Exciting history quests. Interesting questions and assignments for extracurricular work in history. I. Introduction by the teacher
Purpose of the game: to develop interest in native history, in the past of Russia.
The game involves two teams:
1st team - "Archaeologists";
2nd team - "Restorers".
Epigraph to the game:
History does not tolerate frivolity
This folk path is difficult
Her blood-stained pages
Can't love with thoughtless love
And not to love without memory is impossible.
Yaroslav Smelyakov
Game progress
I. Introductory speech of the teacher.
Dear Guys! Today we go to wonderful world stories. You have already got acquainted with the "timeline", with the history of the emergence of the calendar, writing, various things that we use now. Today we gathered for the game "Happy Accident". The theme of the game is history.
Your task is to remember everything you have studied and read earlier and to protect the honor of your team.
I represent the commands:
1st team - "Archaeologists".
2nd team - "Restorers".
Who are archaeologists? Restorers?
These wonderful words of Yaroslav Smelyakov will be the epigraph of the game. (The teacher reads an epigraph written on a board or poster.)
Questions to the first team.
1. A time span of 100 years. (Century)
2. 1564 - the beginning of book printing in Russia. What age is this? (16th century)
3. What was the name of the first man's house? (Cave.)
4. What century are you living in? (21 century.)
5. What were the rulers of Egypt called? (Pharaoh.)
6. What is a zipun? (Clothing.)
7. Obverse of the coin. (Obverse.)
8. What are hieroglyphs? ( Egyptian signs for writing.)
9. In 988, Prince Vladimir Krasnoe Solnyshko baptized Rus. What century was it? (10th century)
10. Material for writing from reed sheets. (Papyrus.)
Questions to the second team.
1. Time span of 12 months (Year.)
2. 1380 - this year the Battle of Kulikovo took place. What age is this? (14th century)
3. Palace and fortress of very rich people of the Middle Ages. (Lock.)
4. In what century were your parents born? (20th century.)
5. Who ruled in Russia? (King.)
6. What is a wardrobe? (A piece of furniture.)
7. Reverse side of the medal. (Reverse.)
8. What are the names of the signs for writing in Russia? (Letters.)
9. In 1147 Moscow was founded. (The first mention in the annals). What century was it? (12th century)
10. Processed veal skins that were used for writing (Parchment.)
III. The second game "You - me, I - you".
Teams ask each other questions that they themselves have prepared in advance.
IV. The third game "Barrel troubles".
In the box are barrels from the logo with numbers 1, 2, 3, 4. The children take out a number, the teacher reads the assignment. 1 minute is given for discussion.
1. What subject are we talking about?
The shape of the square of this object was established by the French king Louis XVI, by issuing a decree on September 23, 1784. According to the order, "the length of this item must be equal to its width", since the previous oval shape was not very economical. And the very first information about this subject dates back to the 3rd century BC. Even then, the Greek and Roman patricians used them quite widely. In the 13-14 centuries, this thing was in great demand among Parisian fashionistas, turning into a kind of fan. And very often this item was impregnated with perfume. (Handkerchief.)
2. This is one of the most ancient drinks: it was first mentioned in a manuscript dating back to 2700 BC. He came to Russia from Mongolia in 1638, when Atlyn Khan sent 4 pounds of "this" as a gift to Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich?
The drink is made from the leaves of a bush plant, but wild varieties are trees up to 15 m high. In China and Japan, "it" is used as a seasoning for dishes, and in Burma for preparing salad. The fruits of "this" are rich in oil, which can easily replace olive. (Tea.)
Eastern wisdom: "Fresh tea is like a balm, left overnight - like a poisonous snake!"
3. Scene (children play).
Only it is surprising to Prince Yuri Vladimirovich why Kuchko, the local prince, does not meet him, does not show him honor. He sent a warrior for a Kuchk. (Kuchko, warrior enters.)
Dolgoruky. Why don’t you meet, don’t show honor? Do you invite me, the Grand Duke, to the mansion?
Kuchko. I didn't know, sir, that you were going, that's why I didn't meet. I don’t invite you to the mansions, because the old mansions were scattered, new ones weren’t built, we live in the barn ourselves.
Dolgoruky. You have good villages, rich ones.
Kuchko. Rich.
Dolgoruky. Know, the fields will give birth to.
Kuchko. Good.
Dolgoruky. Is the river fishy?
Kuchko. And the river is fishy.
Dolgoruky. What is the name of the river?
Kuchko. Moscow.
Dolgoruky. What does this name mean?
Kuchko. Called not by us, but by those who lived before us. We ourselves do not understand what it means.
As you know, Prince Yuri Dolgoruky founded our current capital - Moscow. We watched the meeting of the Grand Duke with Kuchko, the owner of the lands, where the prince later built Moscow.
Question: What happened to Kuchko? What is his destiny?
(Boyarin Stepan Ivanovich Kuchko was killed on the orders of Dolgorukov as not submitting, and Yuri's son Andrei took his beautiful daughter Kuchko as his wife.)
4. Ivan I Danilovich, Prince of Moscow was an intelligent and very cunning man. He was known for being thrifty, even stingy. He has accumulated a lot of wealth. In his will he pursued a policy - not to split up the Moscow land. Let the younger ones bow their heads before one, the oldest prince in their family. In his wills, Ivan Danilovich listed in detail all sorts of little things - silk and other junk (fabrics, clothes), every single precious stone. Before leaving, he explained to his sons and wife in which casket what was kept, and where the caskets were, and what seals they were sealed with, and where the keys were from them, and so on and so forth ... Here is a list of only gold items that are mentioned in the last will Ivan Danilovich:
gold chains - 12,
valuable belts - 9,
gold bowls - 6,
gold charms - 2,
golden dish, with pearls and stones - 1,
gold vessels - 4,
gold box - 1,
gold hat - 1.
And the people called Prince Ivan Danilovich Kalita.
Question. What does the word "kaliga" mean? (Bag or stone on the shoulder strap.)
V. Fourth game "Dark Horse".
Questions are asked by another teacher or parents. Questions to both teams at once.
1 Guessing the crossword puzzle. Students guess the crossword puzzle themselves, in case of difficulty, you can contact the audience, but for this the team gets 1 point.
(For this competition, the maximum number of points is 7.)
1) The name of Prince Dolgorukov, who founded Moscow. (Yuri.)
2) How many years is one century? (One hundred.)
3) Recording events by year. (Chronicle.)
4) The capital of Russia. (Moscow.)
5) A distinctive sign of the state, city, class, depicted on coins, seals. (Emblem.)
6) What did the Egyptians write on? (Papyrus.)
7) The hereditary name of the family, which is added to the personal name. (Surname.)
Keyword: history.
2. Determine where the ancient Greek vase, Russian ladle, royal goblet.
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3. Help these people sit in their chair. Connect the image of a person with a chair.
Vi. Fifth game "Five questions".
One team leaves our class, questions are asked to the one in the class, then to the second team.
1. What is the Greek wine jar called?
Three answer options (on cards):
2) crater;
3) amphora.
Answer: amphora.
2. What was the name of the city of Volgograd before?
Answer: Tsaritsyn, Stalingrad.
3. What is the name of the inscription on the coins?
Three answer options (on cards):
2) Legend.
3) Coin.
Answer: a legend.
4 What are the Slavic brothers Cyril and Methodius famous for?
Answer: They created the Slavic alphabet, that is, the alphabet, in the 9th century.
5. In what year was the city of Tsaritsyn founded? Three answer options:
Answer: 1589.
Vii. Final word teachers rewarding the winners.
All participants are awarded prizes, certificates.
Interesting questions and assignments for extracurricular work in history
Questions
1. In which country did they first drink tea from porcelain cups and write on paper??
2. When in Ancient Greece nobody fought?
3. Which library had fireproof books?
4. When did the volcano help people?
5. When did only one horse win the war?
6. Which countries had long walls?
7. When in history were shoes held in high esteem?
8. When and by whom was foolishness openly praised?
9. Where and when did the most peaceful pets suddenly “devour people”?
10. Who “founded” the state that never existed?
Answers
1. Paper and porcelain were invented in China.
2. During the Olympic Games.
3. In the library of the capital of Assyria, Nineveh, there were clay books.
4. During the uprising of Spartacus, the gladiators hid on the summit of the Vesuvius volcano, and then descended a steep cliff on ropes woven from vines of wild grapes that grew there.
5. The Trojan horse alone did what a whole army could not do for a long time.
6. In China - Greattoitai wall; walls connecting the Athenian port of Piraeus with Athens.
7. The peasant war in Germany in 1525, when the rebels marched under a banner with a village shoe inscribed on it. The uprising became known as “Under the Banner of the Shoe”.
8. In the book of the medieval scientist E. Rotterdam "The praiseworthy word of stupidity."
9. In England, during the period of fencing, there was a saying "sheep devoured people."
10. Thomas More described the nonexistent state "Utopia"
Questions
11. What is the distance between Constantinople and Constantinople?
12. What are the names of the numbers we use? Where were they invented?
13. Which of the rulers of England provided patronage to pirates and slave traders?
14. Who was the inventor of the printing press?
15. Which stairs has no one ever walked on?
16. When did flowers fight in history?
17. What was the name of the longest war in the world?
18. Who is the first of the Europeans by sea reached the shores of India?
19. What was the name of the peasant uprising in France according to the most widespread male name?
20. Who owns the sayings: "The state is me", "The subjects have no rights, they have only one responsibility?"
Answers
11. These are different names for the same city.
12. In everyday life, we use numbers that were invented in India, and they came to Europe with the Arabs, so they got the name "Arab".
13. Elizabeth I.
14. Johannes Gutenberg.
15. According to the feudal.
16. In England, internecine war between the feudal clans of the White and Scarlet Roses.
17. Hundred Years War between England and France, 1337-1453.
18. Vasco da Gama.
19. Jacquerie.
20. Louis XIV.
Questions
21. Under whose leadership was the British siege of the city of Orleans lifted?
22. Jan Hus and the Pope were opponents or allies?
23. What was the name of bread in Old Slavonic?
24. Every 10 thousand soldiers were called by the Mongols "darkness", and they were headed by ...
25. The system of measures of the government of Ivan the Terrible, aimed at strengthening the autocracy and further enslavement of the peasants?
26. Outerwear in Russia, called a word borrowed from the Tatars.
27. Which Russian city had an "evil character"?
28. Where did the word "pants" come from?
29. Which blood vessel is the capital of a European state?
30. What was the name of Peter I?
Answers
21. Jeanne d´ Ark.
22. Opponents.
23. Zhito.
24. Temnik.
25. Oprichnina.
26. Armenian.
27. At Kozelsk, the Tatars-Mongols nicknamed it "the evil city" for the desperate resistance shown to them for 11 weeks.
28. The wool and cloth from which these clothes were made were produced in the city of Bruges.
29. Vienna.
30. He is from the Romanov family.
Questions
31. Who is said to have stopped the Sun and moved the Earth?
32. Which city is "worth the mass"?
33. What is "Greek fire"?
34. Which Russian tsar loved to do carpentry?
35. Which rocket raced at a speed of 6–8 km / h?
36. Who was the king of the moneybags?
37. What people had round heads?
38. Who said about whom: “He walked on my left flank, but was my right hand”?
39. Which of the Russian tsars was nicknamed "Peacemaker"?
40. Two historical figures lived in the same country, in the same century, became national heroes of their country and had the same names. Who is it?
Answers
31. The teachings of Nicolaus Copernicus turned the idea of \u200b\u200bthe world upside down. Before that, it was believed that all planets, including the Sun, revolve around the Earth.
32. Henry IV said so about Paris when he passed from one faith to another in order to receive the throne.
33. Flammable liquid that the Byzantines used in battles against the Arabs and Slavs.
34. Peter I.
35. The first steam locomotive invented by Steffenson was called "Rocket", and its speed was originally 6-8 km / h.
36. Louis Philippe in France expressed the interests of the financial bourgeoisie.
37. Supporters of Parliament in England in 1642 dressed simply, did not wear wigs, and they were called "round-headed" for this.
38. A. V. Suvorov about M. I. Kutuzov after the capture of Izmail.
39. Alexander II.
40. In the Czech Republic in the 15th century, Jan Hus and Jan Zizka.
Questions
41. When did the “money bag” rule Russia?
42. When in military history was a pig a danger?
43. How to get from Dorpat to Yuryev?
44. What railway station in Russia is called by the name of the patronymic?
45. What was the name of the community in Slavonic?
46. \u200b\u200bWhich of the Russian tsars was nicknamed "The Quietest"?
47. Who was called "a rebel worse than Pugachev"?
48. What was the name of the magazine, the chief editor of which was Catherine II?
49. Where and when could you meet the "dogs of the Lord"?
50. When in history was the broom in special honor?
Answers
41. In the XIV century - Prince Ivan Danilovich nicknamed Kalita, that is, "money bag".
42. In the Battle of the Ice, the troops of the German knights were built by a formidable wedge - "pig".
43. Different names of one city.
44. In Siberia, the Erofei Pavlovich station is named after the Russian explorer Erofei Pavlovich Khabarov.
45. Rope.
46. \u200b\u200bAlexey Mikhailovich.
47. N. A. Radishchev for the book "Journey from St. Petersburg to Moscow".
48. "All sorts of things."
49. That was the name of the members of the Jesuit order, founded in 1540 by the Spanish nobleman Ignatius Loyola. They also appeared in Europe.
50. In Russia in the XVI century. under Ivan the Terrible during the oprichnina period. The distinctive mark of the guardsman was a dog's head and a broom, which meant: like a dog sniffs out enemies and sweeps them out with a broom.
Questions:
51. Who ruled before: Henry IV Bourbon or Henry VII Tudor?
52. When did the Bloody Tsar rule in Russia?
53. Ruler, what a huge state in terms of territory lived in a "barn"?
54. Where did the "rodents" and "ragamuffins" live?
55. What is "arabesque"?
56. Two historical figures of Russia were fellow countrymen, had the same fate. They are separated by a period of one hundred years. Who is it?
57. In which country has the longest legislature?
58. Who said these words: "Minerals do not come to the yard by themselves"?
59. What does the expression “hack to death” mean, what is its history?
60. In honor of what important historical events were built the Cathedral of St. Basil the Blessed and Christ the Savior?
Answers
51. Henry VII Tudor ruled in England in the 80s of the XV century, and Henry IV Bourbon - in France in the 70s of the XVI century.
52. Nicholas II, in 1894-1917. He was so nicknamed for the event on January 9, 1905, I world war, events on the Khodynskoye field associated with his coronation.
53. The capital of the state of Khan Baty was on the Volga and was called Sarai-Batu.
54. In the XVI century. in France there was an uprising of the crocans, or "rodents". Gezes were called "ragamuffins" during the Dutch bourgeois revolution of the 16th century.
55. Arabic ornament from geometric shapes, leaves, flowers.
56.S. T. Razin and E. I. Pugachev. Both come from the Zimoveyskaya stanitsa on the Don. Razin was the leader of the peasant war in Russia at the end of the 17th century, Pugachev was the leader of the peasant war in Russia at the end of the 18th century. Both were executed in Moscow.
57. Long Parliament in England.
58. M. V. Lomonosov.
59. The nose is a plaque, a note tag. They carried it with them and made notches for memory. Means to remember for a long time.
60. Cathedral of St. Basil the Blessed - in honor of the capture of Kazan and annexation to Russia on October 2, 1552, and the Cathedral of Christ the Savior - in honor of the victory of the Russian troops in the Patriotic War of 1812.
Questions:
61. To whom and where was the “Grateful Russia” monument erected?
62. When and where was tea made right in the sea?
63. Against whom did the Luddites fight?
64. Tea, coffee, tobacco, corn. What do these subjects have in common?
65. In what country did the "rabid" live?
66. Soviet poet K. Simonov wrote in a poem that the battle took place
"On blue and wet
Peipus crackling ice
in six thousand seven hundred and fifty
from the creation year. "
What battle did he write about? Why was the ice “wet”? When did this battle take place? Why does the poet indicate a different date?
67. The national anthem of France was composed in one city and got its name from another city. Why did it happen? Where and by whom is this hymn composed? What is it called?
68. Who said: “Every warrior must understand his maneuver. They fight not by number, but by skill "?
69. What does the expression “Shout to all Ivanovo” mean, what is its history?
70. What is common between the name of the American ballroom dance and the revolt of the North American colonies against the British taxation?
Answers
61. In Moscow, on Red Square, there is a monument to the sculptor I. P. Martos in honor of Prince D. M. Pozharsky and citizen K. Minin. The monument indicates that it was erected by “grateful Russia”.
62. In 1773, English merchants brought to Boston, an English colony in North America, a large batch of tea, which was taxed by parliament. Bostonians disguised as Indians attacked ships and threw tea straight into the sea. The event went down in history as the "Boston Tea Party".
63. Luddites were called destroyers of machines in England, therefore, they fought against machines and equipment installed in capitalist enterprises.
64. All of them penetrated into Europe from the New World and were considered "colonial" goods in Europe.
65. In France during the Great french revolution... In 1793, the Girondins dubbed the extreme measures, led by Jacques Roux, "rabid."
66. We are talking about the Battle on the Ice, which took place on Lake Peipsi. The ice was already melting a little, since it was spring. The battle took place on April 5, 1242 according to the chronology adopted in Russia under Peter I. Prior to this, in Russia, the years were counted from the "creation of the world", according to the old chronology, and the date of the battle was indicated.
67. During the Great French Revolution, officer Rouget de Lille in Strasbourg composed a revolutionary song overnight. It was first performed by a detachment from the city of Marseille. I liked the song, got widespread, the whole country sang it. After the name of the city from which it became known, the song was called "Marseillaise". She became the national anthem of France. S. Zweig has a short story about the history of the creation of the Marseillaise, it is called The Genius of One Night.
68. A. V. Suvorov "The Science of Winning".
69. In the Moscow Kremlin, near the Ivan the Great Bell Tower, there was Ivanovskaya Square. All important sovereign decrees were publicly announced to the people there. Used in a judgmental sense when a person speaks too loudly.
70. The American waltz is called "Boston", the revolt of the North American colonists was called the "Boston Tea Party"
Questions
71. Who said: "The creation of your own industry is not only a fundamental economic, but also a political task"?
72. What was the name of the capital of the Drevlyans, burned by Princess Olga as revenge for the murder of her husband, Prince Igor?
73. What did the word "kutafya" mean in Russia?
74. What are "sulitsy"?
75. Who were the "youths" in Ancient Russia?
76. About whom A. Pushkin said: “The ruler is weak and crafty. Bald-headed dandy. The enemy of labor. Accidentally warmed by glory ", and Vyazemsky:" The Sphinx, unsolved to the grave ... "? Who did they mean?
77. What was the name of the policy of the Bolsheviks during the Civil War?
78. What does the expression "gibberish" mean?
79. What was the name of the tsar in Russia, who ruled between the dynasties of Rurik and Romanov.
80. What is common between natural phenomenon, I. Ehrenburg's novel and N. Khrushchev's board
Answers
71. S. Yu. Witte.
72. Iskorosten.
73. This was the name of a slovenly dressed woman in Russia.
74. In the XIII century. one of the elements of projectile weapons of Russian soldiers, which is often mentioned in chronicles.
75. Younger members of the prince's squad.
76. Alexander I.
77. "War Communism".
78. A letter written in a special, secret way was used in secret correspondence of the XII-XIII centuries. In the XIX century. the gibberish letter was used by officials, at a later time - by the Old Believers. Means "to speak a language that most people cannot understand."
79. B. Godunov, 1589–1605.
80. They have the general name "thaw", that is, temporary warming, softening of the political regime: debunking the personality cult of Stalin, rehabilitation of the repressed, etc.
Questions
81. Who are dissidents?
82. What bird in Russia has become a symbol of courage and daring since time immemorial?
83. What color was the first naval flag in Russia?
84. What "exotic" animals did Peter I successfully put up near Pskov against the Swedish cavalry?
85. Who is a girl cavalryman?
86. Who were the first to fly nonstop across the North Pole from Moscow to Portland (USA)?
87. When was the first salute given to the winners during the Great Patriotic War?
88. What is the Pashkov House famous for?
89. One source states: "The battle of Borodino began early in the morning on August 26, 1812". The French historian Rambeau, describing the battle at Borodino, wrote: "On September 7, 1812, the battle began at 5 o'clock in the morning." How to explain this discrepancy in the sources? Who is right?
90. What period of Russian culture does N. A. Berdyaev call in his work "Russian cultural renaissance"?
Answers
81. People who advocated the observance of human rights, the democratization of social and political life in the USSR in the mid 1960-1980s.
82. Falcon.
83. Red-white-blue.
84. Camels.
85. Nadezhda Durova - participant of the Patriotic War of 1812
86. The crew of the aircraft of the Heroes of the Soviet Union V.P. Chkalov, G.F. Baydukov and A.V.Belyakov in 1937
87. On August 5, 1943, Moscow for the first time saluted the winners with artillery salvos. Since that time, every major victory has been celebrated with fireworks in the capital.
88. The famous Russian architect of the 2nd half of the 18th century. V.I.Bazhenov built a private house in Moscow, in which, since 1861, the first public library in Moscow was located.
89. Both sources are right, the dates in one case are given according to the old style, in the other - according to the new.
90. The Silver Age.
Questions
91. What does the expression "Saryn, go to the booth!" Mean?
92. What animal served as a riding horse in the Swedish army in the 15th century, and then as a courier and a policeman?
93. What historical events are captured in the paintings of V. I. Surikov "Boyarynya Morozova" and "Morning of the Strelets' Execution".
94. How did the "lesson years" differ from the "reserved years"?
95. What was the name of the first printed book published in 1564 in Russia?
96. Who are Barma and Postnik, and what are they famous for?
97. “The dictatorship of the heart”, “velvet dictatorship”, “the policy of a fluffy tail and a wolf's mouth” was called by contemporaries the internal political course ... Whom?
98. The Baroness has always been loyal to her lackey. And even followed him to the scaffold. What events are we talking about? Who is the Baroness and her footman?
99. What did the phenomenon called Lend-Lease mean?
100. What does the expression "Red thread" mean?
Answers
91. Cry when seizing ships. Saryn is a rabble. Kichka is the front part of the ship. Robbing the rich, robbers on the Volga and other rivers did not touch the poor. Means "step aside, hide, do not interfere."
92. Elk.
93. Church schism 1653–1656. The massacre of Peter I against the rioting archers in 1698
94. "Urban summer" - the period during which the owner of the land could return the serfs who left him. "Reserved summer" - the period during which the peasant transition from one owner to another was temporarily prohibited on St. George's Day.
95. "The Apostle", printed by Ivan Fedorov.
96. Architects of the "Cathedral of St. Basil the Blessed" or the Intercession Cathedral "on the ditch" in Moscow.
97. M. T. Loris-Melikov.
98. During the Great French Revolution, King Louis XVI tried to leave the country under the guise of a lackey. His wife, Marie Antoinette, had a foreign passport prepared in the name of Baroness Korf, who was leaving for Russia with a footman. At one of the post stations, the king was identified and returned to Paris, where he was greeted by the people with deathly silence. Later, in January 1793, the king was executed. Marie Antoinette was also sent to the scaffold.
99. US assistance to the USSR in the form of supply of weapons, ammunition and food.
100. The expression entered into the speech of several peoples from the language of English sailors of the late 18th century. Since 1776, by order of the Admiralty, a red thread was woven into all the ropes of the English navy throughout the length of the rope. It was possible to pull it out only by destroying the rope itself. The naval rope of the British was recognizable everywhere. It is used in the meaning of the very essence, the constant omen.
Tsar Bell and Tsar Cannon
At the foot of the Ivan the Great bell tower there is the famous Tsar Bell. It was cast in the Kremlin by the foundryman Ivan Motorin and his son Mikhail in 1733–1735. In 1737 a fire broke out in Moscow, which also engulfed the Kremlin. The incandescent bell cracked from uneven cooling when extinguishing the fire. A piece weighing 11.5 tons broke off from it. After the fire, it was in a pit, and only in 1836, according to a specially designed project by the architect Montferrand, it was raised and installed on a pedestal.
The Tsar Bell is the largest in the world. Its weight is 200 tons, height is 6.14 m, diameter is 6.6 meters.
Not far from the bell there is an interesting monument of the 16th century - the Tsar Cannon. It was cast from bronze by the Russian master Andrey Chokhov in 1586. Its weight is 40 tons, length is 5 meters 34 centimeters. Caliber - 890 mm. It was the largest cannon in the world in caliber. They were supposed to shoot from it with buckshot. She met all the requirements for battle orders of the 16th century, and was intended for the defense of the Moscow Kremlin. The carriage and the kernels lying near it are decorative, cast-iron; they were cast in 1835 in St. Petersburg at the Byrd factory. The weight of each of its cores is 1 ton.
Everything in the Kremlin attracts: the golden-domed cathedrals, shining with their domes in the sun, and the ancient stones, which were transformed into snow-white lace by wizards in the old days. And, going around the Kremlin, we, of course, admire the walls and towers that protected Muscovites from enemies. Here, every inch of the earth is the history of our people, and therefore, seeing the sights of the ancient Kremlin, we feel a sense of deep pride in our people, our state and our history
POEMS
1. You have no equal in the world,
Old Moscow!
Glittering days, forever glorious,
You will always be alive.
The city that Dolgoruky built
In the middle of deep forests
Ascended lovingly by the grandchildren
Above other cities!
Ivan Vasilich the Third is here
The yoke of slavery shattered,
Here, for a long series of centuries,
Was the source of our strength.
Here I found my obstacle
Poles are haughty men;
Here Napoleon had to
To unravel the fragility of happiness.
Here, as it was, and now -
Holy heart of all Russia,
Here are her shrines
Behind the Kremlin wall!
Here the paths crossed
From all six seas
Here the greats learned
Believe in your homeland!
Expanding, increasing
All in palaces and all in gardens
You are standing, holy Moscow,
On its seven hills ...
You stand shining with gold
Immense domes
Over east and sunset
Swelling roof of bells.
2. Moscow River, praise you!
You've seen a lot over the centuries.
If you could speak
You would tell a lot.
Would you tell us about
How people started to settle
Behind the tyn - tyn, behind the house - the house,
Grew on your shore
The beginning of the future capital.
You reflected in the smooth surface of the waters
That first Kremlin and a new city,
What our Russian people built
Under the first pine wall.
This is the first town
At the crossroads of all roads.
3. There was a terrible year when all countries
Afraid more than fire
Batu - the grandson of Genghis Khan,
Cursing his neighborhood with him ...
Was terrible agewhen the Mongols
They went to Russia like an avalanche,
On an autumn day across the naked steppe,
Trample dry feather grass.
So it went in a monstrous stream
To Russia mongol horde
In one cruel endeavor
Burn and plunder cities.
4. In this memorable year - 1328
muscovites for a reason
They gave a nickname to the prince:
Ivan Kalita.
"Kalita" means a bag for coins,
And more precisely there is no nickname for the prince! ..
And from now on
The khan did not send the Baskaks to the places for tribute -
Ivan Kalita sent his clerks.
And they brought all the good not to the Tatars, not to the camp,
And to Moscow, right to the Kremlin, to decide
prince Ivan -
What will go to the Tatars, what will he himself,
What to pay go sowho needs him ...
So all the roads of the earth led to Moscow.
The princes could not be at enmity with Kalita.
Today, the princes cannot argue with Moscow -
After all, just a little - Prince Ivan is collecting shelves.
The heavier the yoke the people raise,
The faster the economy grows.
The richer Moscow is, the largest economy,
That makes it more convenient for Ivan to reign over her.
And Moscow gathered cities around itself.
From now on, the Horde reckoned only with Moscow.
5. And here is the first hours -
The chimes of the Spasskaya tower.
Huge millstone for beauty
Painted with blue paint.
The heavy dial creaks -
The plate is spinning
And the numbers burn in gold
Under the fixed arrow.
And the "re-hours" beat loudly
Chimes over Moscow,
And the townspeople will know
Watch during the battle.
We would all marvel in our days
Clock tower of Spasskaya,
And to our great-grandfathers they
Seemed like a miracle, a fairy tale.
6. Fast Neglinka and noisy
Spun around the city
At the Sviblova tower she
I became friends with the Moscow River.
Under this corner tower,
What's in place now
Neglinnaya with the Moscow River
They always made noise together.
The farm was not tricky.
In summer and in frost
Dragged the bucket behind the bucket
From rivers to water carriers.
And with a yoke went to the river,
And we drove up with a barrel.
A row of baths stood nearby -
The sovereigns kept it.
And here are the "ideas" to the tower
Come, knowing the science
And rose to the height
Then the water is river.
Pumps, pipes, hoses
Fitted, ready.
Mother Moscow can be proud
New plumbing.
To tell the truth, that water
The city would not be enough -
To the Kremlin and its gardens
There was barely enough water.
But in this smallness there is space
For the pride of the people,
And Sviblov's tower since then
They called him Vodozvodnoy.
FROM THE LIFE OF THE SLAVS
"Tactics"
The Slavs went into battle each with two small spears, and some had strong and heavy shields. Their armament also consisted of a bow and arrows. The Slavic warriors did not wear armor, but in the summer, according to the Byzantine, they fought in only short pants.
In battle, the Slavs avoided open areas, preferring to meet the enemy in forests, gorges, or near precipices; at the same time, they widely used the art of ambush, resorted to various military tricks, mastered many methods of waging battle day and night, and were extremely skillful in crossing rivers.
The Slavs learned to hide well in the tall steppe grass, often they themselves attacked unexpectedly and unexpectedly on the enemy and won out even over a strong enemy. They knew how to lure the enemy into a forest thicket by feigned flight, and there, hiding behind the trees, they struck the enemies with arrows, the ends of which were sometimes smeared with poison.
Question:Imagine why the Slavs preferred to fight in the forest, avoided open areas and tried to lure the enemy into the forest, ravine.
Answer:
According to the Byzantine author, the Slavs as a whole did not have a unified command and were not able to fight in the correct formation. Of course, the Slavs, who lived in separate tribes, could not yet create a strong army with a single military command, similar to the army of Byzantium. This can explain to a certain extent the military tactics of the Slavs.
"Dwelling of the Slavs"
Byzantine sources provide valuable information about the life of the Slavs. Our ancestors were slender, fair-haired, ruddy. According to foreigners, the Slavs were distinguished by a powerful physique, tall stature, great strength and extraordinary endurance: they could endure heat, cold and hunger for a long time, they were content with the simplest food, and sometimes, in case of need, they even ate raw animal meat and fish.
The Slavs loved to settle in forests, near rugged rivers, swamps and lakes, in high places, so that housing would not be flooded during spring floods.
The Slavs did not yet know how to build reliable dwellings - they weaved pitiful shacks from brushwood, covered them with straw, just to shelter from rain and bad weather. They did not know how to make stoves and chimneys in antiquity - they arranged hearths among the dwellings, where they made a fire, and the smoke went into a hole in the roof or in the wall.
The Slavs sometimes arranged their dwellings with many outputs. Their belongings and supplies were usually buried in the ground.
Question: Suppose why the Slavs arranged many exits in their dwellings and hid their belongings.
The Slavs arranged many exits in their homes so that it would be easier to leave in case of a sudden attack. The centuries-old experience of their ancestors taught the Slavs to keep supplies in hiding places, to use only what was necessary.
"Crossing"
In order to successfully fight the Slavs, the Byzantine author advises preparing cavalry and infantry against them, mainly lightly armed, and preparing a large number of throwing weapons - not only arrows, but also various types of spears. The Byzantine also advises, whenever possible, to prepare material for the construction of so-called floating bridges, so that the crossing over the rivers is prepared in advance. Indeed, in the country of the Slavs, there are many rugged rivers, the author points out.
Question: Suppose what the author of the source means when talking about the construction of floating bridges.
"Chur, me!"
Almost until the end of the 10th century, our ancestors were pagans. Little information has come down to us about the pagan faith of the Slavs. We know that east Slavs honored the thunder god Perun, as well as the wind god Stribog. The sun deity was called Dozhbog. The Slavs honored Veles, who was considered the patron saint of herds and therefore was called the "cattle god", and others. In addition, the Slavs believed that in the forest (this is a very ancient belief of our ancestors) there lived a forest god - a devil, in the water - a water god, in river beds - mermaids; they especially honored the home god - the brownie.
The Slavs, like other peoples kindred to them, thought that the souls of their deceased ancestors did not leave their home. In case of any trouble they used to say in the old days: "Chur, protect me!"
Question: Guess what these words meant.
Answer: The Slavs believed that the souls of deceased ancestors did not leave their home, which means that they care about their descendants, keep them from any troubles, if they honor the memory of their ancestors. If not, then these household gods become restless, cause trouble. The souls of the ancestors were listed under the name "brownies", they were also called "churas" or "schurs". Here's what they used to say in case of trouble: "Chur, protect me!"
"Bonfire"
Each settlement was surrounded by a high log wall, the houses behind it were not visible. The huts were small, half of them went into the ground. The roofs were laid in two slopes with reeds or straw sheaves, for strength they were coated with wet clay.
A watchtower was built on the highest pine tree in the settlement. We climbed it not by stairs, but by a pole with crossbars. From the tower you can see far away. If the vigilant guard noticed that unkind newcomers were approaching the village, he immediately raised the alarm. A fire was lit on the tower, neighbors were notified.
In a short time, all nearby villages learned about the danger, and people came together to repel the attack of enemies.
Questions: Why did you climb a pole with rungs to the watchtower, and not a ladder? What should be a signal fire?
Answer: The Slavs used a pole with crossbars, since it could easily be lifted up and hidden in the branches of a pine tree, the sentinel was like in a fortress. A signal fire was kindled on the tower with the condition that it was filled with thick smoke. It was the thick smoke that was the signal for the neighbors about the impending danger.
"Trade"
Novgorod merchants traded with Constantinople. Various goods were brought there: furs, honey, wax, linen, yellow stone - amber, weapons, shields, ornaments.
At first, the Novgorodians sailed along the Volkhov River. From Volkhov we sailed to Ilmen-lake, then to Lovat-river. But Lovat soon turned east, and the merchants had to go south. We had to drag the boats overland to the Dnieper. And the Novgorod merchant caravan sailed further down the Dnieper.
At the mouth of the Dnieper, where the river flows into the Black Sea, the Novgorodians stopped at a stop to prepare for sea voyages. They set big sails, brought a lot of brushwood. And the boats swam into the sea.
Q: Why did the Novgorodians need so many bundles of brushwood?
Answer: After the large sails were set, the Novgorodians tied the boats along the sides with bundles of brushwood so that they would stay steadily on the water.
"Outstanding military leader"
Svyatoslav, the son of Prince Igor and Princess Olga, was a commander of great glory in Russia in the 10th century. They knew about his campaigns, victories and deaths in countries close and far from Kiev. His entire life, starting from childhood, was spent in a struggle with restless neighbors who threatened the eastern and southwestern borders of the Old Russian state.
The Byzantine historian left a reliable description of Svyatoslav in adulthood. After the battles on the Danube, Svyatoslav negotiated an end to the war with the Byzantine emperor Tzimiskes:
“He looked like this: medium height, not too tall, not too small, with bushy eyebrows, with blue eyes, with a flat nose, with a shaved beard and with thick long hair on the upper lip. His head was naked, but only on one side of it hung a lock of hair ... the neck was thick, the shoulders were wide, and the whole body was rather slender. In one ear hung a gold earring adorned with two pearls, with a ruby \u200b\u200binserted in the middle. His clothes were white, nothing but clean, not different from others. "
Question: Suppose what was meant by a lock of hair hanging on one side of the head.
Answer: Svyatoslav's head was shaved, and a lock of hair meant the nobility of the family.
"Dyeing eggs"
The custom of painting eggs and giving them to each other on a spring holiday existed among the Slavs long before the adoption of Christianity.
A special rite was previously performed over the festive meal, with the help of spells they gave it powerful healing properties. The Slavs, presenting each other with painted eggs, mutually wished health, kissed, believing that this rite transfers to their loved ones a piece of that supernatural power that entered them along with the festive treat.
Question: Suppose why the eggs began to be colored.
Answer: Arranging multi-day and crowded spring holidays, feeding various deities and spirits, the Slavs usually smeared the eggshells with blood, because blood has long been considered an exquisite delicacy of spirits and gods. Subsequently, this passed into the custom of dyeing eggs.
"Clothing"
Negotiations between Svyatoslav and Tzimiskes took place by the river. The Russian prince was sitting on the bench of the boat, which had moored to the shore, and the Byzantine arrived on horseback.
Emperor Tzimisce was in gilded armor. A gilded harness adorned the horse. The numerous retinue shone with expensive outfits. The attention of the Byzantines was attracted by the hair on the upper lip, that is, the mustache, and the curl on Svyatoslav's shaved head.
The Byzantines were also surprised by the fact that Svyatoslav did not differ from his soldiers in clothing, except for its purity. Question: Suppose why Svyatoslav wore clothes that did not differ from the clothes of soldiers.
Answer: Svyatoslav did not differ from his soldiers in clothing, not by chance. In addition to earrings with pearls and a ruby, the rich prince did not want to burden himself with anything that could interfere with his camping life.
The harsh and simple life at all times distinguished many famous military leaders. Long before Svyatoslav, Alexander the Great shared all the marching burdens with his soldiers. Much later Svyatoslav, Alexander Suvorov, even as an old man, slept on an armful of hay, covered with a cloak, and did not put on a warm uniform until his soldiers received winter clothes.
"IN winter time»
If it happened that the Slavs went to an open battle, then they screamed slightly forward all together. If the enemies could not withstand their onslaught, then the Slavs advanced stronger, otherwise they simply ran away, did not rush to grapple with the enemy in hand-to-hand combat. They headed for the forest, where they knew how to fight perfectly.
First, the Slavs have little food reserves; secondly, they have bad winter clothes; thirdly, traces remain in the snow in winter. The Byzantine cites five such arguments.
Question: Name two more arguments in favor of waging war in winter.
Answer: Fourthly, rivers freeze in winter, and therefore they can be easily crossed, there is no need to have floating equipment. Fifth, in winter, the trees stand without leaves, and therefore it is more difficult for the Slavs to hide behind them.
"Rook"
One summer day, the Slavs went to the forest to look for a suitable tree for a boat. They walked for a long time through the forest. There are many trees in the forest, but not all are suitable for business: one is crooked, the other is rotten, the third is knotty, the fourth twisted.
In the evening we came across a century-old oak tree. Measured the thickness of the trunk, it turned out three girths with more. With a sharp hatchet, they made three knots on the oak: two along the trunk and one under it - across. The mark meant that this oak would be cut by them, and no one else.
Summer has passed, autumn has passed. Winter has come, snow has fallen. They cut down an oak tree, took it out of the forest and brought it to the village.
The rook began to get along. First of all, the oak was sanded: they removed the bark from it. Then they began to cut the log from above and from the sides. Day by day a pile of yellow chips grew and grew taller than a man's height. Day by day, the oak log became more and more like a boat.
Then it was the turn to make the rook from the inside.
Question: Suppose how the Slavs did it.
Answer: The Slavs kindled a fire. When the fire started, they began to take hot coals out of the fire with a shovel and put them on top of the deck. The coals were burning, the breeze fanned them. The log was smoking from the hot coals. The coals were burnt out, and a burnt hole remained in the deck. The Slavs put new coals in it, and the log was smoking again. So little by little they burned out the rook from the inside.
"For guard"
Years passed, tens of years, the Slavs already owned the entire arsenal of the then heavy weapons. This was especially evident in 597 during the assault on the Greek city of Thessaloniki. The Slavs now had siege engines, iron battering rams, huge mechanisms for throwing stones. They also had so-called "turtles" - movable towers. These formidable structures slowly moved towards the fortress. The soldiers who were placed on them were hidden by wooden barriers - shields. As soon as the "turtles" got close to the fortress, the warriors jumped out of cover and showered the defenders with arrows and took possession of the wall.
The Byzantines recognized that the Slavs by the end of the 6th century "learned to wage war better than the Romans" (that is, than they themselves).
A weak spot on the movable tower - "turtle" - was the wooden shields that hid the soldiers, they could catch fire.
Question: Suppose what the Slavs came up with to protect these shields from fire.
Answer: To protect against fire, the Slavs covered wooden shields with raw hides.
"Bathing"
Children suffering from dryness are placed in a tree forked from a thunderbolt, then they walk around the tree nine times with them and hang children's shirts on its branches. When they return home, they bathe the children in water taken from nine rivers or wells and sprinkle them with ash from seven ovens. From fever and other diseases, the peasants bathe in rivers, forest springs and wells, and after bathing they wipe themselves off with a clean cloth and hang it on a nearby tree or bush; instead of a rag, they also hang up a shirt or a rag from their clothes and leave them until they are completely decayed.
Question: Suggest what is the meaning of this rite.
Answer: The meaning of the ritual is as follows: the patient washes and erases the ailment from his body, that is, removes it from himself and, together with a rag and discarded shirt, transfers it to a bush or tree as earthly representatives of that heavenly, paradise tree that exudes living water that heals all diseases. As a rag or shirt decays, so the disease itself must disappear. Later, with the loss of a clear understanding of the ancient ideas, this rite acquired the character of a sacrifice to forest and water spirits.
"With myself"
A rare person can boast that he saw a brownie. To do this, you need to put on a horse collar on yourself on Easter night, cover yourself with a harrow, teeth on yourself, and sit between the horses all night. If you're lucky, you will see an old man - small, like stumps, all covered with gray hair, even his palms are hairy. Sometimes, in order to divert a curious gaze from himself, he takes on the appearance of the owner of the house - just poured out. In general, the brownie loves to wear the master's clothes, but always manages to put them in place, as soon as a person needs things. If the owners love their brownie, if they live in harmony with him, then they will never want to part with him, even moving to new house.
Question: Suppose how the Slavs transported the brownie with them.
Answer: When moving to a new house, our ancestors did the following: they would scratch under the threshold, then collect the garbage in a scoop and scatter it in a new hut, believing that the “owner” is moving to a new place of residence with this garbage. Just remember to bring him a pot of porridge for housewarming and say with all possible respect: “Grandpa brownie, come out home. Come live with us! "
"Two faces"
This Slavic god was about two faces: one face is like the sun, the other is like a crescent. The priests of this god were in charge of the secret, ancient sciences of counting days, months, years. In front of the temple, they planted a great variety of the most diverse flowers, which opened their corollas in different time days, from early morning to late evening.
Question: Suppose what this god patronized. His name? Why were so many flowers planted?
Answer: The Slavs revered Chislobog as the patron saint of the passage of time. One, like the sun, his face is such that the sun measures the course of the day, the other is like a crescent moon, for the moon measures the course of the night. The priests of Chislobog kept in order a large sundial and lunar clock, which were dedicated to this mysterious god.
And to find out what time it is now, you could look at the amazing flower clock. Equal to them in beauty has not yet been created.
Poems
N. Konchalovskaya
Our ancient capital
Near Moscow, on the roads,
Among forests and wastelands,
In the old days there were many
Watchmen-monasteries.
Monks have always lived in them,
They drank, ate, did not grieve,
The land gave them everything -
Gardens and fields.
Monastic grounds
Immediately visible from afar -
So it is full of fertility
From the monastic land.
Monastic wheat
It spikes above growth,
Above the belt - oats,
Knee-deep - haymaking.
And works in the fields
Not a bell ringer and not a monk -
The farm laborers plow the field,
Serf men.
Everything is ready for a monk:
And from the fish catch,
And the income from the bee
The people are bringing them to the monastery.
Cattle are bred for a monk
Pines are cut for the monk.
In a narrow monastery cell,
Within four blank walls
About old Russian land
The monk recorded the story.
He wrote in winter and summer,
Illuminated by a dim light.
He wrote from year to year
About our great people.
About the invasion of Batu
He wrote in a terrible hour,
And his words are simple
Through the centuries have come down to us.
Poem about St. Sophia Cathedral
He stood here for a long time
Gold in the cool of the heavens,
In the middle of the village, but near those bazaar rows,
He stood here no worse
Than the main cathedral in Constantinople,
And I would have kept my bearing on the camps of any cities.
He stood stately, well-groomed by the mite of the people,
And like a white Archangel
Towered over the sinful land
And in winter and summer, flickering in the haze of the bad weather.
He kept his watch like a faithful brother - a sentry.
And during the days of triumph he is like a bird
And proud and free
And he reigned and soared, not sparing his wings,
Bell,
And in full bloom with a tail of colored chimes.
And he stood, permanent, at each invisible
And he sanctified any raptures with his voice.
And under his sign they were born here, loved,
And under the sign of him they left this sad pier.
POEMS
1. Your duty is: to keep the laws,
Don't look at the faces of the strong
No help, no defense
Orphans and widows should not be left behind.
Your duty: to save the innocent from troubles,
The unlucky ones are to cover;
Protect the powerless from the strong
Remove the poor from the shackles
2. While we are burning with freedom,
While hearts are alive for honor
My friend, we will devote to our homeland
Souls are beautiful impulses!
Comrade! Believe it! She will rise
The star of captivating happiness!
Russia will rise from sleep
And on the wreckage of autocracy
They will write our names.
3. ... And we lived,
Like Christ in the bosom,
And we knew the honor.
Houses with greenhouses, with Chinese gazebos
And with english parks.
Every flag was playing
He played, beckoned to me,
Russian hospitality and kindness promised.
The Frenchman will not dream
In a dream, what holidays!
Not a day, not two - for a month
We asked here.
Its actors, music,
A whole regiment of servants.
No contradiction
Whom I want - have mercy
Whom I want - execution.
The law is my desire
The fist is my police.
4. Go into the fire for the honor of the Fatherland!
For beliefs, for love!
Go and perish perfectly.
You will not die for nothing: the matter is solid,
When blood flows underneath.
Believe on earthly Sunday.
Your tribe will come to life in the descendants,
And my children, a holy generation
Will cover Russia and flourish.
5. I know: doom awaits
The one who rises first
On the oppressors of the people -
Fate has already doomed me
But where, tell me, when was
Is freedom redeemed without sacrifices?
Prison is my honor, not reproach.
For a just cause I'm in it.
And I should be ashamed of these chains,
When do I wear them for the Fatherland?
6. Heroes, forged from pure steel.
Are you not the decoration of our days?
Fiery sparks of freedom?
Ryleev died as a villain.
So remember him, Russia.
7. It is not the wind that makes noise in the damp forest,
Muravyov goes to a bloody feast ...
With him Chernigov go to breastfeed,
Lay down your head for Mother Russia.
And a strong oak did not fall down like a storm,
And the traitor-worm undermined him.
Will-sun rolled,
The deadly night lay in a swearing field.
As on the field of that abusive horse stands,
The young knight lies on the ground in front of him.
Horse! My horse! Download to the holy Kiev city:
There are comrades, there is my dear brother ...
Take my last breath to them
And say: “I could not bear the chains,
It is impossible to experience a sorrowful thought,
That I could not buy the blood of liberty! .. "
8. Believe on earthly Sunday,
Your tribe will come to life in the descendants,
And my children, a holy generation
Will cover Russia and flourish.
Kudryan Anna Viktorovna
MBOU teacher Secondary school number 4
from. Merchanskoe of the Crimean region
In the process of teaching history, the teacher has to deal with many problems. Often the greatest difficulty for students is memorizing dates, especially in isolation from events, in the form of various kinds chronological tables and dictations.
Meanwhile, even though the knowledge of dates in the study of history should not be an end in itself, it is much more important for students to understand history as a process. And yet, just as mathematics cannot be without numbers, so history is without dates.
To make it easier to remember dates, it is necessary that the date must be combined with the event so that students can push off from something. To facilitate this work, I have developed entertaining history problems that can be used when studying the history of Russia in grades 6-7. The tasks take into account not only the relationship of dates and events, but also the mathematics program. Moreover, the tasks are structured in such a way that, without knowing the event, you can push off from another, call on mathematics for help and solve. Having solved the problem, students develop an algorithm of action, a cause-and-effect relationship is revealed, and students can easily remember the dates.
For example, I will give the following problem.
At this place, at the mouth of the Neva, the outstanding Novgorod prince defeated the Swedes. And after 463 years, axes knocked here, by order of the king, the construction of a new capital began?
1. What prince are we talking about, and when did this event take place?
2. By order of which king began the construction of the new capital?
3. When was the new capital founded and what was it called?
4. What connects these two events?
This task will allow you to remember not that St. Petersburg was founded in 1703, but was founded on the third anniversary of the Northern War, which Russia waged with Sweden for access to the sea. That the city was founded on the place where Alexander Yaroslavich defeated the Swedes in 1240, that St. Petersburg was founded not at the whim of the tsar, but by state necessity.
1. Alexander Yaroslavich (Nevsky); 1240 - Battle of the Neva.
2. Peter I.
3. 1240 + 463 \u003d 1703, where 1240 is the Battle of the Neva; 1703 - foundation of St. Petersburg.
4.1240 - battle with the Swedes; In 1703, there was the Great Northern War (1700 - 1721) in which Russia also fought with the Swedes.
Studying the foreign policy of the times of Peter I, you can use the following type of problem.
The turning point in the Northern War occurred after the Battle of Poltava. It is known that both armies totaled 72,000 men. It is also known that the size of the Russian army exceeded the Swedish one by 12,000. The losses of the Russians amounted to 1,300 people, and the Swedes 9,000 killed and 3,000 were taken prisoner. What was the size of the Russian and Swedish armies before and after the battle?
(X + 12,000) + X \u003d 72,000
2X \u003d 72,000 - 12,000
2X \u003d 60,000
X \u003d 60,000: 2
X \u003d 30,000
(30 000 + 12 000) + 30 000 = 72 000
42 000 + 30 000 = 72 000
42,000 - the number of the Russian army before the battle
30,000 - the number of the Swedish army before the battle
42,000 - 1,300 \u003d 40,700 - the number of the Russian army after the battle
30,000 - (9,000 + 3,000) \u003d 18,000 - the size of the Swedish army after the battle
Having solved the problem, the Battle of Poltava will be engraved in memory not just as one of the battles of the Northern War, but, having calculated the ratio of both armies and losses, the guys will remember that after the Battle of Poltava there was a turning point in the course of the Northern War.
These tasks not only allow you to remember the years of the life of historical figures, but also the type of their activity. In the process of this, there is a preparation for the Unified State Exam in the tasks, which include questions related to the correspondence and the type of activity of personalities.
When studying foreign policy the time of Catherine II, it is appropriate to propose the following problem.
The first section of the Commonwealth was in 1772, the third in 1795. When was the second section, if it is known that the time between the first and the second is equal to the duration of the Northern War. Which states participated in the section? What was the result of the divisions of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth?
1700 - 1721 - The Northern War lasted 21 years.
1772 + 21 \u003d 1793, where 1772 is the first section of the Commonwealth; 1793 - the second section of the Commonwealth. In the section of the Commonwealth, along with Russia, Austria and Prussia took part. Rzeczpospolita ceased to exist.
After completing the tasks, the students will remember once again the war with Sweden for Russia's access to the Baltic Sea and will better remember the dates of the partitions of the Commonwealth.
Tasks of this type contribute to the study of educational material, its systematization, generalization and analysis. And this will have more effect than just memorizing dates.
Problem number 32
How many years was the Rurik dynasty at the head of the Russian state, if it is known that the last of this dynasty was the son of Ivan the Terrible - Fyodor Ivanovich?
Problem number 32. answer
1598 - 862 \u003d 736, where 1598 is the death of Fedor Ivanovich; 862 - Rurik's calling to the Novgorod land.
Municipal budget educational institution
"Average comprehensive school No. 1 "
town. Troitsko-Pechorsk
Intellectual game - quiz
« From Russia to Russia ».
(classroom hour for students of 3-4 grades)
Compiled byb:
Lyovkina O.G. (teacher primary grades)
2012 r.
Quiz byrussian history for students3 -4 classes.
« From Russia to Russia ».
For the title "History connoisseur ».
Goal:
Create conditions for students that will allow them to test their intellectual abilities in a fun way and give them the opportunity to acquire new knowledge and broaden their horizons.
Tasks:
Teach children to use their knowledge in a non-standard setting.
Developcognitive interest in a subjectthe world around and creativeopportunities for children.
Relevance:
Development cognitive interests junior schoolchildren - one of the most important tasks primary school... It is the solution of this problem that determines the success of the further education of children. If at the earliest stage there is a desire to learn new things, to overcome difficulties, to search for the necessary information on their own, then the process of personality formation will go smoother, at a higher level.
One of the means of awakening interest in the subject isentertaining games.
The word “entertaining” itself is defined in the Russian dictionary as “capable of occupying attention, imagination, interesting”, that is, amusement is always associated with interest.
A good entertainment tool used for educational purposes is play, such as games modeled on popular television programs.
Preparation:
Election of 10 participants to participate in the quiz. (Students of 3-4 grades)
A poetry competition about the Motherland is held in the classes, the best readers are selected to perform during breaks in the game.
A jury is selected.
Equipment:
a) for the teacher:multimedia, premium material
b) forparticipants : answer sheets (Appendix 3), pen.
Game progress:
Dear participants, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev announced 2012 as the year of Russian history, this year “there are a large number of important historical dates - this is the 1150th anniversary of the birth of Russian statehood, the 770th anniversary of the ice massacre on Lake Peipsi, the 460th anniversary of the capture of Kazan by the army of Ivan the Terrible and the incorporation of the Kazan Khanate into Muscovite Rus. 400th anniversary of the end of the Troubles in Russia, 200th anniversary of the victory of Russian weapons in the Patriotic War of 1812, 200th anniversary of the Battle of Borodino, 150th anniversary of the birth of Stolypin, 235th anniversary of the birth of Ermolov, 70th anniversary of the beginning Stalingrad battle, 55 years of the launch of the first Earth satellite ”.
Our game is also dedicated to Russian history.
Rules of the game:
The game consists of 3 rounds. Round 1 - choosing an answer from 3 proposed options, 5 players who gave the largest number of correct answers go to round 2, in which it is necessary to choose one of five categories and answer 14 questions, three players who will give the most correct answers will go to the third round , in which it is necessary to compose as many new words as possible from the proposed word. One player is the winner.
And so 1 round
In the 1st round you need to choose one of the 3 answer options, write a letter - opposite the number - indicating the question number. After necessary hand over to the judges tables.
Hlet's start!
(Appendix1) presentation 1 tur x
While the jury is summing up the results, the readers of the 1st grade are called to the stage.
(Announcement of participants who made it to the 2nd round, if the 1st round did not reveal 5 winners, for those who scored an equal number, an additional round can be held)
In an additional round, you need to combine the names and nicknames of great people.
In the 2nd round you need to choose one category out of 5 offered. (Dates, Holidays, Archaisms, Names, Secret)
But to find out who will be the first to choose the category, let's play the game "decryptor". THE CONDITIONS OF COMPOSING THE WORD ARE THE SAME AS ON mobile phone, one of three letters can be dialed with each digit. For example: the numbers 4,5,6 can correspond to the letters k, o, t - that is, the word cat.
Whoever guesses this word faster will choose the category.
Conditions of the second round: It is necessary to answer correctly for the selected category, to as many questions as possible, if you do not know the answer, then say: "further" and I ask you the following question ... The judges will count the correct number of answers.
Appendix 2
While the judges are summing up the results of the 2nd round, the readers of the 2nd grade will perform
Three participants who have received the highest number of points for correct answers go to the 3rd round.
In the third round, the participants will have words from lettersChronicler make up as many words as possible, letters in one word should not be repeated more than they are repeated in a word chronicler , words must be nouns existing in Russian. Tour time is 3 minutes. Ready? Forward! To victory.
While the judges are summing up the results of the 3rd round, the readers of the 3rd grade will speak
Rewarding, congratulations to the winner.
Reflection
The game has come to an end, today we saw how much the participants in the game know about the history of our Motherland, and who of the spectators would like to be in their place? Are there those among you who were interested in some event and wanted to know more about it, because the year of Russian history continues, and the builders new history Russia will be you History teaches us life, not to make mistakes of the past, to love and be proud of our Motherland. Good luck to everyone in this most interesting business - the study of the history of Russia.
In conclusion, poems are read by students of grade 4
Appendix 3 provides printable answer forms for participants and jury
Literature:
Golovin N. N. "My first Russian history". - M .: Terra, 1995
Danilov D.D. " The world"An introductory course in history and social studies" My Fatherland ", a textbook in 4 parts. - M .: Balass, 2007 (Educational system "School 2100")
Sinova I.V. " Public holidays Russia ": a student's reference book. SPb .: Publishing house "Litera", 2006
website http://umniy.com
website - viki. rdf. ru
Technical data presentation
Round 1 slides change automatically with an interval of 10 seconds. - question, 5 sec. - a space to record the answer by the participants.
Provided that no 5 best players have appeared in the 1st round, an additional round is played, the transition to which is carried out
After the players are selected, their order is played using the game "decoder" (if there was no additional round, the transition is carried out)
The second round begins with the one who first composed the word (history). The choice is made by clicking the mouse on the selected category, the transition is carried out by the hyperlink, by pressing the "home" key, you go to the first slide of the 2nd round.
When all the participants have played their categories, we go back to 1 slide of the 2nd round. Along the arrow there is a transition to the 3rd round, where words are formed from the word "chronicle".
All slides of the 2nd and 3rd round change on click.
Attachment 1
For jury and presenter
1. Wooden houses were erected:
a) bricklayer b) a carpenter c) builder
2. A wooden peasant house is called:a) hut b) tower c) mansion
3. The room, which is now called a room, was previously called:
a) ward b) cage c) frame.
4. A low earthen embankment along the walls, which serves to insulate the house, is called:
a) foundation b) moat c)mound
5. The overhead strip around the window is called:
a) frame b) crown c)platband
6. What was the name of the trousers before?a) ports b) ohaben c) azam
7. Long women's clothing sleeveless, full-length buttons.
a) summertime b) soul heat c)sundress
8. Bast shoes a) boots b)bast shoes c) piston
9. Obligatory headdress for boyars in Russia.
a) cap b) bandage c)columnar
10. The headdress under which married women hid their hair.
a) hairy b) kichka c) kokoshnik
Appendix 2
For jury and presenter
Dates
What an important event happened in Russia in 988. (Baptism of Russia)
The first time this city was mentioned in 1147, now it is known to everyone, what kind of city is it? (Moscow, Prince Yuri Dolgoruky)
What date is marked in the history of Russia1240. (Victory over the Swedes of Alexander Nevsky on the Neva)
What event happened on the ice Lake Peipsi in 1242? (Battle on the ice, battle with German knights, commander Alexander Nevsky)
What happened in 1380? (Battle of Kulikovo)
When the overthrow took place tatar yoke. (1480)
What year is considered the foundation of St. Petersburg. (1703)
When was serfdom abolished? (1861)
What do these dates mean: 1941-1945 (The beginning and end of the Great Patriotic War)
An event that happened on April 12, 1961. (The first manned flight into space, Yuri Gagarin)
When the Olympics were held in Moscow. (1980)
In what year did the USSR collapse? (1991)
Holidays
Archaisms
Eyes (Eyes)
Knight (Warrior)
Go in pairs (They go in pairs.)
Mouth (Lips)
Dozen (An old measure of number, equal to twelve)
Nega (Sweet, pleasant dream that closes your eyes.)
The evening (Last night.)
Byet (says a lie).
Battle (battle, battle, the battle )
Gutor (talk)
Cap (men's headdress with a visor)
Finger (finger)
Capital city (main city, capital)
Stepdaughter (step-daughter of one of the spouses)
Names
Secret
Appendix 3
Forms for participants and jury
1st round
name ______________________
class _______________
letter
Correct answers for round 1(jury)
Optional tour
FI ._________________
names
nicknames
Correct answers (jury)
names
nicknames
1st round
Surname _________________________
name ______________________
class _______________
letter
Correct answers for round 1(jury)
Optional tour
FI ._________________
names
nicknames
Right answers(jury)
names
nicknames
For round 2 (jury)
FI ._________________
FI ._________________
FI ._________________
FI ._________________
FI ._________________
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