What is a protectorate: examples from history. What is a protectorate past and present? What is protectorate
lat. Protector - patron)
1. A form of dependence, mainly colonial, established as a result of an unequal treaty.
2. State or territory that is in such dependence.
3. The form of government in England in 1653-1659, when the republic was headed by a life-long Lord Protector.
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PROTECTORATE
literally - patronage) - a form of international dependence of a state, established by an unequal agreement, according to which one state, the "protector", determines foreign policy another, "protected" state. The latter obeys the protector not only in the field of external relations, but also usually accepts from him an adviser or resident for internal affairs, depriving in essence of any independence whatsoever.
Financial capital, ch. arr. colonial powers, in order to extract maximum profit, seeks to subjugate and enslave other countries and peoples. “Financial capital is such a large, one might say, decisive force in all economic and in all international relationsthat it is able to subjugate and in fact subordinates even states enjoying complete political independence ... But, of course, the greatest "convenience" and the greatest benefits are given to financial capital by such subordination, which is associated with the loss of political independence by the subordinate countries and peoples "(Lenin V. I., Soch., V. 22, pp. 246-247). One of such forms of international dependence is P. The establishment of P. is a violation of the generally recognized principles of modern international law. It contradicts the right of nations to self-determination, enshrined in The UN Charter is a deal between imperialist states and the reactionary, usually feudal forces of "protected" states to the detriment of the national interests and development of the peoples of these countries. P. is widely used by the largest colonial powers - Great Britain and France. Under British P. are some states in Asia (Coveit, Oman and some Malay states) and Africa (Zanzibar). Morocco and Tunisia are part of France.
During the period of the general crisis of capitalism, especially at its second stage, the position of the world capitalist system became sharply complicated. As a result of the Second World War and a new upsurge in the national liberation struggle in the colonial and dependent countries, the colonial system of imperialism is actually disintegrating.
The national liberation movement is growing in Burma, Malaya, the Philippines, Indonesia, India, Iran, Egypt and other countries, including the states under P. In the struggle for their independence against the imperialist invaders, the colonial peoples use, in particular, and such forms as, for example, the Appeal of the peoples of Morocco and Tunisia to the 6th session of the General Assembly (1951) with complaints against the French colonialists.
The Soviet Union, which upholds the principle of self-determination of nations up to the formation of an independent state and believes that a nation is sovereign and all nations are equal, has a sharply negative attitude towards Poland as one of the forms of enslavement of peoples by imperialist states. The USSR defends the just demands of dependent peoples for their independence.
Excellent definition
Incomplete definition ↓
Protectorate
Protectorate
a form of colonial dependence, in which the dependent state retains only some independence in internal affairs, while its external relations, defense and a number of other functions are carried out by the metropolitan state. At the same time, the protected state receives an adviser or head (resident) for internal affairs. In the history of international relations, it is often established by a unilateral act. Thus, Great Britain in 1914, through a unilateral declaration, established a protectorate over Egypt, which was actually occupied by it since 1882. In 1939, Hitlerite Germany established a protectorate over the Czech Republic and Moravia, which in fact became victims of fascist aggression. As a tribute to tradition, the protectorate of Italy over San Marino (since 1862), Switzerland over Liechtenstein (since 1924) is preserved in Europe. Other examples of protectorate: Morocco (1912–56), Kuwait (1899–1961), Swaziland (1903–68), etc.
Geography. A modern illustrated encyclopedia. - M .: Rosman. Edited by prof. A.P. Gorkina. 2006 .
See what "protectorate" is in other dictionaries:
- (new lat., from protector protector, patron). 1) dignity, dignity of the protector, such as Cromwell protectorate. 2) assistance provided by one state to another, less powerful. Dictionary of foreign words included in the Russian language ... Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language
protectorate - a, m. protectorat m., eng. protektorate, it. Protektorat. 1. A form of one-man dictatorship exercised by a person who rules the state for the heir to the throne of majority or under special circumstances. BAS 1. Cromwell Protectorate in England ... Historical Dictionary gallicisms of the Russian language
- (protectorate) 1. Form of government in England in 1653-59, when Oliver Cromwell appointed himself Lord Protector (1653-58), and for a time under his son Richard, who became his successor. 2. A state under a protectorate ... ... Political science. Dictionary.
In the XIX first half of the XX century. form of semi-colonial dependence of states. The Protector State usually assumed such spheres of state activity as foreign relations, the supreme military command, justice, collection of some ... ... Legal Dictionary
One of the forms of state dependence, in which the protected state retains some independence in internal affairs, and its foreign relations, defense, etc. are carried out by the metropolitan state ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary
PROTECTORATE, protectorate, husband. (from Latin protector patron). A form of colonial enslavement, in which the supreme control in a colonial country that formally retains its previous state structure and its own administration ... ... Dictionary Ushakova
PROTECTORAT, ah, husband. (specialist.). 1. A form of dependence, at the same time a weak country, while formally retaining its state structure and a certain independence in internal affairs, is actually subordinate to another, stronger power. 2. Country, ... ... Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary
- (from Lat. protector covering, protecting) eng. protectorat; German Protectorat. 1. Dominance established as a result of an unequal treaty and characterized by persistence in a dependent country external signs statehood under ... ... Encyclopedia of Sociology
Ex., Number of synonyms: 2 state (36) protection (2) ASIS synonym dictionary. V.N. Trishin. 2013 ... Synonym dictionary
protectorate - The form of colonial dependence of states, in which the state protector carries out foreign relations and decides other important issues of the policy of the subordinate state ... Geography Dictionary
Protectorate - (from Latin protector, protector; English protectorate) 1) in international law originally based on an international treaty legal relationship, by virtue of which between strong and weak states were established special mutual ... ... Encyclopedia of Law
Books
- Our new protectorate. Description of the geographical, ethnographic and economic properties of Turkish Asia. Translation from English. , McCoan Carlisle. The book is a reprinted edition of 1884. Despite the fact that serious work has been done to restore the original quality of the publication, on some pages ...
- (new lat., from protector protector, patron). 1) dignity, dignity of the protector, such as Cromwell protectorate. 2) assistance provided by one state to another, less powerful. Dictionary of foreign words included in the Russian language ... Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language
protectorate - a, m. protectorat m., eng. protektorate, it. Protektorat. 1. A form of one-man dictatorship exercised by a person who rules the state for the heir to the throne of majority or under special circumstances. BAS 1. Cromwell Protectorate in England ... Historical Dictionary of Russian Gallicisms
- (protectorate) 1. Form of government in England in 1653-59, when Oliver Cromwell appointed himself Lord Protector (1653-58), and for a time under his son Richard, who became his successor. 2. A state under a protectorate ... ... Political science. Dictionary.
In the XIX first half of the XX century. form of semi-colonial dependence of states. The Protector State usually assumed such spheres of state activity as foreign relations, the supreme military command, justice, collection of some ... ... Legal Dictionary
One of the forms of state dependence, in which the protected state retains some independence in internal affairs, and its foreign relations, defense, etc. are carried out by the metropolitan state ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary
PROTECTORATE, protectorate, husband. (from Latin protector patron). A form of colonial enslavement, in which the supreme control in a colonial country that formally retains its previous state structure and its own administration ... ... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary
PROTECTORAT, ah, husband. (specialist.). 1. A form of dependence, at the same time a weak country, while formally retaining its state structure and a certain independence in internal affairs, is actually subordinate to another, stronger power. 2. Country, ... ... Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary
- (from lat.protector, covering, protecting) eng. protectorat; German Protectorat. 1. Dominance established as a result of an unequal treaty and characterized by the preservation of external signs of statehood in a dependent country under ... ... Encyclopedia of Sociology
Ex., Number of synonyms: 2 state (36) protection (2) ASIS synonym dictionary. V.N. Trishin. 2013 ... Synonym dictionary
protectorate - The form of colonial dependence of states, in which the state protector carries out foreign relations and decides other important issues of the policy of the subordinate state ... Geography Dictionary
Protectorate - (from Lat. protector, protector; English protectorate) 1) in international law, a legal relationship originally based on an international treaty, by virtue of which special mutual ... ... were established between strong and weak states. Encyclopedia of Law
Books
- Our new protectorate. Description of the geographical, ethnographic and economic properties of Turkish Asia. Translation from English. , McCoan Carlisle. The book is a reprinted edition of 1884. Despite the fact that serious work has been done to restore the original quality of the publication, on some pages ...
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Protectorate
protectorate in the crossword dictionary
protectorate
Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. D.N. Ushakov
protectorate
protectorate, m. (from Latin protector - patron). The form of colonial enslavement, with a cut, the supreme control in a colonial country, which formally retains its previous state structure and its own administration, belongs to someone. imperialist state.
Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. S.I.Ozhegov, N.Yu.Shvedova.
protectorate
A, m. (Special).
A form of dependence, with a weak country, while formally maintaining its state structure and some independence in internal affairs, is actually subordinate to another, stronger power.
A country in such dependence. On the territory of the protectorate.
New explanatory and derivational dictionary of the Russian language, T. F. Efremova.
protectorate
A form of subordination of a weak state to a stronger one, in which the weak state loses its independence.
A form of sole dictatorship exercised by a person who rules the state until the heir to the throne comes of age or under special circumstances.
A state under the supreme control of another country.
Encyclopedic Dictionary, 1998
protectorate
one of the forms of state dependence, in which the protected state retains some independence in internal affairs, and its external relations, defense, etc. carried out by the metropolitan state.
Big Law Dictionary
protectorate
in the XIX - first half of the XX century. form of semi-colonial dependence of states. The Protector State usually took upon itself such spheres of state activity as foreign relations, the high military command, justice, and the collection of certain taxes. P. was often only a transitional stage to complete colonial dependence. Nazi Germany established its own P. in Bohemia, Moravia, and Slovakia after subjecting them to military occupation. At present, P. (as well as other forms of colonial dependence) does not exist.
Protectorate (disambiguation)
Protectorate :
- A protectorate is a form of interstate relations in which one country recognizes the supreme sovereignty of another, primarily in international relations, while maintaining autonomy in internal affairs and its own dynasty of rulers.
- Protectorate is the name of some dependent states, colonies and occupied territories.
- Protectorate is a period in the history of England from 1653 to 1659.
Protectorate
Protectorate another state. A protected state is also called a protectorate. The state exercising the protectorate is called the protector. At the same time, the sovereignty of the defended state is partially delegated to the protector: the defended state is not completely sovereign in foreign policy, with almost complete preservation of sovereignty in internal affairs (in particular, the form of government is preserved and, for example, its own dynasty of rulers). The Protectorate has common features with a vassal state and a puppet state, but different from them.
Examples of protectorate:
- Protectorates Ottoman Empire in the 16th-19th centuries: the Crimean Khanate, Algeria, Tripolitania under a protectorate;
- Rzeczpospolita in 1775 - 1791,
- Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti in 1786 - 1801 under the protectorate of Russia;
- India of the Great Mughals in 1803 - 1858 under the protectorate of Great Britain;
- Younger zhuz of the Kazakh Khanate under the protectorate of the Russian Empire
Bahrain, Bechuanaland (modern Botswana), Aden, Uganda and others were also British protectorates.
After the First World War, a special type of protectorate arose - the mandate territory of the League of Nations. Unlike a protectorate state, a mandated state was limited by an obligation to the League of Nations; some of the territories under the mandate had virtually no sovereignty in internal affairs and were completely ruled by the mandated state. These were: Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Transjordan, Iraq, Togo, Cameroon, Southwest Africa, Rwanda-Urundi, Tanganyika, Marshall Islands, Western Samoa, Nauru.
The Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia in 1939-1945, depending on Germany, despite its name, was de facto a classic puppet state. Karachay in 1828-1834 under the protectorate of Russia, and from 1834-1865.
At present, “associated states” are a kind of analogue of the protectorate.
Examples of the use of the word protectorate in literature.
Unfortunately, the Empire became a republic, and Ronald Morrison offered his services to the Yemeni border, which separated this medieval land from the Aden protectorate.
Only thanks to the Marxist-Leninist line of our party Albania did not and never will protectorate Russians or anyone else.
West Africa, washed Atlantic Ocean Bern, the capital of Switzerland Burton, a bay on Lake Tanganyika, Bechuanaland in Africa, protectorate UK in South Africa, now - the state of Botswana Bilaspur, a state in India, on the Deccan plateau Burma, a state in Southeast Asia off the coast of the Bay of Bengal and the Andaman Sea.
The laughing ghoul was dragged into some basement, from which the powerful snoring of an unknown beast was heard, and, blocking it, the brontosaurus Gugutse yelled something about the Red Book, under protectorate which is.
African possessions of Spain and protectorates Ifni, Rio de Oro and Fernando Po, the Canary and Balearic Islands, with the exception of Menorca, fell into the hands of the Moors and a foreign legion, raised by traitorous generals to revolt against the government of the Spanish Republic.
Probably if English protectorate lasted for some time and the Ionian Islands would not have become part of the Hellenic kingdom, all the streets of Corfu would have been filled with statues of the governors of these islands.
True, it cost the Czechs quite dearly - a lot of hostages, Lidice - but didn't Heydrich hate the whole protectorate, didn't any inhabitant of Prague wish him death?
Mazepa, supporters of the independence of Ukraine under protectorate Poland or Sweden.
Moreover, it is a great historical happiness that Tolstoyism did not take root in our country, otherwise we would, at best, slide down to the era of Vladimir Monomakh, as it happened in Iran, to our own style, and in the worst case, we would turn into Franco-Anglo-German protectoratelike China during the decline of the Manchu dynasty, from where bread and oil would be exported to the metropolis, and opium and chewing gum would be imported.
By and large he does nothing more than place the existing utilitarian ethics under protectorate categorical imperative.
If the Fijians ultimately decided to submit to the British protectorate, then only because in 1859 they were threatened by the invasion of the Tongans, which the United Kingdom prevented by sending here the notorious Pritchard, the very Pritchard who operated in Tahiti.
They wanted to convince the sultan to hold elections, give the monarchy a modern look, abandon protectorate and grant Brunei independence.
Greenland tank divisions, made up partly of the legendary Russian T-72 vehicles, partly of the invulnerable to missile weapons Salvarsan self-propelled guns, the eternal ice of the Robson Strait crawled heavily, overcame these two Danish miles, if you count in the old way, and if in the present, then twenty kilometers - and entered the meager soil of Ellesmere Island, which the simple-minded Canadians for some reason not only considered their territory, but in general they laughed at the Greenlandic threats to delay not only the ancient Inuit Ellesmere, not only all the so-called islands of the so-called Queen Elizabeth, but also Baffin's Land up to the Hudson Strait inclusively - if Canada decides to resist, then occupy it all to Alaska and to Vancouver and turn into Greenlandic protectorate.
If Brukhovetsky refuses, then Doroshenko thinks under the protection of the Turkish protectorate to extract the Left-Bank Ukraine by war, but he, Mazepa, in fact, is against such a plan.
A few days ago, Canaris accompanied Hitler on his trip to the capital of the new protectorate.
How many people know what a protectorate is? Probably not so much already. Indeed, today this word is practically not used, except perhaps in historical films and books. However, even some 200 years ago, everyone knew its meaning. And therefore, let us and we plunge into the depths of history and try to understand what a protectorate is.
A special form of government
A protectorate is a special one in which one country recognizes the supremacy of another. And although at the same time the former retains most of its rights and powers, its sovereignty is no longer considered absolute.
A semi-colonial form of government is what a protectorate is. If we analyze the internal structure of such relations, then states are divided into two categories: protectorate (dependent country) and protector (dominant power).
What can be the relationship between such states?
To begin with, the state-protector (from the Latin protector - defender) takes responsibility for the future of another country. In this regard, a number of powers are transferred to him, allowing him to manage both internal and external policies of the protectorate. Moreover, most important decisions in the protectorate were made only with the permission of the Lord Protector.
As for the subordinate state, it functions on the basis of autonomy. That is, it has its own power, culture and economy. And minor problems and political issues can be solved without the permission of the protector.
Examples of what a protectorate is in history
For the first time this form of government appeared in the middle of the 17th century, in England. It was then that the title of Lord Protector was introduced in this country. However, the heyday of the era of protectorates fell in the XVIII-XIX centuries, when Europe began to colonize countries in Africa and Asia. For example, Madagascar (1885-1896) was a French protectorate. Korea was also well aware of what a protectorate was, since for 5 years (from 1905 to 1910) it was under the yoke of Japan.