta nature reserve immediately after the Ai-Petri pass. The highest mountains outside the plateau are Kaboplu (993 meters) in the east of the Yalta nature reserve, Nishan-Kaya (981 meters) and Chaka-Tysh (928 meters) near At-Basha, Mount Pendikul (869 meters), on which the Silver gazebo is located and the extinct volcano Pilyaki (850 meters) near the exit of the Eski-Bogaz trail to the yayla.
Mount Ai-Petri as a nature reserve
The nearby Mogabin lakes are reservoirs, and access to them is, for obvious reasons, closed. That part of the Yalta reserve, which is occupied by the plateau, is practically waterless, with the exception of the springs of the Besh-Tekne basin that gush on the very border with the Crimean reserve.
Climate of the Yalta reserve
The climate of the forests lying below the plateau is relatively mild, only in the strip of beech forests a decrease in temperature is clearly felt. The part of the reserve that includes Mount Ai-Petri is characterized by difficult meteorological conditions, especially in the cold season. Fogs and strong winds are frequent guests of the eastern part of the Ai-Petri yayla. The possibility of avalanches remains. There is usually much more snow than in the underlying forests.
Autumn in the Yalta nature reserve is mild and conducive to hiking. At this time, mushroom pickers are activated - this is what the forests of the reserve are rich in, it is mushrooms of any size. Locals also harvest dogwood and rose hips.
Routes in the Yalta nature reserve
Several popular tourist routes have been laid through the territory of the Yalta Nature Reserve, along which nature lovers get to the mountains. Some roads are paved - for example, the Old Sevastopol highway and the roads connecting it with Oliva, Parkovy and Foros. In this convenient way, you can quite comfortably get to or to the Shaitan-Merdven pass. But most of the routes are trails, in places wide and gentle, in places - steep and unobtrusive.
The Eski-Bogaz trail connects the village of Opolznevoe and the pass of the same name in the area of the Besh-Tekne campground. Its lower part passes through vineyards, mixed deciduous forest, past the Biyuk-Isar mountain and beautiful lakes. The upper part runs through a beech forest. Read more about this route on our website. By the way, the route has many branches, allowing the maximum of interesting things in these parts.
From Landslide, just to the west, another path goes into the mountains, already with a more intense climb. It is called Kerezla, and it leads out in the vicinity of Mount Morchek. There are both deciduous and pine forests along the trail. There is also an article about this path on the site.
Alupka also has its own exit to the plateau. The old Jewish trail, known to any tourist (the official name is the 49th tourist route), goes to the plateau at about the same place as Eski-Bogaz, and also has a wide network of branches in all directions of the world. The largest can be considered the Eastern and Western Shanghai trails, leading to the yayla in the area of Mount Kupol, on which the military unit is located. Their name comes from the name of the Shaan-Kaya mountain.
In the area of the Chaka-Tysh mountain, the picturesque Vorontsovskaya trail branches off from the Jewish one, which also leads the tourist to the Ai-Petrinskaya yayla. You can also get to the Blue Bay on the Jewish Trail. Read about this route on our website.
The Koreiz trail is the shortest way to Ai-Petri for those who decide to climb there on foot. Route through the pine forest cleanest air and beautiful panoramas from the observation platforms bring genuine joy to the ascent. The trail starts from the highway in the Koreiz area, where the road to the Silver gazebo, located on the Bakhchisarai highway, also begins. This route leads to the plateau near the village of Okhotnichy.
Both routes are described in detail in the respective articles on the website. You can climb to the Silver Gazebo along the trail over Mount Mogabi (805 meters). This renegade mountain was previously considered an extinct volcano. It is surrounded by a system of lakes and reservoirs that feed Yalta. The surroundings and even the top of the mountain are completely covered with forest.
Bakhchisarayskoe highway leaves Yalta in the vicinity of the village of Vinogradnoye. One of the sharp turns is always crowded. and retail outlets. Such a revival is caused by a local attraction - the Uchan-Su waterfall - the highest on the Crimean peninsula (98 meters).
Trails that are very popular among tourists start here. Taraktashskaya leads along steep slopes through a pine forest to the beautiful Taraktash rocks, and then goes to the yayla.
Shtangeevskaya goes north, where in the area of Stavri-Kaya mountain it changes its name to Botkin. Both of these routes are described in detail on our website.
From Mount Stavri-Kaya, which is famous for its observation deck, crowned with a cross, the road leads to the Streamy waterfall, and from there to the plateau. All three trails are extremely popular with hikers due to their stunning beauty and accessibility.
Three more trails run from Yalta to the Yalta plateau through the forests of the reserve, which are an order of magnitude steeper and more difficult than ecological terrenkurs such as the Botkin trail. Styles-Bogaz and Kizil-Kaya-Bogaz, however, are in no way inferior to the previous ones in the beauty of the opening panoramas. on our website.
They, like the Uzenbash trail, lead to an elevated (about 1400 meters) part of the Yalta plateau. On the way to the plateau, the Uzenbash trail passes by the Iograf cave (named after the ridge along which the road goes), where there was once a Christian temple.
| In the Yalta nature reserve: | ||
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| View of western Yalta from the ridge Iograf |
View of eastern Yalta from the ridge Iograf |
View from the Yalta Yayla |
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| Uzenbash trail on the Iograf ridge |
Uzenbash trail before the exit to the Yalta Yayla |
In the eastern enclave of the Yalta Nature Reserve, the most famous trail is the one that leads from Krasnokamenka to the Gurzufskoe saddle. Sometimes it is called Artekovskaya, but more often the route Krasnokamenka - Roman-Kosh. Its popularity is due to the fact that its end point is the highest mountain in Crimea and the harsh Babugan plateau. The route is long, but the result is worth the effort. You can also read about it on our website.
olegman37
In January of this year, many of you supported the appeal "Stop the destruction of the Yalta mountain-forest nature reserve!" - against the legalization of the illegal seizure of almost 1000 hectares of its land, which is being prepared in accordance with the "Project for changing the borders and expanding the Yalta mountain-forest nature reserve." Since then, we have received answers to it, together with colleagues from other organizations, we have sent requests that more accurately clarified the situation.
Now, based on the results of our correspondence, it can be argued that the situation around the Yalta reserve casts doubt on the future of the entire natural reserve fund of Ukraine. Indeed, despite the protests and demands of the public, the project, according to which part of the reserve's lands will go to private estates, moves through the authorities and receives all the necessary approvals. Now we can safely say that the deriban of the reserved lands was planned at the highest level!
A cloud hung over Yalta in 2011, when the President of Ukraine announced the need to structure and "expand" the reserve's lands. This idea was picked up, and already at the end of the year, for money from the budget of Ukraine, the Crimean Academy of Sciences developed a project to "expand" the territory of the reserve. And the mechanism spun ...
Now the "expansion project" has received the name "the project of changing the boundaries of the Yalta mountain-forest natural reserve", and it solves all the issues of deribans. Here you have a pipeline (the decision on which was blocked by the public back in 2010), and all illegal allocations of land in the reserve (namely illegal - after all, since Soviet times, not a single piece of land has been officially transferred to anyone, and about 1000 hectares of reserved lands have which owners will quickly be found.
The most interesting thing in this situation is that our rulers do not show any documents to the people - neither the CAS report, nor the project of changing the borders of the territory itself. The documentation, which should be put up for public discussion, is classified for a reason. After all, it is practically impossible to justify the need to carry out any work at the expense of the reserve's lands.
But back to our appeal. According to the response of the Ministry of Ecology and Resources, the project of "changing the borders" was agreed and sent for consideration to the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, the Presidential Administration and the Cabinet of Ministers simply ignored the appeal, and the Prosecutor's Office of Crimea cannot figure out illegal land allocations.
In the hope of rectifying the situation, and taking into account the replies received, we turned to the Chairman of the Committee Verkhovna Rada on environmental policy Irina Sekh - since project documentation was not provided for open access, and the issues of existing illegal seizures of the reserve's lands have not been resolved, for this moment we consider it necessary to introduce a moratorium on any land withdrawal from the Yalta reserve.
In general, if the Yalta reserve still has chances, then only in the event of a mass public campaign in its defense.
We hope that the information received by us and the Lviv "EcoPrav" ("Ecology. Right. Man") will be useful for her.
1. Reply of the Republican Committee for Land Resources of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea.
2. Answer of the Ministry of Ecology and Resources.
3. Response of the Republican Committee of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea on environmental protection.
4. Reply of the Republican Committee of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea on forestry and hunting issues.
5. Reply of the Prosecutor's Office of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea.
6. A very informative answer received by colleagues from the IBO "Ecology. Law. Man".
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CONTACT:
Oleg Vyatkin, ECG "Pechenegi": tel. 0951396278, trolll_ecoukr.net
Prepared by ECG "Pechenegi", a member of the International Socio-Ecological Union.
Our news
The Supreme Court, as part of the collegium of the Cassation Court, in a decision of March 5, 2020 in case No. 666/5448/15-k, declared inadmissible evidence the protocols on the results of covert investigative (search) actions and video recordings to them due to the fact that in this case, in fact there is an interrogation of the person, not an interference with privacy.
The reserve in Yalta is an interesting living museum of nature. On the territory of almost 15 thousand hectares, there was once a local forestry. However, the natural collection of Crimean flora and fauna here turned out to be so rich that in 1973 it was decided to stop any use of this place for economic purposes and assign it the status of a protected area. Since then, the staff of the reserve has been actively working to preserve and increase natural wealth... The Yalta Nature Reserve is protected by the state as a particularly significant object.
The mountain-forest reserve is located between Gurzuf and Foros. On the one hand, its space is limited by the sea, on the other - by the Crimean peaks. The highest point of the reserve is Mount Roca, which is almost 1,500 meters above sea level.
The collection of flora preserved here is of the greatest value. In the reserve you can find most of the plants that are typical for the territory of the Crimean mountains in general. A large proportion of these representatives flora is on the verge of extinction and is listed in the Red Book.
The forest component of the reserve occupies two-thirds of the entire area, and is divided into several main zones. The lower level, closer to the coast, is oak with occasional splashes of juniper and pistachio trees. Above it are pines, hornbeams and ash. The upper "floor", at an altitude of 900 meters above sea level, was occupied by pine and beech trees.
On yayls (flat, treeless areas, which are traditionally used by mountain residents as summer pastures), there are wild herbs - carnation, bindweed, stone-lover, rank, peony and many other steppe and meadow grasses.
The most numerous inhabitants of the reserve after plants can be safely called birds. Thrushes, goldfinches, oatmeal, peregrine falcons, siskins, blue tit, jays - more than 150 species in total.
Compared to the variety of plants and birds, the collection of fauna here is almost modest - only 37 species. Mammals, for example, are represented by roe deer, mouflons, red deer, foxes, badgers, weasels. However, most of them belong to the so-called "Crimean subspecies" and have their own characteristics that are characteristic only for representatives of this region.
Reptiles and amphibians are rarely found here: geckos, lizards, newts, tree frogs and toads.
Besides scientific research and nature conservation activities, the reserve is engaged in active educational and educational work. For this, a museum has been created on the territory of the reserve, as well as special routes have been developed that help visitors to the reserve to get to know the nature of Crimea better and imbued with the idea of an attentive, environmentally friendly lifestyle.
What to see
Most of the Yalta nature reserve is accessible for visiting. However, movement within it is limited - you can only move along specially permitted routes.
The main office building is located Museum of Nature reserve. Long-term results of scientific and practical work of the entire team working here flock here. Scientific materials, herbariums, zoological information and collections, revealing the peculiarities of the flora and fauna of the Crimean peninsula.
The exact address of the museum: Sovetskoe village, Dolosskoe highway, building 2.
Be sure to take a ride on cable car "Miskhor-Ai-Petri"... This is one of the most popular walks among both local residents and tourists who have come to Crimea. The road has three stations: the lower one is “Miskhor”, the middle one is “Sosnovy Bor” and the upper one is “Ai-Petri” (1152 meters above sea level). It is breathtakingly beautiful on the road and incredibly interesting on the observation decks.
You can climb Ai-Petri peak and in other ways. You can get there on foot or go on horseback by ordering a horse ride with a guide. A stunning panorama of the Crimea opens up from here.
The easiest, shortest and safest way up is Miskhor (Koreiz) trail.
In the summer heat, it will be a separate pleasure to go down to Three-eye cave... The entrance there is represented by three holes or "eyes", from where the cave got its name. 22 meters down the stairs and you find yourself in the epicenter of coolness. It is never warmer than +1 degrees here, so be sure to take warm clothes with you. The middle of the cave is always occupied by a huge block of ice and frozen ice splashes, illuminated from above by rays from the hole.
The cave can be reached via a trail that starts near the upper cable car station. Follow the signs.
On Ai-Petri you can see the highest waterfall Crimea - Uchan-Su... Powerful streams of water rush down from a height of almost one hundred meters. It looks especially impressive in spring, after the mountain snow melts. In summer, the waterfall almost dries up.
There are dozens of interesting routes and objects in the reserve, of which one can single out Uch-Kosh gorge, Fucking staircase , "Ecological ring" and many others.
Visiting some objects is possible only with a special permit or with an excursion group.
Shtangeevskaya trail of the Yalta nature reserve - panorama Google maps
Prices in the Yalta Reserve 2020
Residents of Yalta have the right to a preferential visit to the reserve. To do this, you need to obtain an annual pass. It will cost 200 rubles.
All other visitors will be charged for individual visits. For example, the ascent to the top of Ai-Petri - 100 rubles, a visit to the Uchan-Su waterfall - 50 rubles. There is a paid visit to the caves of Yalta, Geodesic, Trekhglazka and some hiking trails - Botkin, Shtangeevskaya and others.
How to get to the Yalta mountain-forest reserve
The territory of the reserve stretches for 53 kilometers from Foros to Nikitskaya yayla. The nearest settlements are: Alupka, Yalta, Gurzuf.
You can get to the Yalta Mountain-Forest Natural Reserve either by car or by public transport... When traveling by car in winter, you need four-wheel drive vehicles, because the roads of the reserve are replete with serpentines. In snowfall, you will also need chains for wheels.
Bus routes No. and are carried out from the Yalta bus station in the direction of Mount Ai-Petri. You need to get off at the stop "Lower station of the Cable Car". The easiest way for tourists to find themselves on the hiking trails of the reserve is by taking the cable car from Miskhor.
Yalta Nature Reserve in June (video)