Spider-wolf: characteristics of the family. Features of behavior. The external structure of spider, special abilities to survive the differences of the male from females

Fauna multonyojekKaradaga to this day remains little studied. The tremendous majority in the Crimea in the Crimea are small in size and thanks to a hidden lifestyle. They live in wet places: in the soil, under the stones, under the crust and in the rotting trunks of trees. Only separate major representatives of this class of invertebrates are able to attract the tourist's attention. In the horses of a person, it is often possible to meet quite large - with a match box - a multicacio with a fringe long and thin legs. Its oblong gentle caller is hanging on curved legs-supports. This is about mukholovka ordinary, or Skhatiger - Certainly, one of the most charming representatives of the extensive subclasses of magpiene multi-nonexid. At home, the mukholok attracts the abundance of insects. This peculiar animal leads the way of life of a sucking predator, less often is actively looking for prey. Skutigiers destroying a large number of flies, mosquitoes and other insects, the neighborhood of which is not always nice, are useful guests in housing. For people, this cute animal is completely not dangerous.

Mukholovka ordinary with prey. Photo VS Marchenko

Under the layers lying on a wet soil, it is possible to detect white or the colors of the ivory of very long and subtle multiodons. Joining as a snake, they will immediately try to hide from the light and go into the soil. it geophiles - Eaters of rainworms. Their frequent neighbors are small (several centimeters in length) brown kostyanki.. On harmless firewood looks like ring Skolendra, differing from them by impressive sizes. There are copies of more than 20 cm long! Skolopendra poisonous, numerous and practically omnipresent. It is active, mainly at night, but in cloud weather it appears on the surface of Idena. Skolenders are perfectly climbing, climbing on the rocks and in the crowns of trees, penetrated through the windows at home. Thus, it represents a serious danger to an open-air tourist over the open sky. Cases of human bites scrolopandra in the Crimea are not at all uncommon. The poison is injected with powerful cogtevoid pests. It is impossible to die from the bite of this multiple, but he will deliver a lot of trouble. In the place of introduction of the poison there is burning pain, redness and swelling arise, the temperature rises in severe cases. Interestingly, this is a small animal, the sudden appearance of which causes a feeling of chills even among the familiar man, capable of touching care for the offspring: the scolepaders are carefully based and guarded from the encroachment of predators of the eggs to the moment of the appearance of young people. Skolenders feed mainly insects, but are able to cope with bold lizards, and with newborn snakes.

Skolendra is a dangerous multihair. Photo N.M.Cowbluk

Skolendra is the only major multicotion of the Karadaga. Numerous on the south coast of the Crimea large (thick with a pencil) Two-shaped multi-ninexic - kivsek Pahukhukov - The eastern limit of the mountain Crimea is no longer found, and the most eastern item of its range is Cape Alchak, closing from the West, the Sudak Bay. These carriers were repeatedly tied up on the Karadag in experimental purposes, but here they do not know here.

Spider-shaped, or arachnida - Extremely numerous class of invertebrates. On the Karadaga, this ancient group is represented by several detachments. The detachments of scorpions and solpug (the latter are also called camel spiders) in Crimea are represented by the only species of each. Peculiar exterior appearance And the unusual behavior of these animals since ancient times attracted the attention of a person. They are mentioned in the "Book of the Dead", in Sumerian and Ancient Greek myths and chronicles. In Egypt, scorpions were depicted on tombs and monuments. Aristotle wrote that in some countries, scorpions damasses were harmless, in others - brought inevitable death. In this sense, Crimea is a calm region. In stones and under the plaster on old buildings, occasionally meet a small crimean scorpion. Its total length with the "tail" does not exceed 4.5 cm, and the poisonous spike of his Telson (this is so called the bulbous segment at the end of the abdomen, where poisonous glands are placed) is not able to pierce the coarse skin of the sole of a person.

Cuticula of the Crimean Scorpion fluoresce in ultraviolet light. Photo by A. A. Superval IO. V. Kukushkina

IN Karadagsky Reserve Scorpio is known for single finds, but relatively commonly commonly commonly in the drawing of nearby cities - Sudak and Feodosia. Such a scorpion thrust to the ancient port centers is quite explained: quite recently it turned out that the Scorpion was brought from one of the islands of the southern part Aegean SeaApparently, in the era of the ancient Greek colonization of Tar. That's just in the Crimea scientists found him a lot before in their homeland. That is why he is called Crimean. The Karadag Scorpio also arrived "Bare" - most likely from Sevastopol, together with laboratory dishes from the Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas (in the semi-base premises of the first marine aquarium organized by A. Kovalevsky, scorpions are abundant - under the plaster on the walls). It is actively a timid animal at night and feeds on flies and other small invertebrates, which finds the rocks of the walls and cracked rocks. An interesting feature of the biology of scorpions is the protection of the offspring: before the first molting, the female wears his babies on the back. And at this time do not go to her!

Another original Karadaga resident is ordinary Solpuga, or phalanx,- the largest spider-like Crimean fauna. Together with the limbs, it reaches the size of a tea saucer. Solpuga is not a few, lives in stony areas, and it is not easy to find it. But on warm summer evenings, they are found under the lanterns in the village of the Reserve, where they eat hunting for small animals. Despite solid sizes, crazy appearance (which is aggravated by exceptional hairiness) and the presence of huge cushion-like Helvis, the rig is not able to harm a person. Probably, that is why the behavior of solley is often defiantly aggressive. The disturbed animal swinging on long legs, makes skills on the offender and moved by mighty jaws, without exaggeration publishes "brine". Do not pay attention to these advances - there are no poisonous glands from solid. Do not, however, the experiment to try to tease her. Falangi, being very voracious, if you do not eat Padal, and when the bite can be in a wound infection.

Day of the shaggy solid can be found under large stones. Photo L.V. Znamenskaya

Another spider-like would not deserve mention in the guidebook if it were not afraid of the eye so often. This is about false Corpion Book. This tiny, dimensions of no more than 5 mm animal externally really extremely similar to this scorpion, only devoid of "tail" with a poisonous sting. On Karadaga false Corponons They come across not only in nature, but also between the yellowed pages of foliants library T.I. Iziamsky. They feed on the smallest insects. Thus, this is a kind of small guards of a unique collection of books. Interesting feature False Corponon - their tendency to use large flies and beetles as a vehicle. Cooking the clans behind the legs of their winged fellow, they travel widely around the world.

The greatest variety is observed in the detachment of spiders. There are almost 340wides on the Karadag today. On the insufficient studies of the fauna of the Karadaga spiders, the fact that from here still describes new species for science. B2009 in the Karadagsky Reserve was found large (over 1 cm long) representative of the family wolf spiders which is so different from all his fellow that he had to even allocate in an independent human race - deliriosis. It has dwells this unknown science of articular in the wretched generations of natural tractors of the beer near the beginning of the ecological trail and in general, no one was hiding from anyone ...

Now let's talk about the most striking representatives of the many-sided squad of spiders inhabiting Karadag. On the stony slopes, in the pillows of barbed Astragals, you can see the elongated sputum tubes, leaving in the depths of the bush - in the plexus of barbed twigs. It is the clarity of the stroke of quite large pauka-Voronkopdney. If you look at, then in the depths of the funnel noticeably the light gray body of the owner. In the races of rocks by the sea and on the branches of trees are often found huge, with a small walnut spiders-roundups, or crosters. Their networks have a "classic" wheel shape. While walking along the reserve it is easy to make sure that they are so careless that they often braid their own trails. In the steppe areas, large spiders - roundups: striped, precisely wasp, argiop Brunetnikha, with bullet belly, and silver, with festral growths on the shiny poultry, Argiop Preligid.

Argiop Brunetnich is one of the most notable spiders of the Karadag. Photo L.V. Znamenskaya

In herbal tier, very common small spiders-crabs, or blowwaysWith a short angular abdomen and disproportionately long front limbs. Staying in the center of some flower, they lie insects flying to enjoy nectar. In order to mask, some crab spiders change their painting into the round of the environment. All listed types of spiders elected strategy of planting predators. However, many other counterparts are skillful trackers, actively industrial prey. Tarantula And stray wolf spidersreach relatively large sizes, usually hunt on Earth and are great sprints. Spiders - scakugs Take care, sneaking to the extraction of a model and making a lightning distance at the last moment from a distance that seems implausably huge in comparison with more than modest sizes of the very shaggy hunter. Summer more often skumpit turns across the eyes small (less than 1 cm) spider phyelus. With scarlet or bloody-red abdomen. He hunts in the bake - on the rocks hot rocks. Some bumps are capable of "hunting trick": they are not suitable for the seen sacrifice "in the forehead", risking to be discovered, but carefully bypass it and attack the back. Separate species are capable of more meaningful maneuver: envying the sacrifice, they can not only get around it, but also to choose a good place ambushes upstairs, on a stone or branch, and then suddenly jump right on extraction.

Mining of the jumps sometimes become smaller spids of other species. Photo L.V. Znamenskaya

In the houses on the ceilings are often found long-legged anemic house spiderswho are often called senokossey, mistakenly assigning them the name of a completely different animal. Sometimes a large awesome can be visited tehrenarium homemadewhose paws are littered with long soft hairs. These are useful neighbors that save us from annoying insects.

The female spider-wolf with the offspring on the back seems to be destroyed in a black coat. Photo L.V. Znamenskaya

Several types of spiders living on the Karadaga are dangerous for a person. All of them have powerful rhives, easily punishing the skin. Among them are large and movable south Russian Tarantul, spider erezus, whose females have massive addition and reach the size of 2 - 3 cm, as well as subtitle and inseparable, but possessing huge helicers spider chista, often visiting at home. The bites of these spiders are painful, cause a strong local response and feverish state, which is lasting for several days. May result in trouble and spider bite atapus- Representative of an ancient and primitive family located in close relationship with tropical birds-birds. However, all those listed poisonous species are rare, and a meeting with them during a short tour of the Karadaga is almost incredible.

Male Spider-Tolstogol (Erezus) at a danger demonstrates the enemy brightly painted abdomen with the eyes pattern. Photo O. V. Kukushkina

Atapus is a relative of tropical spiders-birds. Photo A.A. Oddon

The only deadly dangerous spider found on the Karadag is karakurt thirteenth deathfrom the family of staggers. The people are sometimes called the "black widow". The fact is that after mating, hungry female often spread with their workers. Karakurt are easily recognizable. Round-egg-shaped abdomen adult females monophonic glossy-black. On its bottom surface there may be a light drawing, resembling hourglass, - if you think about, very symbolic ... In males and young spiders on the black background, the abdomen scattered white with a red point in the center of the eyes. In the district of Karadag, Karakurt dwells constantly, but the number of it is much lower than in Steppe Crimea.where the main foci of spreading this species is located, and where it finds optimal conditions for existence. In addition to the Karadag, Karakurt is found in Koktebel and near Sudak, at Cape Megan. In some years with a favorable spider, the weather is recorded with outbreaks of numbers. Young Karakurt is able to migrate at considerable distances, flying on the spouting threads. On the Karadag, the air "landing" of Karakurt appears in April - May. The pauses "throw anchor" on dry slopes with steppe vegetation (feasts prefer) or in pistachio gentlemen. Especially a lot of them happen in areas, wounded by livestock. In this case, young dooctors settle in cow trails, which are natural traps for insects. There, they build the first loose mesh, in the center of which the hiding host cap is suspended in stretch marks and drums supened insects. Effiguously feeding, spiders grow rapidly and to July reach sexual maturity. In August, females lay eggs, packing them into cocoons (they are usually 4 - 5), and with the first frosts die. The life of the Karakurt is speedless. The kids are experiencing winter in cockcocks and go to the light of God in the spring, after which the cycle is repeated. For a person, the greatest danger represent females that can reach 2 cm, although relatively small males and even young spids are also able to cause serious poisoning. The Karakurt poison has a neurotoxic effect, hitting the nervous system. At the time of the bite, there is a burning pain, soon spreading throughout the body, due to the convulsive cuts of the muscles. chest Arriving arises, the abdominal muscles are intense, as with peritonitis, there are strong mental excitement and an insurmountable fear of death. In the poisoning of moderate severity, the disease lasts a few weeks, in difficult cases during the first two days death occurs due to the paralysis of the respiratory center in the oblong brain. There is a cruel, but simple (which is valuable in the field) and enough effective methodallowing you to mitigate the effects of poisoning. It was recommended in the 1940s after approbation on himself a famous zoologist Professor P.I. Marykovsky, studied poisonous animals Central Asia, Iran and the Caucasus. Two are superimposed into the place of bite the heads - three matches and then set on fire. Poison poison has a protein nature, is introduced shallow (on half a million) and, therefore, it can be decomposed thermally in force 1. However, this measure is effective only in the first 2nd - 3 minutes after the bite. Later this prefigure help It will be relevant, since most of the poison will have time to suck in the bloodstream. It is difficult to understand why this small spider, eating beetles and locust, need poison so monstrous power. According to one of the versions, this powerful weapon allows the Karakurt to capture rodent holes. The man gets into trouble mainly on carelessness. People walk along the steppe barefoot and happen, occur on the Karakurt. At the same time, the moment of bite can remain unnoticed. After all, in the steppe so many barns ...

The lair females of the Karakurt on the Karagach Ridge in the Karagagsky Reserve. Spanish cocoons and remnants of the victims of the predator in size to the beetle-deer. Photo O. V. Kukushkina

1 specifically emphasize: when bite poisonous snake The cavity is completely useless and even harmful!

A source : Kukushkin O.V., Cowbluk N.M. Multalone and spider-shaped // Karadag Reserve: Scientific and popular essays / ed. A.L. Morozova. - Simferopol: N. Orіanda, 2011. - P. 105-111.

Spider-wolf

Spider-wolf

What unusual names do not meet in nature, including animal names and insects. So here, spider and wolf, two completely different natural creatures, now stand next to each other, denoting a completely specific representative of the spider-shaped.

Spider-wolf, belongs to the family of araneomorphic, numbering 2367 species, which are combined in 116 genera.

Spider Wolf (Lycosidae)

Is there a wolf?

The spider-wolf looks like any average spider representative: headband, belly, 8 eyes, which, by the way, in contrast to many other types of spiders are able to see over 20 centimeters at a distance, but not very clearly distinguish objects, developed limbs to whom the males Attract the female. Well developed by spider-wolf smell. The females are larger and brighter males, the forelimbs are less developed. The color is most often dark, black, brown or dark gray, rarely meet lighter spiders. As the spider is growing up, he lines. The life expectancy of spiders depends on their size, those spiders, which is more larger, live, as a rule, longer. Pregnant females and small spiders can be permitted.

What is how to live like children raise

Wolf spiders perform love serenades

Scientists have discovered that one of the types of wolf spiders - Gladicosa Gulosa - purr, as a cat when it comes to courtship after the opposite sex.

When arthropods were on a granite or wooden surface or on Earth, vibrations passed almost silently, but on the leaves of trees, as well as on a sheet of paper or parchment, the sound was spelled quite loud to transmitted by air.

"Spiders have special sense authorities located in their paws," explains IIC. - They are called Sensillas and are in the area of \u200b\u200bthe knees - the spiders are also hearing. "
Researchers hope to find out how spiders have adapted to sing through forest litter. Such behavior can be a very early evolutionary example of using primitive sound for intraspecific communication.

The results of the study were presented during the annual meeting of the American acoustic society in Pittsburgh.

Used sources.

Spiders-wolves are quite large representatives of spiders belonging to the Lycosidae family (class of spider-shaped, spider detachment). They are common at all continents with the exception of Antarctica, but more often found in countries with a warm climate.

These are the leading single lifestyle of predators who do not use a cobweb to catch. Their, like wolves, in the hunt feed legs.

Description of spider

Appearance

The family includes more than two thousand species of spiders. The dimensions of the largest representatives of the family exceed 3 cm. Females are usually the smallest males. Spiders-wolves are hairy, usually gray, brown or black brown color, often with a pattern of stains. They, like all spiders, eight limbs, and the body consists of pitchflows and the abdomen. All abdomen is covered with hair, and on the front legs three cogging.

These spiders have eight eyes located in three rows. There are three tiny eyes in front, in the second row - two large, and behind - three medium-sized eyes.

It is believed that spiders-wolves, unlike other types of spiders, is very good visionhelps them with hunting.

Food and lifestyle

Wolf spiders - predators. They feed on the blues, mosquitoes and flies and their larvae, many spiders wolves willingly eat bugs. Spiders hunt on Earth. Often they can be found in the forest litter. Usually they move along the surface of the soil, only individual individuals climb on the plants.

W. different species Various hunting strategies. Some spiders are actively hunting in a bright day of day, others are looking for prey at night, and in the afternoon they are sitting in recesses lined with web. Some types of wolf spiders build a hole and attack the extraction of ambush. Stray views are attacking the extraction of the jump, and then devour it, holding the front limbs.

Reproduction

Species living in moderate climates, fall in summer, and tropical species multiply round year. At first, the male tries that the female noticed him. For this, he moves in a special way with his front limbs, approaching it slowly. If the female shows favor, turns to the male and folds the forefinders together. On them, the male climbs the female on his back, and mating begins. Introduces cum into the genitals females with the help of a special organ located in the second pair of limbs - pedipalpa.

After fertilization, the female is looking for a secluded place. There she is weeping a ball cocoon where the eggs are laying. Cocoon Wolf's female for a few weeks is wearing on its own body, where it is attached to the tip of the abdomen with a spinning body. The rate of development of eggs depends on the temperature, so the future mother begins to spend a lot of time in the sun, and not to hide in the day as before. When the eggs leave the eggs, then the mother breaks the cocoon with its powerful jaws-helixers, and they are afraid to go to her back. The very first spider leaves upon leaving a cocoon a web, according to which all his brothers and sisters are closed on Mom.

Before his first molting, they do not get from the back of the mother and do not eat anything. Then the female finds a suitable raw shaded place, packed down to the ground and begin to live on their own.

The value of wolf spiders for nature and man

Spiders-wolves are weakly poisonous, but their bite, as a rule, is not dangerous for a person. Because of the size and gray-brown color, they are sometimes confused with very poisonous, but they differ in many signs, for example, on the back of a spider-hermit there is a characteristic spot in the form of a violin, and there are no such spots of such stains. It also distinguishes their number of eyes (spiders-wolves eight eyes, and spiders are six) and hairy abdomen.

Spiders-wolves are usually non-aggressive and the first do not attack a person, but if they constantly disturb them, can and bite. The bites of some tropical species can cause long-term pain, dizziness, nausea. The bite scene swells. In this case, you need to consult a doctor.

Bite of wolf spiders living in Russia, for a person is not dangerous.

In rare cases, itching or irritation may occur. If a spider-wolf was bitten, the place of bite should be washed with warm water with soap, and then apply a cool compress. If the branched place itches, you can try to mix drinking soda with water and impose a mixture into the place of bite.

These arthropods play an important role in the ecosystem, since they destroy various harmful insects. If the wolf spiders settled in your garden or in the garden, do not hurry to destroy them. They bite them rarely, the danger of their bite almost does not represent, and the benefits can bring great.

Andrktonus Tolstooth is one of the most common species of poisonous scorpions that live in shrubs and deserts. Interesting information about this animal can be found by reference.

Interesting Facts

When the female spider wolf hatches the eggs, it spends very much time in the sun, since the eggs are developing faster when high temperatures. Due to dehydration, it sometimes loses up to 30% of its weight! But the maternal instinct is stronger, and the female suffers these torments for the sake of offspring.
If females take the cocoon with eggs, then she will experience anxiety for a few more hours and wander around the place where she took the cocoon in search of her offspring. The female, which took the cocoon, can carry a piece of cotton and even plasticine instead. The case is known when the female of the riparia riparia, a small look, began to enter the cocoon much more large view Parisa Amenta, which was four times more her own!
The nervous system of wolf spiders is one of the most developed among all types of spiders. This is due to their rather difficult lifestyle - the need to hunt extraction, complex wedding rituals and the process of tooling offspring.
In case of danger, spider-wolves are pretending to be dead. They press all paws under themselves and lie still, waiting for the danger of attention.

Spider-wolf got his name for a kind of hunting manner. It does not use a network-web for catching insects.

The predator is satisfied with the real hunt, delaying and killing prey, like her thesis.

Spider Lycosidae.

The arachnology calls these Lycosidae spiders - latin name Wolf.

Block: 1/2 | Number of characters: 281

External structure Spider-sifted. Spiders have a body divided into departments:

elongated headband;
wide abdomen.

Between two parts of the body is a narrow hauling. Headband is equipped with vision and digestion. Spiders have several simple eyes (from 2 to 12), providing a circular review.

Solid curved jaws grow on the sides of the mouth - helicers. They predator grabs his sacrifice. Helicers are equipped with ducts with poison, which is injected into the body at the time of the bite. The first pair of limbs is to protect during the attack.

Rota apparatus of spiderman complements the second pair - nudobupaltsy. They hold a sacrifice during meals. They also perform the function of the touch bodies. Roth tentacles are covered by many villi. The hairs are sensitive to the slightest vibrations of the surface and air, help spider to navigate in space, feel the approach of other creatures.

Wolf Spider Features

The arachnologists relates them to aranomorphic, Entelegynae. Family of wolf spiders is very numerous: more than 2,300 species divided into 116 genera.

South Russian Tarantul

South Russian tarantula, otherwise called the Crimean Spider-Wolf, is most common from wolf spiders in Russia.

Insectivorous predators live and hunt alone, approaching only for breeding.

Prefer a nightlife, but they can hunt in the afternoon. Live in Norah, laying out them with their web. For the hunt of the web is not used, spiders prefer to attack the extraction, arms and catching it up.

They run very quickly. This contributes to the structure of spider legs consisting of six joints. The surface of the limbs is covered with hairs that helps with hunting. Three claws ending with the front paws, also help keep prey.

You may also be interested in our article: Giant crab-spider, appearance and danger to humans

Exterior signs

Describing how the spider-wolf looks like, immediately mention its sizes and masking color. This is quite large arthropods.

Females can reach a length of 35 mm. The males are inferior to them in size, not exceeding 20 mm. All individuals have hair cover.

The masking color is the protection of these spider-shaped. Color varies depending on the habitat. It can be gray, black, brown-brown paints, but always in dark colors.

Spider-wolf in black color

Light color is rare. This allows spiders to disguise on the ground, just having fading in place with signs of danger.

Sexual dimorphism

This family of arthropods is easily distinguished by male and female individuals, as sexual differences are noticeably expressed:

Female spider-wolf is noticeably larger than the male.
The males color is darker than the females.
The front paws of males are longer and powerful than in females.

Torch structure

The structure of arthropods is very simple: the torso consists of puments and the abdomen. There are breathing, tangles, smell, nutrition.

Taurus Wolf Spider

Motor extremities are fixed here. In the abdominal cavity there are internal systems of vital activity.

When the spider is growing, it mests and builds a new cover of larger size. The blood in the artistic body replaces the hemolymph, circulating between the internal organs.

It is usually colorless and transparent, but when the individual is out of the outdoor, the blue color becomes.

Special attention should be paid to how much eye of a spider-wolf. Eight eyes are different in size and location.

Eye Location

Two large eyes are located in the center, slightly higher on the sides - two eyes, medium in size, and at the bottom of two pairs of tiny, side eyes are located.

Life cycle leakage

Duration life cycle Different types of wolf spiders differ. It depends on the sizes of arthropods.

The duration of the life of spiders-wolves is in the range of from 6-12 months for small species up to three years for large varieties. IN winter hibernation females waiting for offspring and young individuals.

Faulting process

The marriage games of this type of arthropods are possible only in a warm time, so spiders living in a moderate climate will fall in the summer months.

In hot countries, breeding is possible in any season. The initiator of the pairing process is the male.

To interest the opposite sex, the male uses its long front paws.

The marriage ritual is a uncomfortable male approaching the female on the rear legs. He shake front paws in order to interest the partner.

The process of pairing spiders

If the female agrees to pairing, she unfolds to him with a belly and helps him climb on her back, folding the front paws.

Growing offspring

The cultivation of a new generation fully falls on the female of the Wolf Spider. After fertilization, it prepares a special cocoon for egg laying, gossiping it from a web.

After the eggs fall into the cocoon, the female turns its extra web for strengthening.

Pouchikha with her cocoon

The spherical tangle is securely fixed at the end of the abdominal cavity, and the female does not part with it until the appearance is paucked.

The process of ripening eggs takes two or three weeks. Accelerates the ripening process heat, so the female, contrary to the usual lifestyle, often crashes under the sun's rays.

This leads to evaporation of moisture from its body and weight loss up to 30%.

Mother feels when the spiders begin to hatch. Then she dumps the cocoon and destroys it with heliters. The number of newborns varies from different species from 40 to 100.

Spider-wolf with his pachechants

Newborn spids are closed on the mother's abdomen. With a large number of them, they are placed in several layers, leaving only the eyes of the pachecheki.

On the body of the female spider-wolf pachechats will live until they are growing enough for self-producing food.

In most cases, the female after concern for the cultivation of offspring dies due to exhaustion. Only the most endless and large individuals survive.

Wolve Spiders

These insectivore predators are able to hunt and at night, depending on the species. Developed vision allows them to notice production from 25-30 cm.

Spider Wolf with prey

Helps and excellent sense of smell.

Spiders are capable of how to catch up with a deprived sacrifice, and arrange an ambush, suddenly jumping into extraction.

Spider prepared for attack

For capture, they use powerful front limbs with curls.

The prey of these representatives of arthropods become insects of small sizes.

What the spider-wolf eat:

forest bugs;
beetles;
inlet;
crickets;
caterpillars;
spiders of small species;
cicadas;
flies;
insect larvae;
mosquitoes, etc.

Pegging for wolf spiders serve pests of crops. Agrotechnics highly appreciate their role in maintaining the equilibrium of the ecological system.

The family of wolf spiders is resettled everywhere, with the exception of ice. The preference of arthropods gives hot latitudes, it is there that the most varieties of wolf spiders are found.

Peeling spider-wolf

But in the cold climate conditions, they are able to live and multiply.

They arrange their holes among the stones, in shrubs, in the grass, among the roots of trees, under fallen foliage - almost in any terrain. They love humidity, so if possible, they will be pulled down to the water bodies, in the shade, where the soil retains moisture.

Danger for man

Spider-wolf, photo and description of the species of which is in the article, is not able to cause a person significant harm. These spiders try to avoid contact with man.

But even if the person was bruiting, harm would limit himself to redness, itching, short-term pain.

More dangerous tropical species of arthropods, whose bite causes serious discomfort and requires access to the doctor.

Conclusion

People who do not know what the spider-wolf looks often take them behind poisonous spiders and kill.

But experienced daches know about the benefits that insectivaous spiders can bring them to landing, and try not to destroy them.

It is enough not to take Lycosidae in your hands, so as not to be branched, and then the neighborhood with the spider-wolf will only benefit.

Video: Spider Wolf. # Talking insects

Block: 2/2 | Number of characters: 7231
Source: https://dezbox.ru/dezinsekciya/pauk-volk/

The inner structure of spider-shaped

Breath:pulmonary bags + tracheas that have a way out on the babies in the form of special breathing holes.

Circulatory system:unlocked - the heart is a muscular bag that swings blood into the vessels.

Digestive system + selection system: As we said, spine digestion is external, i.e. The food is already semi-earned food.

rota apparatus → Esword → Stomach → Rear

Options: 1) Cloaca - the final part of the render, the isolation body and the withdrawal of the genital ducts.

2) Malpigoy vessels

Nervous system: Sealing nervous knot + brain + nerves.

Touch bodies - Hair on the body, on the legs, almost all bodies of spider-shaped, there are sense of smell and taste, but the most interesting spider is eyes.

The eyes are not facet, like many arthropods, but simple, but there are several pieces of them - from 2 to 12 pieces. At the same time, the spiders of miniatures - in the distance they do not see, but the large number of eyes provides an overview of 360 °.

Sex system:

1) Spiders separatogs; The female is clearly larger than the male.

2) lay eggs, but many vivigious species.

Scorpions and ticks also include spiders. Pliers are much easier arranged, they are one of the primitive representatives of Helicar.

Block: 2/3 | Number of characters: 1296

For some reason, in the minds of many people, a stereotype was rooted that all spiders weave the web. More precisely, they cannot live without it and only so capable of catching their victims. Well, the spider wolf will be able to dispel this prejudice.

And if it is externally, this wonderful creation is not very different from its relatives, then its habits and hunting tactics deserve special attention. After all, no wonder of this predator is the name of the Spider-Wolf, and now we will explain why.

Family with many types

It should be started with the fact that all people somehow came across this spider, because his habitat is truly huge. Yes, and what is surprised here, because this moment Scientists opened more than two thousand species, which in all their signs relate to the family of wolf spiders. So, they can be found like North Americaand in Western Siberia.

But, despite the fact that they are divided by a distance of thousands of kilometers, their habits are very similar. Therefore, they had one overall ancestor, which became afficient for all existing species.

Wolf Spider Description

To be honest, it's quite difficult to give general description Total look. After all, each representative of the family of spiders-wolves has its external differences. And yet, certain patterns can be removed.

So, these arthropods have a dark gray color. The brightness and depth of color can vary greatly depending on which zone these spiders live. Otherwise, the masking of the spider would not be able to give him an advantage over the victim.

One more distinctive feature This family is legs. Since the spider-wolf is often moved from place to place, its paws have a well-developed musculature. Therefore, on the background of his body, his legs look very impressive.

Name history

Now let's talk about where the name goes from. After all, you agree, just like such names do not give. Well, the answer lies in the behavior of the spider, which is very reminded by the hawks of the wolf.

These creatures do not fly networks, nature gave them a completely different hunting mechanism. So, the spider-wolf arranges ambushes, of which will attack their victims. It may be his own Nora or another dark place.

And yet, I was not even because of this by the wolf. The truth is that this spider does not sit for a long time in one place, like a real wolf, he travels from one territory to another in search of profit. If he finds a malicious place, then it settles there, but it stands behind the food flow to stop as he immediately begins to look for another shelter.

Spider-wolf: Is it a poisonous?

To suppress the will of their victims, the wolves use poison capable of paralyzing them. But his power is not too big, even by the standards of the animal world. Therefore, this predator rarely attacks mining, which surpasses him in physical strength or sizes.

Tarantula is most dangerous. This spider lives in almost all corners of the globe, including in Russia. And although his poison is able to cause severe pain, cause nausea and dizziness, to death, his bite has never led to a lethal.

The character of wolf spiders

Despite its terrible name, these creatures have a good temper. They are hunting exclusively for the sake of food, and therefore very rarely attack in cases where they are already fed.

They do not attack the person, if he, of course, does not start teasing a spider. Also, the animal may behave aggressively during the pairing, but the wines - an excess of hormones in the blood. In most cases, the spider will prefer to escape from the aggressor, rather than join it into battle. Due to the fact that they often change the habitat, they have no special feelings.

The day of the spider-wolf prefers to relax inside his asylum or somewhere in the shade, since the excess heat is bad for him. But if there is cool weather on the street, he can start hunting even among the White Day.

Building "Domok"

Spider-wolf can settle both in the finished hole, so dig one's own. Despite the fact that this creature is leading a nomadic lifestyle, he is not alien to him. So, settled in new houseHe starts to equip it under him.

First of all, he flies signal networks near the entrance, so that they admitted it about the approach of mining or enemy. He also envelops the web wall inside the nest. It is necessary in order for vibrations from signal threads to be transmitted to Noura even in those moments when the spider rests.

Master Putin

Let these spiders do not fly, they still skillfully use the cobweb. In their arsenal there are several techniques that even soldiers of elite units may envy.

For example, a spider-wolf can attach a small amount of web to its paws in order to increase the grip with the ground. Thanks to this, he can make sharp jumps and lunges more accurately.

Or he can attach a web to his rear, so that it is quick to get to the holes quickly. Such a protective mechanism strongly helps in cases where the victim turns out to be much stronger than the spider was originally intended.

Marriage

Pairing the wolf spiders takes place in the warm period of the year. At the same time, the pair breaks up immediately after the conception of the offspring.

The female spider-wolf hatches all the offspring on their own. It is surprising that she always carries a cocoon with me. And if you pick it up, she will search for it for several days. And if another female will meet on her way, then the first can pick up the children by force.

Also, during the nagging of the offspring of Pouchikha, nothing eats anything, so after the children go in adulthood, she dies. Although large and strong individuals can withstand such a long period without food without loosing so much so as not to be able to hunt again.