Rectangle lesson in the middle group. Synopsis of a math lesson in the middle group "let's help friends." Game situation "Travel to the land of geometric shapes"
Municipal Administrative Preschool Educational
Institution
Early Development Center kindergarten №43
Development of a summary of a lesson on mathematical development on the topic
"Acquaintance with the rectangle"
Educator:
Ryndya Olga Petrovna
Kaliningrad
2017
Topic of the lesson: "Acquaintance with the rectangle".
1. The purpose of the lesson: to acquaint children with the rectangle.
2. Objectives:
1. Contribute to the formation of ideas about the rectangle and its
properties;
2. Develop the ability of children to independently acquire knowledge and replenish it
volume (independently determine the similarities and differences between the square and
rectangle);
3. Exercise in the ability to correctly name geometric shapes and words,
denoting their properties: rectangle, square, length, width, wider,
shorter, equal in length, width;
Develop spatial skills, thinking, attention, memory,
3.
creative skills;
4. To foster restraint, attentiveness, a sense of cooperation,
accuracy;
5. Develop positive emotions, promote physical activity
children in class.
3. Type of occupation: the formation of new knowledge.
4. Form of the lesson: frontal, group, subgroup, individual.
5. Duration: 20 minutes.
6. Participants: children of the middle group.
7. Students' age: 45 years old.
8. Equipment and materials:
Demo material: bibabo doll Mouse (Appendix 1),
large envelope, images geometric shapes (circle, triangle,
2
square, rectangle), rectangular and square blocks, two
hoop, magnetic board, flannelgraph, plane images of a girl
(Appendix 2), a house (Appendix 3), a river (Appendix 4), a square and
rectangle (Appendix 5) for flannelgraph, CD player, disc
E. Zheleznova "Finger games", tambourine;
Handout: Colored Cardboard Geometric Shapes (1
square, 1 rectangle for each child), sheet of paper white from
depicting an outline of a rectangle for each child, colored
the pencils.
9. Preliminary preparation: for a walk, in a group room with
children consider the objects around them, find those that are in shape
resemble geometric shapes already familiar to children (circle, triangle,
square); prepare a demonstration and handout material.
10. Methods and techniques for working with children: verbal, play, practical
methods and techniques (guessing riddles, outdoor play, physical
speech accompaniment, a surprise moment, the creation of a problem
situations, game techniques, elementary analysis, comparison, storytelling
Time
fairy tales with plotting on a flannelgraph).
11. Structure of the lesson:
Stage of the lesson
Organizational
moment
Motivationally
tentative stage
Search stage
Dynamic pause
Promotion stage
emotional
activity
Content
Entering the day
greeting
Game motivation,
surprise moment
creating a problematic
situations
Finding a solution
problem situation
Physics "Clock"
Educator's story with
playing out the plot with
planar
1 min.
2 minutes.
4 minutes
1 min.
4 minutes
3
Dynamic pause
Practical stage
Reflective evaluative
stage
figurines on
flannelgraph
An outdoor game "Find
your house "
Self
creative activity
children
Discussion of the results 2 min.
3 min.
3 min.
12. Course of the lesson:
1. Organizing time.
Educator:
All the children gathered in a circle
I am your friend and you are my friend.
Let's hold hands tight
And let's smile at each other!
Guys, I'm very glad to see you all! Grasp the handles, give a friend
a smile to a friend! Fine!
2. Organizational-orientational stage.
Girls and boys, the postman brought you a letter this morning! You
wondering what is in the envelope? Let's see together
(the teacher opens the envelope): some note: “Wait for me today at
guests. And who I am - guess: (riddle about the mouse S.Fomin)
I love to tease a cat
Drink from his plate
Imperceptibly, very cleverly,
Steal cheese from a mousetrap.
With a long ponytail baby
Guess who I am ... (Mouse!)
Educator: Guys, who do you think this is?
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Children: Mouse.
There is a knock on the door, the teacher looks out and returns with a bi doll
babo Mouse on hand.
Mouse: Hello guys!
Children: Hello, Mouse!
Mouse: Guys, I'm very glad to see you all. And I need your help. You
love doing math and already know some geometric
figures. Please remind me what they are called?
(The mouse attaches images of geometric shapes to the magnetic board
(circle, triangle, square), and the children call them. Then the Mouse attaches
rectangle.)
Mouse: And I am not familiar with this figure yet?
Educator: Guys, let's help the Mouse! Who can name this
figure?
Children: Rectangle.
Educator: Let's repeat everything together - a rectangle.
(Children loudly and clearly pronounce the name - a rectangle.
selectively ask individual children to speak.)
Search stage.
Educator: And what geometric shape does the rectangle look like?
Children: Square.
Educator: That's right! And now you and I will learn to distinguish
rectangle and square (leave only these two on the magnetic board
figures), but for this, children, you need to sit down.
(Handouts prepared on the desks: one rectangle
and one square of paper for each child.)
Educator: Put a square in front of you, circle it with your finger,
tell me, does it have sides?
5
Children: Yes, there is.
Educator: How many are there?
Children: A lot, four.
Educator: Does the square have corners?
Children: Yes, there is.
Educator: How many are there?
Children: Four, many.
Educator: Now put a rectangle in front of you and circle it
finger. Tell me, does he have sides? How many are there?
Children: Yes, four.
Educator: Does the rectangle have corners? How many are there?
Children: Yes, four.
Educator: Look carefully and tell me how it differs
rectangle from square?
Children: (children's answers).
Educator: How can you check?
Children: Superimpose.
(Children compare figures by superimposing a square on
rectangle)
Educator: What do we see now? What can we say?
Children: (children's answers).
Educator: (Summarizing the children's answers) We can conclude that the upper and
the lower sides of the rectangle are longer than those of the square, and the left and right
equal in length.
(When showing, attention must be paid to ensure that the children are correct
showed the sides and corners of geometric shapes: the sides must be drawn
with your finger along its length (this is a segment), draw the corners with your finger,
denoting the sides of the corner.)
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Mouse: Thank you guys for helping me! Now let's get a little
let's play!
Dynamic pause.
Physics "Clock":
The mouse climbed for the first time (marching forward in small steps)
See what time it is (with the index finger of your right hand
Suddenly the watch said: “Bom!” (Hands on the belt, shaking his head to the left
to the right, one clap over your head)
The mouse climbed a second time (they go forward in small steps, raising
knees high)
show on the wrist of the left hand)
Suddenly the clock said: "Bom, bom!" (hands on the belt, shaking the head to the left
right, two claps over your head)
The mouse rolled over. (run back on toes, rotational
arm movements at chest level)
The mouse climbed up for the third time (they walk forward on their toes with small
steps)
See what time it is. (with the index finger of the right hand
show on the wrist of the left hand)
Suddenly the clock said: "Bom, bom, bom!" (hands on belt, head shaking
left to right, three claps per word over your head)
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The mouse rolled over. (run back on toes, rotational
arm movements at chest level)
The stage of increasing emotional activity.
Educator: Thank you, Mouse for fun game! Sit down with
guys on the rug, and I'll tell you a story about a rectangle and a square.
(The teacher accompanies his story by playing out the plot with the help
plane figures of heroes on the flannelgraph.)
“In the kingdom of the state of geometric figures lived Rectangle
and Square. “I'm so clumsy,” said Rectangle if I climb
full length, becoming tall and narrow. Like this! And if I lie on my side, then
getting short and fat. Like this! And you always stay
the same, he said, referring to the Square and standing, and sitting, and lying "
“Yes, I answered with pride Kvadrat: all sides are equal for me.” AND
turned over from side to side, but its height and width did not change because of this.
But one day this is what happened. One girl was walking in the woods and got lost.
She didn't know which way to go, where her home was. And suddenly she met
Square and Rectangle. Since the Square had a very important look,
the girl turned to him: “May I climb on top of you and see where my
house? "She first climbed on one side of it, but did not see anything because of
trees, then asked the Square to roll over, but this time nothing
i did not see it, since all sides of the square are equal. “Maybe I can
help you?" asked the humble Rectangle. He stood up to his full height,
the girl climbed onto it and was above the trees. She saw her house and
learned where to go. “Come on, we'll see you out,” suggested Kvadrat. Suddenly on
their path turned out to be a river. "Mr. Square, help me across the river
get over! "Asked the girl. The square approached the river and wanted
reach the other side, but splash and fell into the water. kind
The rectangle helped his comrade get out of the water. And then I lay down on my side and
8
became a bridge. The girl ran across the Rectangle and found herself at home.
“Thank you,” the girl said to the geometric shapes, you didn’t leave me
in the woods and helped to find the way home. Now I know, the girl turned to
A rectangle that you are very useful figure". "What are you, modestly
replied Rectangle, just my sides are of different lengths: two are long, and
two short ".
Educator: Guys, did you like the fairy tale? What are the sides
rectangle?
Children: two are long and two are short.
Dynamic pause.
Educator: Now let's play the game "Find your house" with you.
An outdoor game "Find your house".
There are two hoops on the floor. In the nutria one is a square, and in the other is a rectangle.
Children are divided into two groups: some have squares, others have rectangles.
Everyone scatters, and when they hear the tambourine hit, each of the children must
find your house: those whose square runs to the hoop, where the square lies, and
those with a rectangle to a hoop with a rectangle.
Educator: Well done! Now we will play the game "What is it like?"
be very careful - look around and name the items,
similar to a rectangle.
Children: (children's answers).
Practical stage.
Educator: You have leaflets with a picture on your tables
rectangle and colored pencils. Finish the drawing so that
turned out to be some kind of rectangular object.
(Children complete the task.)
Reflective evaluation stage.
for children of the middle group
"Acquaintance with the rectangle"
Purpose: to form an idea of \u200b\u200b\\ u200b \\ u200bthe rectangle, the ability to recognize a rectangle and select it from a variety of shapes of different shapes.Demo material: square 4 pcs., oval - 2 pcs., circle 5 pcs., triangle 3 pcs., rectangle - 1, houses with windows (square, oval, round, triangular, rectangular), numbers 1-5.
Handout: square 4 pcs., oval - 2 pcs., circle 5 pcs., triangle 3 pcs., rectangle - 1, houses with windows (square, oval, round, triangular, rectangular), numbers 1-5, wooden sticks of different lengths for games "Build a rectangle".
Course of the lesson:
1. Introduction to the game situation.
Didactic tasks : motivate children to be included in play activities.
-Do you guys like to play in the yard?
- What games? Do you like to play in the sandbox? Today we will go to the city of geometric shapes. Look, in one quiet courtyard, in the sandbox, the geometric shapes of the baby are gathered.
2. Game "Find your home".
Didactic tasks: train the ability to distinguish between geometric shapes, correlate the number with the number of geometric shapes.
On the board there are houses for geometric figures, a sandbox in which there are little figures. Each child has a card with houses on the table and a set of geometric shapes to play with.
-At lunchtime, all the guys are called home: to eat, relax andgeometric shapes - the little ones also heard that they were being called home.
-What shape is this house? (triangular) Who lives here? Why? How many triangle kids came running for lunch? (3) What number is needed to indicate the number? (3)
-And which of the geometric shapes-babies will rush to this house? (square) Why don't you take this one, is it also yellow? (it's not the color that matters, but the shape) How many are there? (4) What number do we designate? (four)
-What are these figures without corners, without sides? (circles) What house do they live in? How many are there? (five)
- Did you recognize these figures? That's right, these are ovals. How many ovals are there? (2)
- Guys, we met a new figure. This is ... (rectangle)
3. Physical education "The Way Home".
Didactic tasks: organize leisure children, develop imagination, foster a culture of behavior, train the ability to distinguish between right and left legs.
All the children fled to their homes. And we'll show you how they did it. Look at the blue tracks with your right foot, at the red ones with your left. Children take turns following the footsteps, repeating: right, left, right, left ...
4. Game "Build a rectangle".
Didactic tasks: train the ability to distinguish between geometric shapes, based on their properties.
-In front of you are sticks of different lengths, as well as beans, which will help us fix the sides of the rectangle.
- Let's take another look at the rectangle. What can you tell about his sides? (two sides are long and two are short) Place a rectangle on the table. Fine. Now let's fix the sides of the rectangle with beans. Like this (showing the teacher). Well done.
5.Work in notebooks
Didactic tasks:
consolidate the knowledge gained in class, develop thought processes, speech.
- Finish the drawings. What do they have in common?
- Paint five rectangular windows in the house to the left of the flower bed, and none of them are rectangular in the house to the right of it.
Didactic tasks:
restore in the memory of children what was in the lesson, create a situation of success.
- What figure did we meet today? What did you like in class today?
The teacher praises the children for the fact that they know geometric shapes, know how to find and name them.
Synopsis of the final lesson in mathematics in the middle group of kindergarten, topic: "In the land of geometric shapes"
Objectives:
Reveal the knowledge gained, ideas, skills that children received during the school year.
Improve the ability to correlate a figure with a quantity, compare aggregates and establish equality between them;
Improve knowledge of geometric shapes and the shape of objects;
Improve the ability to analyze objects and isolate from the presented number an extra one by a characteristic feature;
To develop mental operations, attention, the ability to navigate in space, compare objects in size, understand the independence of number.
To develop in children curiosity, mutual assistance, self-esteem skills, general and fine motor skills.
Equipment:
Demo material:
Pictures for a dynamic pause, pictures "geometric flags", pictures "who is superfluous at the table?", Pictures for gymnastics for the eyes.
Handout:
Worksheets with tasks "geometric trees", "geometric houses", "geometric swing", "geometric fishing".
Scissors, glue, sheets of paper, geometric shapes cut from colored paper.
Colored pencils, fans with numbers, pictures of geometric shapes with a given color for each shape for coloring.
Course of the lesson:
Welcome game "Our smart heads"
Our smart heads
They will think a lot, cleverly.
The ears will listen
Mouth speak clearly.
The handles will clap
Legs will stomp.
The backs are straightening
We smile at each other.
Game situation "Travel to the land of geometric shapes"
Today we will take a trip to the land of geometric shapes. What geometric shapes do you know? Circle, oval, triangle, rectangle, square are plane figures. There are also three-dimensional figures - a cube, a ball, a cylinder.
In a geometrical country, geometrical figures are everywhere, everywhere.
Quantitative and ordinal counting, numbers
Exercise "Geometric Trees"
Before you are trees with crowns that look like geometric shapes. Count how many trees there are in the picture? Five trees.
Show a tree with a circle-like crown (oval, triangle, rectangle, square).
What is the tree with a round crown (oval, triangular, rectangular, square)?
Value, numbers
Exercise "Geometric Houses"
Consider geometric country houses.
What do you think, in which house does which geometric figure live?
Whose house is the highest (lowest)?
Whose house is the widest (narrowest)?
To whose house does the longest (shortest) path lead?
Show on a fan a number indicating the number of floors in a square house (rectangular, triangular).
Orientation in space
Exercise "Arrange Geometric Shapes on the Sheet"
Now turn the sheets of paper over to the back, blank side and prepare cardboard geometric shapes for work.
Place a square in the upper right corner.
Place a circle in the middle of the sheet.
Place the triangle in the lower left corner.
Place the oval in the upper left corner.
Place the triangle in the lower right corner.
Dynamic pause "Count and do"
How many triangles are there in the green Christmas tree,
Do so many bends immediately. (3)
How many oval pies on a plate,
Perform the same number of jumps immediately. (five)
How many rectangular glasses for guests,
Do so many squats quickly. (four)
There are many round vases on the shelf.
Clap your hands so many times. (one)
How many square flags were hung for us
So many turns now. (2)
Thinking
Didactic game "Who is superfluous at the table?"
What geometric figure do you think is superfluous at the rounded table? What do you think is the superfluous figure at the polygonal table?
Independence of numbers
Exercise "Geometric Flags"
Which square flags are larger, blue or red? They are equally divided. This means that the number of flags does not depend on their color.
Which rectangular flags are larger, small or large? They are equally divided. This means the quantity does not depend on the size.
What triangular flags are there more, those that are lined up in a circle, or those that are lined up in a row? They are the same number. This means the number does not depend on the location.
Comparison of populations
Exercise "Geometric swing"
Geometric shapes roll on the swing. On the left side of the swing, sit for three laps. And on the right side, plant ovals, one less than circles. What can be done to equalize the number of circles and ovals? Add one oval or remove one circle.
Fine motor skills, eye
Exercise "Catch a fish"
Place a pencil point in the middle of each fish and connect that point to the hooks.
Find with your eyes an object similar in shape to a triangle (circle, square, oval, rectangle).
Cutting with scissors "Geometric shapes"
How to make triangles from a square using scissors?
How to make squares from a rectangle using scissors?
How to make two semicircles from a circle?
Construction "Geometric Picture"
Make a picture from the geometric shapes you have obtained and stick it on a sheet of paper. This picture will remind you of your journey to the land of geometric shapes.
And take home this coloring. (A picture with an image composed of geometric shapes with a specified color for coloring each shape).
About everything in the world:
In 1930, The Rogue Song, a film about the kidnapping of a girl in the Caucasus Mountains, was released in the US. Actors Stan Laurel, Lawrence Tibbett and Oliver Hardy played local crooks in this film. Surprisingly, these actors are very similar to the heroes ...
Section materials
Lessons for the younger group:
Classes for the middle group.
Lesson summary in middle group
On the subject: "Rectangle and Square"
Purpose: to form in children ideas about the essential features of a rectangle and a square, being guided by which, they could recognize these figures, develop the ability to observe and compare.
Developing environment: geometric shapes, drawings, with geometric shapes, add a pattern game, play ball, colored pencils.
Course of the lesson:
Educator: Children, today I will tell you a fairy tale. It is unusual, mathematical and called "Relatives".
There was an important figure in the world. Its importance was recognized by all people, as in the manufacture of many things. Her form served as a model. Whoever she met on her way, they all boasted, "Look what beautiful view: my sides are all equal, the corners are all right. There is no figure in the world more beautiful than me. "The teacher shows the figure of a fairy-tale square and asks the children to name the figure (square).
Educator: How did you know? (the sides are equal, the corners are straight). To check, children measure the sides of a square using a conventional yardstick. Children are asked to find a square among the geometric shapes on the table and check the equality of the sides using the application method. Using a square, it is checked that the corners of the square are straight.
Educator: the square walked around the world, and his loneliness began to weigh on him: there was no one to talk to and work with in good company. And I decided to look for the square for relatives ... "If I meet a relative, I immediately recognize him
Thought Square, - after all, he must be like me "
On the way, he met such a figure on the way (the teacher shows a fabulous rectangle)
The Square looked closely at her and saw something familiar. "What's your name?" - asks.
Educator: Did you find out, children?
Children: It's a rectangle.
Educator: Why is it called that?
Children: All corners are straight.
the teacher will suggest to the children using a conditional measure to measure the length of the sides of the rectangle and leads the children to the conclusion that the rectangle has sides. Which lie one against the other are equal. The corners are checked in the same way as for the square. Children are asked to find a rectangle among the geometric shapes on the table.
Together with the teacher, the children conclude that a square is different from a rectangle (all sides of a square are equal, and only opposite sides of a rectangle)
Educator: The rectangle has that side. which is longer is called "length", the side which is shorter is called "width". How to determine where a square has a length and where is a width?
Children: a square has all sides of the same length. Physical education.
Educator: Now listen to the continuation of the tale. The square asks the rectangle:
Are we relatives with you?
I would also be glad to know about this, - says the rectangle - If we find 4 signs by which we are similar, it means that you and I are close relatives and we may have the same surname.
Let's help the shapes find such signs.
Children: The figures have 4 corners, all angles are straight, they have 4 sides equal, opposite sides are equal.
Educator: And what is their common surname?
Children: rectangles.
Educator: The figures were delighted that they found each other. They rest together and work.
Ball game "Find a word for a given geometric figure"
Children line up at the edge of the carpet. He names each child a geometric figure. The child returns the ball and names a similar object to this geometric figure.
Task: "Find the extra"
Five figures are drawn on the leaves:
Children find extra figurefocusing on the shape of the figures.
Physical education:
How many squares are green here
so many inclinations
How many circles we have here,
Let's do so many circles.
(There are seven squares and seven circles on the board)
Game "Fold the Pattern".
The teacher invites children to make patterns from cubes so that there is no square or rectangle in the middle.
The teacher is distinguished by the activity of children in the classroom.
Shigorina Tatiana Pavlovna
Topic: Secrets of Trees.
PURPOSE: To acquaint children with the features of trees. Teach to see the relationship of trees with environment (water, sun, soil, animals, insects). To activate the ability to examine the cut down part of the tree using various analyzers. Anchor the names of parts of the tree. Continue teaching children to hypothesize, ask questions, define November concepts, conduct experiments, draw conclusions. To form an idea of \u200b\u200bthe importance of trees in human life, to give an idea of \u200b\u200bthe manufacture of paper. To foster respect for trees, ecological culture.
PROCESS OF THE LESSON
Q: Children, where does the morning begin?
D: From morning exercises, from a smile, from washing, from breakfast. What are the words to start a new day? The morning begins with a greeting. Let's smile and say hello to the guests, give everyone a good mood.
Q: Let's remember what time of year it is? Please prove that it is autumn.
D: It got cold outside. Cold wind is blowing. The sun does not warm like in summer. The days are getting shorter and the nights are getting longer. Fogs often cover the ground. Adults and children dress warmly. The birds flew away to warm lands. The animals are preparing for winter. People are harvesting. There are heavy rains. The grass dries up. Leaves fall from trees.
Q: Autumn (what kind?)
D: Gold-haired, playful, variable, rainy, dark, gloomy, crimson, quiet, fruitful, dull, hazy, cold, dreamy, charming, sad, generous, hardworking, rich.
What month of autumn is it? Why is it called that? (November).
And today we will look at everything related to trees and the phenomena of November.
Didactic game "Who is friends with trees?"
Need to choose illustrations with tree friends and explain why they are friends? (Create a schema).
Exercise "Do trees look like people?"
Q: Do children look like trees to people?
D: Trees have children and people have children.
Yes, because they are alive, they breathe.
Their branches are like human hands, and their trunks are like legs.
They move, rustle leaves.
Q: Trees grow like people.
D: No, because people can walk and talk, but trees cannot).
Q: - And the trees have noses? Can they breathe?
D: - No, there are no noses, but they breathe, like us. The leaves help them in this. Each sheet has small holes to absorb air. The leaf inhales the polluted air and gives off clean air.
Q: - And the trees have eyes? Can they see?
D: - No, which means they cannot see).
Q: - Do trees have a mouth? How do they eat?
D: - Trees get the necessary nourishment from the roots. The roots absorb nutrients dissolved in water.
Q: - What parts does the tree consist of?
D .: - root, trunk, crown, branches.
Q: - We will turn into researchers and will investigate parts of the tree, sit down at your seats.
Experience 1. "Signs of a tree."
Q: What is it? (Part of a tree, stump). Examine the sawn piece of wood. What does it feel like? (Hard, warm, smooth, rough). What color is it? (brown). Smell. What does wood smell like? Wood keeps warm, so houses are built from it.
Experience 2. "The age of the tree."
Q: How can you find out the age of a person? How do you think you can find out how long a tree lives? Usually than older tree, the thicker it is. If a tree is cut down, then on the sawn-down place rings will be visible, by which they determine how old the tree is. They are also called annual rings: a year has passed - one ring has been added.
Experience 3 "Measuring the thickness of the trunk with a rope."
Children use a rope to measure the thickness of the sawn parts of the tree, on which they make a mark with a felt-tip pen. Straighten both ropes, compare them in length. Determine who has a thicker stump (work in pairs).
We have determined the age of the tree, and now let's play a little.
Didactic game "Autumn Leaves".
1. The leaf is yellow, like ... (dandelion, chicken, sun, gold)
2. The leaf is light, like ... (fluff, feathers, snowflake, cobweb)
3. The leaf flies around and circles, like ... (bird, butterfly, color petal)
4. The ground is covered autumn leaveslike ... (carpet, blanket, bedspread)
Exercise "Why it happens."
Q: Explain why the leaves are falling?
D: 1. Trees do not absorb water, this makes the leaves brittle and fall off.
2. It gets cold, the leaves dry.
3. In autumn there is little light, the days are short, so the leaves turn yellow and turn red
Q: And now we will come up with a fabulous explanation of why the leaves fall.
1) The wind does not want to be friends and tears off the leaves.
2) Autumn comes and enchants the tree until spring.
3) Autumn is boastful, shows off in front of summer, spring, winter, has very beautiful outfits, so it becomes gray.
4) Trees love summer, when autumn comes, they do not obey her and shed their leaves and fall asleep.
5) Autumn awakens an evil wind, it blows and picks off the leaves.
V .: Today we will find ourselves in a fairy tale and find out why the leaves fall. To do this, let's say the magic words.
Viewing a fairy tale-dramatization:
"The Tale of the Girl Marinku"
Marinka: Why do the leaves rustle? Why does it turn yellow in autumn?
Oak: My leaves whisper, because they rejoice in the sun. Green, because there are many, many green grains in each leaf. The grains are so small that you can't see them. But each grain is like a plant, hidden under the skin of a leaf. These plants prepare food for the entire tree.
Marinka: No, the roots feed the tree.
Oak: You can't live without roots either, it works like pumps pump water from the ground. Many necessary substances are dissolved in this water, but this is not enough. So the small green plants that are in the foliage start to work. They take dirty air from this air, water extracted by the roots, seeds-plants make building material for new branches, buds, roots.
Marinka: I didn't want to wake you up, I was clinging to the leaves, otherwise the last will disappear.
Oak: Oh you! It's time for me to rest. Now the days are getting shorter, there is less light, so it's time for trees to sleep. In the leaves, the green plants disappeared, dissolved. Like sugar in water, because they love warmth and generous sun. There were no green grains, the leaves became yellow and red, because yellow and red grains appeared. And then the leaves dry up and fall.
Marinka: What will you do without leaves? Who will feed you in winter?
Oak In winter, trees will neither eat nor drink. In winter, we do not grow, do not bloom, only sleep.
Q: I propose to return to kindergarten and test what Marinke and the oak told us about.
You should wave your hands, circle around you
Get down and up, get to the fairy world.
Q: Look at the green leaf that depicts? (Green leaf with plants).
How do plants benefit the tree? What does it take to make these factories work? (Sunny, light is the most important thing for the leaves).
Why do the leaves turn yellow? (In the fall there is little light, because the days are shorter. Green grains in the leaves - the plants disappear, only yellow and red ones remain).
Experience "Why is the leaf green"
Q: We put a piece of paper in a white cloth, knock on it with a cube. What has appeared on the fabric? (Green spots). It is this green substance that stains the leaf. When autumn comes, it gets colder, there is less sun. This green substance gradually diminishes until it disappears altogether. What happens then to the leaf. (It turns yellow, red, purple, orange).
Q: Guys, what are the benefits of trees? (It is a decoration of the park, gives fruit to people and animals, purifies the air, a home for animals, birds, gives people shade, coolness, heals, they make furniture, dishes, paper from it).
Paper making.
Q: What is the paper made of? To do good paper, you have to cut down trees. People have learned to make paper from used, waste paper to preserve trees.
Q: First we need to tear the paper into small pieces. Let's put them in a blender. Fill in everything hot water and whisk everything in a blender. I will do this myself, because hot water can burn yourself, and a blender is an electrical appliance, when using which you need to observe safety precautions. We got "gruel". Add PVA glue, gouache of any color. We get the solution.
Let's start the fun part - making a sheet of paper.
Q: In front of each of you is a towel on an oilcloth covered with a cloth, sponges and a hoop with a mesh. Take the embroidery hoop, dip it into the paper "gruel". When there is enough mixture in the net, cover the hoop with the "gruel" with a cloth and a sponge to collect excess moisture. Decorate with leaves, flower petals and leave to dry. (Children make paper, the teacher helps).
Q: The paper is ready to use when dry. I made the paper in advance, dried it and will show it now. Remember, used paper should be recycled - this will help keep many trees alive.
Lesson summary: simple and no problem.