Crimea for Russians is the fauna of the Crimea. Animals of the Crimean mountains What animals live in the Crimea

Crimea is one of the most amazing peninsulas on planet Earth. The nature of the Crimea inspired many great writers, poets, artists to create works of amazing beauty. The famous Russian playwright Sergei Naydenov compared Crimea to a small piece of blue sky that fell to the ground. Nikolai Nekrasov said: "The sea and the local nature are conquered and touched." It was here that he spent several recent years life.

So why does the Crimean Peninsula sink so deeply into the soul of every person who has been there? The answer is simple - the Crimean nature, climate, sea are the product of an amazing combination of different climatic and natural areas on such a small piece of the planet.

Plants in Crimea

When there is still snow on the mountain peaks, the southern part of the peninsula is covered with blooming tulips. In Crimea, you can see the majestic cypresses brought by the inhabitants of Hellas to the peninsula, hazel, ash, dogwood and more than 77 species of trees. In beech and pine forests, you can find some types of berry yew - the oldest relict species. Part of the territory of the sunny peninsula is covered with thickets of bushes - Spanish gorse, tamarisk, curl, and the other part is covered with herbs and flowers.

Animals in Crimea

The fauna of the Crimea is no less diverse. Traveling along the deserted Crimean roads, you can see the columns standing in the steppe - these are the gophers. In the evening, you can hear the familiar snorting of a hedgehog or see a bat flying out to hunt. And you can also meet the well-known hare or rabbit, which was once brought to the peninsula by travelers.

Until 1922, a wolf could be found in the Crimea, but the last individual was destroyed near the Chatyr-Da mountain. But foxes, martens, ferrets still live on the peninsula and feel great. Speaking about the animal world of the Crimea, one cannot but say about dolphins - amazing animals that love to communicate with people so much and, of course, about the noble Crimean deer - the pride of the peninsula. Graceful roe deer, bison, mouflons live in Crimea.

The location of Crimea makes it possible to use the peninsula as transshipment base during the flight of birds in more warm countries... The birds of the peninsula are represented by more than 300 species of various birds. Among them are the black vulture, vulture, partridges, partridges, chiffchaff and many other avian representatives. Speaking about the unique nature of the Crimean peninsula, one cannot but mention the reserves, in which all the natural phenomena of the peninsula are carefully protected.

The nature of the North of Crimea

Endless steppes, an abundance of various grasses and flowers - this is what characterizes the landscape of the northern part of Crimea. It is especially beautiful here in spring, when tulips and poppies are in bloom. Just imagine an endless carpet of flowers that stretches from your feet to the very horizon, and the bitter-tasting air smells like wormwood! In many cities of the Crimea, whole festivals of flowers and plants are held. For example, in Simferopol there is a lavender festival, Krasnogvardeisky is popular for the Crimean tulip festival.

It is in the North of Crimea that you can find amazingly beautiful "wild" places for recreation. The famous Swan Island is located here, which migratory birds used as an alternate "airfield" for long-distance flights for the winter. It is always noisy here from the hubbub of birds. About 20 species of the bird tribe live permanently on Swan Island.

Soft, whitish in color (from small particles of shells) sand stretches along the Bakalskaya Spit. A feature of the spit is considered to be different in characteristics of the coast: the right one is gentle with long shallow water, the left one is steeper with high waves.

From the North to the East stretches the ridge of the Crimean mountains, covered with beech and pine forests. It is worth mentioning separately such a miracle as the Crimean Grand Canyon, which is located on the slope of the Ai-Petrinsky massif. The slopes of the canyons are formed by gray and pinkish limestone and are covered with islets of Crimean pines, and at the bottom the plants form impenetrable thickets of bushes.

Northern Crimea is beautiful not only in summer but also in winter. In the mountains, you can find many places where you can have a great rest in winter, skiing, sledging, snowboarding.

The nature of the South of Crimea

High mountains, warm sea, mild climate- that's what the South is Crimean peninsula... Its territory is quite small, about 150 km in length and from 2 to 8 km inland. Here you can find picturesque cliffs that will appeal to rock-climbing lovers, high mountains, and cozy bays with magnificent sandy beaches.

It is in the south of Crimea that Mount Ayu-Dag, familiar to many from literary works, is located. And far from the coast there is a lonely rock called the Sail. In southern Crimea is located Yalta reserve with beech and oak forests and evergreen shrubs. In the South of Crimea there are many lakes - small and large, but Lake Tobechik occupies a special place. The bottom of the lake is covered with a thick layer of silt and in its composition it is close to the famous healing Crimean mud.

The subtropical climate of the South of the Crimean Peninsula is due to the presence of a natural barrier - the ridge of the Crimean mountains, which prevents the penetration of cool air from its northern part. This explains the many tropical and subtropical vegetation in the Crimean South.

The nature of the Eastern coast of Crimea

The east of Crimea is a cluster of small bays and peninsulas, for example, the Kerch Peninsula. It is characterized by a smooth transition from the Crimean Mountains to the steppe. The beauty of the cliffs and mysterious grottoes, the blueness of the sea, the majestic mountains covered with dense forests with beautiful waterfalls and lakes are admired. The mountain Kara-Dag admires with its harsh beauty, which in translation from the Turkic means "Black Mountain". At the foot of the mountain, near Koktebel, a unique dinotherium has been created in the form of two large white balls. Here you can see most of the flora and fauna and not only Crimea, but the entire planet. Animals walk outside their cages, and birds are free to fly wherever they want.

The charming Tikhaya Bay is located between Koktebel and the village of Ordzhonikidze. It is notable for the fact that blue clay is dissolved in the water of the bay, and as you know, it has a beneficial effect on human skin.

From the western side of the bay you can see Cape Chameleon or Toprak-Kaya, which in translation from the Turkic language means Clay Rock. It consists of clay shales, which change their color during the day. That is why it got its modern name - Chameleon.

Western Crimea and its nature

The variety of species of trees, shrubs, herbs and, of course, flowers characterize vegetable world West of the Crimean coast. An amazing sight is the western steppe of Crimea in spring! At this time, it looks like a multi-colored flower sea! And what air hovers over you! It contains bitter notes of wormwood, aromas of flowers and the sea.

Interesting is the Uzundzhi Canyon, which conquers with its uniqueness. A small river called Uzundzha winds along the bottom of the canyon. This canyon owes its origin to her. The view of the slopes of the canyon, overgrown with undersized bushes or small trees, allows you to imagine yourself in some fantastic country. Cape Tarkanhut is famous for its unusual rocky bowl - the Cup of Love. This is a small lake with sea ​​water that appeared in a rocky depression. According to legend, if lovers jump into the Lake of Love, hand in hand, and do not open them during immersion in water, then their life together will be happy and long.

Center of Crimea. Nature

In the center of Crimea there are several mountain ranges - Dolgorukovskaya Yaila, Karabi-Yaila, which stretch in a narrow ridge to the East.

In the mountains there are many karst caves (Krasnaya, Soldatskaya and others), rocks, magnificent waterfalls.

Not far from the village of Generalskoye, the waters of Dzhu-Dzhur roll over - the largest and deepest waterfall in Crimea. Dzhur-Dzhur is also known for its bowls-lakes, which have their own names. There is a belief that by plunging into the "Love" cup you acquire Love, and if into the "Health" cup - healthy body and spirit.

On the slope of the Chatyr-Dag mountain there is a unique cave, which is famous for colored calcites, they are also called "cave flowers". When examining the cave, bones of a mammoth, cave bear and other prehistoric animals were found. Based on these findings, a paleontological museum was organized in the Emine-Bair-Khosar cave in 2000. The nature of the Crimea is diverse and amazing. Due to its location, a wide variety of vegetation and animals can be found. Many mountain ranges are covered with shrubs and islets of groves, in which there are unique, relict specimens. Nowhere else in the world is there such a wonderful and affectionate land and to feel it, you must definitely visit here!

Crimea is rightfully called "Little Australia". This peninsula includes three climatic zones, therefore, many different animals live on its territory.

Fauna features

Crimea has a rather modest area of ​​27 thousand square kilometers, but at the same time 50 salt lakes and 257 rivers are concentrated on it. Black and Azov sea they are washed by mountain and steppe massifs. All of the above factors determined the species diversity of animals, fish, birds and insects inhabiting the region. There is information that in the old days even ostriches and giraffes lived here, but against the background of climate change, they were replaced by less heat-loving animals.

Since there are endangered species among the animals of the peninsula, it was decided to create the Red Book of Crimea. The publication is still in the project, but the animals included in the list have already been taken under protection.

Who lives in the steppe?

The fauna of the Crimean steppes includes white-bellied shrew, gopher, jerboa, hamster, mole vole, foxes and many other representatives of the animal world. Among the birds of these latitudes there are bee-eaters, rolling rollers, bustards, cranes, little bustards, steppe harriers and eagles.

You can rarely see the steppe viper here, much more often people meet four-striped snakes and nimble lizards. Nest in steppe world Crimea herons, mallards, long-nosed mergansers, cranes.

One of the most popular animals of the steppe - korsak. The steppe fox, called the corsac, belongs to the canine family. The body length of the animal is about half a meter, and the tail is up to 35 cm. The weight of an adult is no more than that of a large cat.

The fur coat of a corsac has a gray-yellow tint with a reddish color, while the fur is lighter below, and the tip of the tail of this fox is darkened. In pursuit of prey, the corsac develops a speed of up to 60 km per hour. He is not averse to feasting on rodents, birds, and carrion.

Domestic chickens often become victims of Korsaks. There is a place in the fox's diet for vegetarian food - she eats fruits and berries with pleasure.

Foothill areas

In the foothills of the Crimea, there are wolves, squirrels, but here you cannot meet many of the usual inhabitants of Russian forests. But these lands are inhabited by representatives of various Balkan, Middle Eastern, Mediterranean and endemic species.

A rich fauna is presented on the northern slopes of Yaila, on the territory of the Crimean nature reserve... Specially protected natural area inhabit Crimean deer, Crimean chamois, forest and stone martens. Local animals have unique characteristics. For example, they wear their summer coat all year round.

Let's talk about some interesting inhabitants of the Crimean foothills in more detail.

• Whitebird. The second name of the stone marten is white-bodied. She is so named because of the white fur on the chest and shirt front. Slender and nimble, she easily makes her way into the chicken coops, but she can also feast on berries.

• Noble deer... It is rightfully considered the pride of Crimea. The head of this forest beast is adorned with luxurious horns that grow with age. Deer herds can be heard by the characteristic roar that spreads through the forest. In winter, they move closer to the gardens to find food there.

• Mouflon. This is the name of the mountain ram, which took root in this region back in tsarist times. Its horns are in the shape of a spiral, the weight can reach two centners. The acclimatization of this beautiful animal took place not without difficulties, therefore the mouflon is a protected species. In summer, they hide from the heat in shady rocks and go out to eat herbs only in the evening, and in winter, due to lack of food, they get closer to human houses.

• Roe... During the active settlement of people, these animals were driven further into the mountains. They do not have tools for protection from predators in the form of horns, but nature has endowed these graceful animals with very good hearing. It allows roe deer to hear the enemy from afar.

In addition to predators, they are hunted by poachers.

• Doe... It rarely appears in the foothill areas of the peninsula. Nimble, quirky and very beautiful animals with difficulty adapt to the conditions of the Crimea. It has not yet been possible to significantly increase the population of these artiodactyls, but local residents are trying to protect the animal from the encroachments of poachers.

Who lives on the coast?

The south coast is teeming with reptiles and invertebrates.

• Crimean gecko... These nimble creatures love to live in old buildings, where there are always deep cracks and various tunnels for them. For this reason, in earlier times they lived in old houses and courtyards.

They rid people of hordes of insects and thereby rendered a service to man. But today in cities, their population has declined. The reason was the active development of territories, as well as the attacks of cats, who are not averse to feasting on these cute lizards.

• Mantis... It gets its name from its raised front legs. Of course, these creatures do not hold their limbs in this position at all in order to offer prayer. They just spend a lot of time in ambush, pedantically tracking down prey, and from this position it is easier for them to attack it. The growth of the praying mantis reaches 5 centimeters, so sometimes they get into a fight with sparrows.
• Crimean ground beetle. This protected inhabitant of Crimea has a purple color that shimmers different colors... It is better not to touch it, otherwise the five-centimeter beetle will release a frightening secret. The ground beetle prey is mollusks and snails.

Among the feathered inhabitants of the coast, birds such as herons, mallards, cranes. In total, there are more than 200 species of birds of Crimea, however, among them there are no unique ones living only in this region.

Inhabitants of reservoirs

More than two hundred fish live in numerous reservoirs of the peninsula, and a quarter of them periodically visit the Crimean waters from the Bosphorus. A lot in the region frogs, toads and newts. There is only one poisonous snake here - this is steppe viper... Inhabits bodies of water and swamp turtle.

The fingers of this animal are equipped with membranes that allow it to swim better, and the size of the shell usually does not exceed 15 cm in diameter. Turtles are diurnal- they sleep until dawn, and then begin to hunt for medium-sized fish. Also, these animals are not averse to trying plant foods. They spend the winter buried in silt.

Such animals can be kept at home, in this case they wait out the cold season in the basement.

Dangerous wild animals

In addition to animals that cannot harm humans, quite dangerous creatures also live in the Crimea, it is better to avoid meeting with them.

Black Widow

This dangerous species is found not only in the steppes and forests, sometimes it can also be seen in urban areas. The bite of a female black widow can be fatal. If it happened, then you need to burn it with a match head or an object hot on a fire and immediately go to the doctor. If help is late, severe body aches, trembling hands and feet and dizziness will begin, hallucinations occur due to damage to the nervous system.

Scolopendra

Ringed centipedes are not as dangerous as black widows, but their bite can cause serious discomfort. The bite can unsettle for several days, all this time the victim feels fever, aching muscles, and the bite itself can hurt for a long time. Scolopendra lives on the peninsula everywhere, besides, it is very agile - suddenly appears and just as suddenly disappears.

Steppe viper

Its habitat is wide: mountains, steppes, salt marshes, vineyards, sandy roads. She, like karakurt, is capable of killing with her bite. After it, there is an increase in heart rate, dizziness, nausea, the appearance of blood in the urine.

The poison can be sucked off, each time rinsing your mouth with water or a solution of potassium permanganate, at the same time, there should be no wounds in the mouth, otherwise the poison will penetrate into the body of the rescuer. Next, the wound is disinfected, a bandage is applied, but not a tourniquet.

The victim is forbidden to drink alcohol, he needs to drink as much clean water as possible. Such a person should be shown to a doctor as soon as possible.

South Russian tarantula

Mountains and steppes are favorite places for tarantulas. Allergy sufferers are most at risk when meeting him, for everyone else he is less dangerous. The signs of a bite from this spider are about the same as in the case of a black widow. The bite site needs to be cauterized with brilliant green, you also need to consult a doctor.

A wild boar

A large and dangerous predatory animal was once exterminated on the territory of this region, but after years it again settled in its forests. The habitat of wild boars is mountainous areas where oaks and beeches grow, because they are not averse to feasting on plant foods. They avoid meeting people, but if a collision occurs, then the boar is able to show strong aggression towards the stranger.

The most dangerous are females with piglets, they are ready to fight for their children for life and death.

Scorpion

Displaced by people from the inhabited territories, he did not go too far, but began to settle right in the houses, more precisely, in their darkest and dampest rooms. Spiders, centipedes, praying mantises often become its prey, therefore scorpions to some extent help people fight dangerous insects.

They are nocturnal, so meeting them during the day is unlikely. Symptoms of the bite are similar to the reaction to the bites of other poisonous inhabitants of the Crimea: shortness of breath, pressure surges, chills or fever, dizziness.

They can appear both immediately and after a day, so a doctor's consultation after the incident should be obtained as soon as possible.

Protected species

Under protection are both unusual and interesting animals of the Crimea, and well-known Arctic fox, wolverine, beaver, marmot, bear, steppe ferret, because their populations in the region are small. The only mouflons for many thousands of kilometers, including Eastern European ones, live in the Crimea. They came from individuals who lived in the royal nursery, and therefore are of special value.

Serpentine jaundice has a body a meter or a little more, it often frightens people, as it resembles a viper. The spindle representative is completely harmless, if you do not frighten him on purpose.

Unlike snakes, his eyes have eyelids that blink.

Monk seal, also called the white-bellied seal, is critically endangered. According to scientists, the population of this rare animal has no more than 600 individuals in the world. The seal received such an unusual name because of its secluded lifestyle, and its head is also decorated with a kind of short fur. Two-meter sea animals can weigh up to three centners, nevertheless, they are able to dive quite deeply and return with their prey.

The fauna of the Crimea is a unique complex of various species, distinguished by high rates of isolation from a number of other geographically related faunas inhabiting the territories of the Caucasus, Ukraine and the Balkans. Today in Crimea there are both endemics and many representatives of rare or endangered animals.

Mammals

The mammalian class of Crimean animals includes representatives of six species of the order of insectivores, eighteen species of the order of bats, fifteen species of the order of rodents, seven species of carnivores, six species of artiodactyls and just a couple of species of lagomorphs.

Crimean red deer

The largest and most conspicuous inhabitant of the Crimean forests is distinguished by its slenderness, proud head planting and wide branched horns, which disappear annually in February or March. The average weight of an adult sexually mature male of the Crimean red deer reaches 250-260 kg, with the height of the animal at the withers in the range of 135-140 cm. The lifespan of a cloven-hoofed mammal rarely exceeds 60-70 years.

Steppe polecat, or white polecat

A nocturnal mammal belonging to the genus and weasels from the marten family is the largest member of the genus. The average body length of the animal varies from 52 to 56 cm, with a mass in the range of 1.8-2.0 kg. Obligate predator has a high, but sparse hairline with a clearly visible and dense underfur light color... The animal is characterized by a dark color of paws and tail, as well as a very peculiar coloring of the muzzle.

Badger

Birds

About nine dozen species of Crimean birds are classified as rare, including such rather large predators as the steppe eagle, burial ground, vulture and black vulture. Among the Crimean birds, there is also a large number of songbirds.

Blackbird

A sedentary and migratory songbird. The length of an adult is a quarter of a meter, with an average weight in the range of 90-120g. Females have a brown coloration with light spots on the back. The males are characterized by black plumage. Birds settle in zones of mixed and deciduous forests, in the territory of city parks and gardens, where these birds prefer to keep in pairs.

Pheasant

Males of this species are distinguished by very bright plumage, in which a gentle red color with black spots prevails. The beautiful feathers are complemented by a white ring at the neck. The female is characterized by a gray color with streaks. They differ from any other chickens by the presence of a long and pointed tail. Such a bird prefers to take off noisily and suddenly, vertically upward, after which it flies strictly horizontally.

Demoiselle crane

The steppe crane is the smallest and second most common crane. Such birds fly with a well-coordinated and clear "key", headed by the leader, who sets the whole rhythm of flight. The height of one of the most beautiful birds is approximately 88-89 cm, with an average weight of 2-3 kg. There is black plumage on the head and neck, and long tufts of white feathers are very clearly distinguishable behind the bird's eyes.

Pastor

Adults have a kind of crest on their heads. The wings, tail, head and neck of the bird are characterized by black coloration with the presence of a metallic shade. The rest of the plumage is pink. The natural habitat of the pink starling is open spaces with cliffs, stone clusters and rocky cliffs, where the bird has become numerous and quite common. Sometimes such birds settle in different cultural landscapes.

Common eider

Reptiles and amphibians

The Crimean peninsula is home to fourteen species of reptiles, which include lizards, turtles and snakes. Six species of non-venomous snakes are represented by copperhead, common and water snakes, four-striped snakes, leopard and yellow-bellied snakes. Only the steppe viper belongs to.

Crimean naked gecko

The small lizard is the rarest subspecies of the slender-toed Mediterranean gecko. A rare scaly reptile has a flattened body no more than 5 cm long, differs quite long tail... The color of the Crimean bare-toed gecko is represented by gray or sandy-gray tones. In addition to rather small scales, the sides and top of the gecko's body are covered with large oval-shaped tubercles.

Jellus

A kind of legless lizard is completely devoid of front legs, but has hind limbs, represented by two tubercles located next to the anus. The largest in size representative of the family reaches a length of one and a half meters, is distinguished by a four-sided head and a pointed muzzle. The serpentine body, compressed from the sides, passes into a rather long and mobile tail.

Rocky lizard

A representative of the family Real lizards has a body up to 80-88 mm long. The upper part of the body has a green, brownish, sometimes olive-gray, dark-sandy or ash-gray coloration. In the area of ​​the ridge, there are a couple of small dark spots merging into characteristic stripes. On the sides of the body there are dark and light stripes, and in the chest area of ​​the rocky lizard there are characteristic “blue eyes”.

Crimean lizard

One of the common varieties of wall oviparous lizards has a body within 20-24 cm long. The color of the lizard on top is greenish or brownish in color with a pair of longitudinal rows of dark spots. The belly area in adult males is yellowish or orange in color, while in females the lower body is greenish or white. The body is slightly compressed, turning into a long tail.

Agile lizard

Representatives of the species are distinguished by a light lower abdomen and the presence of stripes in the back. At the same time, males, as a rule, have a darker and brighter color, and also have a rather large head. The average length of an adult reaches 25 cm. This lizard received a very unusual name due to its ability to quite abruptly and quickly change the direction of its movement, which allows it to easily confuse its pursuers.

Swamp turtle

Fishes

The ichthyofauna of Crimea is very diverse, and the fish existing here are represented by species that live in the waters of the Azov and Black Seas, and also inhabit various fresh water bodies located on the territory of the peninsula.

Russian sturgeon

The representative of the sturgeon family has a living and anadromous form. The fish is distinguished by the presence of gill membranes, accreted to the intergill space with no folds, a short and rounded snout, and an interrupted lower lip. The body is usually covered with rows of stellate plates. The back area is characterized by a gray-brown coloration, and the sides are distinguished by a gray-yellow color.

Sterlet

The valuable commercial fish of the sturgeon family is a popular object of lake and pond breeding. Against the background of other members of the family, it enters the period of puberty at an earlier date, uses mainly mosquito larvae in its diet. It is assumed that the natural diet of females and males is markedly different, which is due to different environmental conditions.

Black Sea-Azov Shemaya

The representative of a very rare species from the cyprinid family has an elongated and low body with lateral compression, the maximum length of which, as a rule, does not exceed 30-35 cm. The dorsal fin is noticeably carried back. The ray-finned fish is characterized by a pelagic type of color, has a dark green back with a bluish tint, as well as grayish fins.

Black sea herring

A representative of the herring family is distinguished by a running, laterally compressed body, the height of which is approximately 19-35% of the total length. The fish has a strongly pronounced keel, a low and narrow head, a large mouth with well-developed teeth that are noticeable to the touch. The color of the dorsal surface of the fish is greenish-blue, with the presence of a pronounced silvery-white coloration on the sides of the body.

Blacktip shark

The representative of the order of karhariniformes has a fusiform body, a short and pointed snout, rather long branchial slits, and is also distinguished by the absence of a crest. Most individuals are distinguished by a black edging at the tips of their fins. The average length of an adult shark is one and a half meters. An active predator eats schooling small fish, and juveniles form clusters with size segregation.

Toothed grouper

The fish belonging to the Stone Perch family is characterized by a rather powerful body, the maximum length of which is 162-164 cm, with a weight in the range of 34-35 kg. In this case, the upper jaw of the fish extends beyond the vertical edges of the eye. A distinctive feature of the grouper is the presence of a rounded tail fin and a retractable upper jaw, which takes the form of a tube in the process of opening the mouth.

Spotted wrasse

The fish is medium in size, has an elongated body and a long, pointed head. Males are noticeably larger than females. In the snout area there are thick and rather fleshy lips, and the support of the long dorsal fin is provided by rigid rays located in the front part. The specific feature of the spotted wrasse is a very pronounced sexual dimorphism, as well as a change in color during the spawning period.

Mokoy

Representatives of the monotypic genus are distinguished by an elongated and slender body with long pectoral fins. The color of the upper body is blue, and on the sides the color becomes lighter, so the belly is almost white in color. The maximum body length of an adult blue shark exceeds three meters, with an average weight of 200 kg. The fish is distinguished by triangular and beveled teeth with pronounced serrations.

Black sea trout

Representatives of the salmon subspecies are found in a resident and anadromous form. A very valuable fishing object and popular in the conditions of sport fishing, the species is distinguished by its medium size and standard for the class of Ray-finned fish and the order Salmoniformes. external characteristics... The diet of the Black Sea trout consists of amphipods, as well as aquatic insect larvae and their adult aerial forms.

The flora of the Crimea is very rich and varied, it includes more than 2.5 thousand plant species. The species composition of the Crimean vegetation is striking not only with its abundance, but also quality composition... Typical for the south of Ukraine, here are no more than a third of the steppe and plants common for the mountains and foothills of the temperate climatic zone of Europe, but more than 50% of the vegetation species are of Mediterranean origin and are representatives of the Mediterranean area.

In addition, there are at least 10% of the so-called endemic plant species, that is, those that can be found only in one place on the planet - on the Crimean Peninsula. Such an abundance of endemics allows us to consider the nature of the Crimea unique. Growing in the mountainous part of the peninsula, high juniper, folded snowdrop, small-fruited strawberry are characteristic of the Tertiary period, which was almost two million years ago. But, for example, the taiga wintergreen and stoneberry are not at all characteristic of the southern latitudes, but are more characteristic of the taiga and northern deciduous forests. These are relict plants of the Ice Age, from which they remained in the southern latitudes of Crimea due to its unique geographical position.

2016-11-08