Other sports in basketball. Basketball rules. general description of work

The name "basketball" is borrowed from english wordwhich is spelled correctly - basketball... It is a combination of words basket - "basket" and ball - "ball", literally - "Ball in the basket".

Nowadays basketball is a contact team game in which players try to throw the ball into the basket with their hands.

Games reminiscent of modern basketball were encountered among the ancient peoples of Scandinavia and the Indians of Mexico. The predecessor of this game can be considered the children's entertainment "duck on the rock", widespread in the 19th century.

Reference. The founder of basketball is James Naismith (Canada)... Then, according to the rules, it was required, throwing a pebble, to get to the top of a large stone.

Naismith formed the rules of the game when he was a teacher physical culture in one of the colleges in Massachusetts. He wanted to create a game for the winter season, when as a result weather conditions you can't compete in baseball, football. The task was to develop an outdoor indoor sport.

With his directions in 1891 in the gymnasium of a general education institution, baskets for holding basketball matches were fixed. The prototype was the containers usual for those times, intended for storing fruits and vegetables. They were fixed at a height of 3.05 m from the floor, which is an international standard to this day.

At first, students used ordinary soccer balls, and only a little later basketball ones appeared. The team consisted of 9 people, by the number of people in the group.

The first official match took place in 1892 at Springfield College... The game became very popular in a short time.

Basketball fever has literally swept the northeast of America. The rules developed by Naismith included everything 13 points, becoming the foundation for international basketball. Today these provisions barely fit on 200 pages.

Everything about the features of modern sports

These include the need for excellent coordination of movements.In order to effectively play the game, it is required that the athlete has elasticity, jumping ability, and mobility. Teamwork must be well-coordinated. A well-developed eye is required, an intuitive understanding of the intentions and strategies of other team members, requiring instant decision-making. All this is relevant for effective team play, career advancement.

Determination of goals, objectives and principles of the game

The main purpose of this sport is the maximum throw of the ball into the basket, while strictly following certain rules. Different points are awarded depending on the distance of the hit.

International basketball regulations have been officially established in 1932... The rules literally changed before 2004... Playing 2 teams of twelve participants (five on the field, the rest are replacement).

The ball can be played exclusively with hands. Violation of the provisions includes running with the ball in hand without hitting the floor.

The team that can score the most points wins. If the score is identical, after the playing time, an overtime ( 5 minutes are given). Maybe a few overtimes are assigned to finalize the winner.

How to play basketball correctly

A game like basketball has a set of rules.

Player characteristics

According to basketball rules, there are 3 positions, also called roles, including defender, striker (forward) and center. Based on a specific situation, the forward is subdivided into light and powerful, and the defender can be point guard and attacker. There are certain requirements for the player of each position.

Attention! Point guard must master the situation better than others, have excellent speed and jumping ability. Evaluate weak sides their opponents, skillfully using them in the interests of their team.

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Dribbling

Following the rule, the player should know that the ball should not be hit on the surface without a clear target.

Such movements are used in basketball to defeat opponents. And also it is used when holding tightly against opponents or approaching the ring.

If it is possible to pass the ball, then this practice does not apply. The beginning of the introduction is considered to be throwing the ball into the backboard and touching. The end of the process is touching the ball with both hands at once. It also includes holding the ball for a certain period in one or more hands.

Duration of the match

Technically, the NBA basketball game continues 48 minutes... When accounting for timeouts and fouls, interruptions, the duration fluctuates within 1.5-2 hours... The game is divided into four quarters... Each one can go on within 12 minutes... When there is a tie in the fourth quarter, additional additional five minutes... In a situation in which the score is equal, 5 more minutes... This tendency continues until the score becomes unequal.

Glasses

The winners are the players who were able to score more points based on the results of the rivalry. If the score of the teams is the same, another 5 minutes... All this continues until it becomes clear who won.

One hit to the basket results in the same scoring. One point is awarded for a hit from the foul line, and 2 - for a throw from close range. Threeassigned for performing a throw from a distance 6.25 m.

The meaning of the rule of seconds and two steps

The essence of these rules is as follows: the athlete is given 5 sec. for throwing in the ball and performing a free kick. The countdown starts as soon as the basketball player starts to hold the ball. From that time on, he was recognized as alive. This rule allows you to optimize the gameplay. A player is not allowed more than 5 second... When these norms are fulfilled, it is possible to eliminate the waste of time, which makes it possible to intensify the game.

Description of the basketball field

You can play basketball on a special playground. In accordance with the rules of the game basketball the site must have a solid rectangular surface, without any disturbance. Since the game is mobile, falls are possible, which, unfortunately, lead to serious injuries.

Reference. Great attention is paid to the quality of the coating. At many sites used rubber cover (crumb)... Such a surface is non-slip, which is safe for sports training.

For officially held FIBA \u200b\u200bcompetitions, the field size must be 28 m long and 15 m wide.

Measurement is taken from the inner edge of the bounding lines. For competitions of a different level, size reduction is allowed 26x14 meters.

Ceiling height is seven meters... The surface of the matches requires good lighting. The light sources are positioned so that they do not interfere with the eyes of the players.

Site markup

She has 207 linear meters total length... The elevation of the marking above the surface of the coating to a height not exceeding 2 mm... The markings are made using a special rubberized paint.

Important! According to the new provisions, changes have been made to the markup concerning three-second zone, jog line distance changed, additional throw-in lines included.

Information about basketball equipment, its pictures

To play basketball you need special equipment.

What ball should it be

Produced in the shape of a sphere. A traditional pattern is applied to the ball, consisting of 8 parts, which are separated by recesses not exceeding 0.6 cm. The projectile consists of leather, rubber, synthetic materials.

Photo 1. Basketball from Nike. The projectile is orange with black stripes.

A prescribed inflation rate is required, at which the ball must bounce from the height of the fall onto the platform to a height of 1.20 m.The circumference is 74 mm, and the weight is allowed within 567-650 grams.

Shield and ring

Shields white are made of transparent material. Dimensions 180x105 cm... Inaccuracy allowed 2-3 centimeters... The front surface is smooth. White line markings are applied to the shield. Behind the ring is a rectangle 59x45 cm.

The basket (also called a ring with a net) is fixed at a height 3.05 m from the floor... Made of durable steel, painted orange. A white cord is used in the nets. When developing the design, it was taken into account that the ball would be delayed for a moment when it hit the basket. The mesh is attached to the ring with twelve loops. The upper part is made strong to prevent tangling and kickback of the ball.

Photo 2. Backboard and hoop for playing basketball. The entire structure is installed at a height of 3.05 meters from the floor.

The benefits of classes

This sport requires extraordinary stamina... The gameplay contains a large number of versatile techniques that require technical skills. An athlete uses many muscle groups necessary to perform certain maneuvers (run fast, jump high, etc.).

Reference. Playing basketball helps to maintain body muscles in good shape. It is estimated that during the match the player commits up to 40%tense movements.

When playing basketball the sensitivity to the perception of light impulses increases by 40%. Exercise promotes heart and respiratory development.

The danger of classes

This kind of sports games included in the TOP 10 most traumatic. In terms of the number of injuries, they give way exclusively to boxing or taekwondo. The most common are finger injuries.

They give basketball players a significant amount of discomfort, which reduces their activity on the field.

The athlete often has to face with knee injuries. This state of affairs is due to unexpected changes in direction and pace in close contact with rivals. Shoulders suffer when playing which is explained by the meeting of opponents.

In addition, injuries to the ankle, knee and back are common. To minimize them, it is necessary to pay increased attention to these parts of the body during warm-up. And choose the right equipment(clothes, shoes, knee pads). They must be of high quality. Following the recommendations of specialists will allow a basketball player to always remain in excellent physical shape.

Basketball is athletics or not

Basketball is a high-speed sport. Classes are carried out on a small site. An athlete must have many qualities. Among them are speed of reaction, agility and jumping ability. In athletics, basketball is considered a component of training activities.

Photo games

Photo 3. Basketball competition. A player of one team tries to throw the ball into the opponents' basket.

Photo 4. Basketball game. A player of one team is dribbling the ball, the opponent is trying to take it away.

Photo 5. Basketball game between women. The basketball player picked up the ball to pass it to another player.

Useful video

Watch the video for the basic rules of basketball.

Conclusion

Basketball was able to gain popularity in all corners of the world. The spread of this type of game is due to many factors, including the presence of diverse movements (walking and running)... Sports activities have a beneficial effect on the entire body. Some exercises are considered to be quite beneficial, which is why they are present in most health-improving physical education courses.

In particular, metabolic processes and the functioning of all body systems are improved.The gameplay can be carried out both in the hall and on the site located on the street. This game does not require expensive equipment and uniforms.

As the statistics say search engines Yandex and Google, very often a request such as: basketball rules and basketball rules... The most interesting thing is that among the first sites that appear on this request, there is not a single one that can fully answer these questions.

That is why I decided to write an article in which in detail, and most importantly, qualitatively, an exhaustive answer to such a question will be given. In this article, we will talk about basic basketball rules, for which local tournaments can be held (for example, a championship among classes or schools) and about the official FIBA \u200b\u200brules as last amended in 2018 and valid as of March 2019.

Basketball rules

Basic basketball rules

Basketball is both simple and difficult at the same time. Ultimately, it all depends on your level of play and, probably, this is precisely where its attractiveness manifests itself. One of the reasons basketball is growing in popularity is that it is relatively easy to learn how to play it. The rules can be understood even the first time, although, of course, they have their own subtleties, difficulties and nuances.

As paradoxical as it may sound, but the goal of the basketball game can be formulated using seven simple words: « The one who scores more points is the one who wins". That's all. Points are calculated as follows:

• for a free throw, one point is awarded;
• for a throw made from within the 3-point line, 2 points are awarded;
• for a throw from behind the 3-point line - 3 points.

So, we can count (by the way, often on the street throws are counted by 1 and 2 points, and free throws are not made, instead the ball is thrown in from the side or endline), now a few words about the basic rules of the game of basketball.
The most interesting thing is that most basketball rules talk about what can not be done, and about what can be - only a small part of them. So, for those who are just starting to play basketball, the following rules will be enough:

• on the ball can't be hit with feet or fist, as well as dribble with both hands at the same time;
• can't be pushed the player with the ball, hitting his hands, tripping and performing similar actions;
• you cannot run with the ball in your hands: if you owned the ball and decided to take it in 2 hands, then you need to either throw it into the ring, or pass it to your partner (with the ball in your hands, after the end of the dribble, you can take 2 steps). If you start dribbling again, it will be considered a violation of the rules and the ball will go into possession of the other team;
• Ball goes outif the player who owns it steps out of bounds with his foot or if the ball itself hits the floor out of bounds;
• Jump with the ball in hand unacceptable. If you jumped with the ball in your hands, then before landing you need to throw around the ring or give the ball to your teammate. Well, as a last resort, just throw it away somewhere. If you jumped with the ball in your hands and landed with the ball, then the ball goes to the other team. (I am not specifically talking about the so-called "jumping", because for beginners this element will cause a lot of controversy);
• The game can continue until a certain score (11, 15, 21 points) or by time (2 periods of 10-15 minutes, or 4 periods of 7-10 minutes). Time is mainly related to the basic physical training of novice basketball players, who generally cannot run away with high quality for a long time, therefore, they often make 2 periods of 10 minutes for schoolchildren and novice players.

So, in general, this set of basketball rules is enough to master the basics of this game. Now let's move on to the rules for more experienced athletes.

Official Basketball Rules 2016 - 2019

In fact, all basketball is divided into two streams (or two large groups): American and European. And it is European basketball that is constantly trying to catch up with American basketball in its development, regularly changing the rules of the game, trying to bring them as close as possible to their colleagues from the United States. By the way, in one of the articles you can read about.

European basketball, and therefore its rules, is governed by FIBA - International Basketball Federation, founded back in 1932 in Rome. The first countries that created this federation were: Argentina, Italy, Greece, Romania, Czechoslovakia, Switzerland and Portugal; and then the organization was called " International Amateur Basketball Federation ". Yes, indeed, at first all European basketball was called amateur, and only American athletes were considered professionals. In 2000, the organization changed its name, removing the word "amateur" from its name, but the abbreviation remained, for sure, as a tribute to tradition.

Latest revision basketball rules is the version from February 2, 2014taken in Barcelona, \u200b\u200bSpain. These basketball rules entered into force on October 1, 2014, and it is on them that all official basketball competitions are held, including the European and World Basketball Championships.

By the way, the official basketball rules are laid out on 93 pages, which describe in detail every element of basketball. For example, the first paragraph of the first article tells us what a basketball game is: “Basketball is played by two (2) teams, each of which has five (5) players. The goal of each team is to put the ball into the opponents' basket and prevent the other team from putting it into the basket. " However, despite this detailed description the rules of the game of basketball, every day players have certain questions about the interpretation of the rules of basketball. Indeed, what should be the contact in order to be able to safely commit an offensive foul? Which block shot is considered correct and which should be declared a foul? In general, digging through the Internet, I found an interesting document called “ Official interpretations of the official basketball rules 2014 ". This 59-page guide provides information on how to understand the individual rules of basketball.

What's more cool is that both in the basketball rules and in interpretations, a part of the text is highlighted in yellow: this means that this item is either new, or - it was he who changed in the new edition. That is, the coach and the referees will immediately be able to assess the degree and nature of changes in the rules of basketball.

All current basketball rules (as amended in 2018)

Download the official basketball rules 2017 and their interpretation can be found at the links:

• Fiba Official Rules 2010
• Interpretations of Fiba rules 2010
• FIBA Official Rules 2014 (valid in 2015, 2016)
• Interpretations of FIBA \u200b\u200bRules 2014 (introduced in 2015, effective in 2015-2016; changes are highlighted in yellow, relative to the previous version)
• Triple judging mechanics
• Changes to the rules from October 1, 2018

In general, I hope that the information given above turned out to be quite useful, in any case, many questions for me immediately disappeared after reading the corresponding sections. Just do not try to immediately implement all the rules on the site where you often play: most are simply not ready for such changes. For example, I have an acquaintance who read about the "rule of the cylinder" and began regularly (once every three attacks) to announce that the "rule of the cylinder" was being violated against him. I think there is no need to continue about how they began to react to this after the third or fourth time. So: you need to know the rules of the game of basketball, but it is not recommended to abuse them.

Basketball is a dynamic and entertaining sport that allows you to get good physical activity and learn to work in a team.

You can play basketball all year round: in summer - on fresh air, in the winter - in the hall. Basketball hoops can be found on almost any indoor sports field.

History of origin

Basketball is a rare example of a popular sport that has a creator and date of origin. It was invented by American college professor James Naismith in 1891.

While working as a physical education teacher, he noticed that in winter timewhen all classes are held in the gym, students get bored of doing the same exercises.

Naismith remembered the duck-on-a-rock children's game, in which he had to throw a rock on top of another, larger rock.

He gave the students a ball, hung baskets without a bottom on opposite balconies of the gym.

After 45 years, basketball appeared in the program Olympic Games, which Naismith attended as a guest of honor. Nowadays basketball is one of the most popular sports.

It was most developed in the United States, where the National Basketball Association championship is held, but it is very popular in other countries as well.

Modern basketball

Modern basketball is played by a constantly changing lineup of five players.

The game is played on a 28x15 m area. At the far ends of the area, at a height of 290 cm, there are boards 180x105 cm in size, to which rings are attached.
The task of the teams is to throw the ball into the opponent's ring.

For a hit from close range, inside the so-called three-point line, which is located at a distance of 6 meters 75 centimeters from the ring (in the USA - 7 meters 24 centimeters), the team is awarded 2 points, from a further distance - 3 points, for a throw from a free kick - 1 point.

The winner is the team that scores the most points in four periods of 10 minutes (in the US, 12 minutes).

There are several varieties of basketball. One of them - minibasket, which was also invented by an American teacher.

Jay Archer used lightweight balls and lowered the height of the rings, adapting the game for children.

The most popular type of game was streetball... This street basketball variety emerged in poor areas of the United States in the 1950s.

In streetball, the game is played on one ring. Two teams of three people play. The attacking and defending teams change in turn.

How is it useful?

Basketball, like any team sport, requires constant feedback from each player, first of all, allows develop endurance.

Other qualities required for successful play are good coordination, flexibility, agility and jumping ability.

Plus, basketball is a great school to learn. teamwork... The success of the game depends not only on the developed eye of the players, but also on the ability to understand the intentions and tactics of other team members.

An important role is played by the ability to make decisions instantly, taking into account the game situation.

All these qualities will be useful both for working in a team and for moving up the career ladder.

Why is it dangerous?

Unfortunately, like most game sports, basketball is quite traumatic.

The most vulnerable place of a basketball player is his knees.

The specifics of the game suggest abrupt changes direction and pace, which alternate with forced jumps during throws, the fight for the ball and attempts to cover the throw.

All this happens during close contact with the opponent.

The second most common site of injury is the shoulder. The game is played with hands, and the contact between the players is often shoulder-to-shoulder.

In addition, due to frequent changes in direction of movement, the foot is often in an unnatural position, as a result of which the ankle is often injured.

Another specific injury for many streetball players is abrasion. Whereas “big” basketball is played on the floor, street basketball players often play on the asphalt.

How to avoid injury?

Most injuries while playing basketball can be avoided.

The way to protect yourself is the same for all playing sports: just before the game good warm-up and stretching are necessary.

Even better, the basketball hobbyist incorporates flexibility, coordination, and cardiovascular exercise into his daily routine.

In addition, it protects against leg injuries special shoes... "Basketball" sneakers hold the ankle tightly, preventing it from being damaged even under severe stress on the joint.

Professional athletes also wear special knee pads and even mouth guards to protect their teeth.

The most important

Basketball is a dynamic and entertaining sport. It trains endurance and coordination of movements, allows you to learn how to work in a team.

To avoid injury during the game, it is necessary to thoroughly warm up and stretch, and also use shoes specially designed for basketball.

Ball in a hanging basket.

In 1891, J. Naismith, an anatomy teacher at Springfield College (USA), developed the rules of the game of basketball. In Russia, the first match was played in 1906 in the city of St. Petersburg. Systematic basketball lessons improve the coordination of movements, train the respiratory organs and blood circulation, improve the regulatory function of the nervous system, develop muscles and strengthen health ... Basketball practice teens in preparatory groups children's sports schools start at the age of 11, in the main groups at the age of 12. The largest basketball tournaments are usually held in halls with a height of at least 7 meters on a rectangular court measuring 26x14 meters:

Figure: 1. Basketball court.

Parallel to the front lines, shields are installed on the racks (Fig. 2), on. which baskets are reinforced (a metal ring with a stretched mesh without a bottom).

Figure: 2. Basketball rack and backboard with a basket.

Basketball circumference 75 - 78 cm, weight 600 - 650 g. The game involves 2 teams of 12 people each. At the same time, there are 5 players on the court, who can be changed. For a ball thrown in the game, a team is awarded 2 points, from a penalty kick 1 point. The team with the most points wins. A match for men lasts 40 minutes of net play time (the stopwatch stops after each whistle from the referee); for women 36 minutes; for boys and girls 15-16 years old 30 minutes and for boys and girls 13-14 years old 24 minutes. The game time is divided into 2 halves (halves) with a 10-minute break. If after the set time of the game the teams have an equal number of points, an additional 5 minutes of play is assigned until one of the teams wins.

Since 1936, men's basketball has been an Olympic sport. At the Olympiads (1936, 1948, 1952, 1956, 1960, 1964, 1968), the titles of champions were won by US athletes. Soviet basketball players took second place at the 1952, 1956, 1960, 1964 Olympics. The titles of world champions were won: women - at the 1st (Chile, 1953) and 2nd (Brazil, 1957) championships - the USA, at the 3rd (USSR, 1959), 4th (Peru, 1964) and 5- m (Czechoslovakia, 1967) - USSR; men - 1st (Argentina, 1950) - Argentina, 2nd (Brazil, 1954) - USA, 3rd (Chile, 1959) and 4th (Brazil, 1963) - Brazil, 5th m (Uruguay, 1967) - USSR. The strongest basketball players in the world are:

• Otar Korkia;
• J. Krumins;
• Gennady Volnov;
• Modestas Paulauskas;
• Armenak Alachachyan (USSR);
• Radivoe Korach;
• Ivo Daneu (Yugoslavia);
• R. Cowsey;
• Lew Alcindor;
• William Russell;
• Wilt Chamberlain (USA).

Alexander Alexandrovich Belov (November 9, 1951, Leningrad - October 3, 1978, ibid.) - Soviet athlete, basketball player, Olympic champion of the Munich Olympics. Honored Master of Sports (1972). Center team "Spartak" (Leningrad) in 1967-1978. Considered one of the most prominent basketball players in the USSR.

One of the most dramatic episodes of the Munich Olympics (1972) in the final basketball match

The final basketball match was one of the most dramatic episodes of the Munich Olympics (1972). The national teams of the USSR and the USA met. Three seconds before the final whistle, the Americans were one point ahead of the Soviet national team. The Americans were already celebrating their victory. Three seconds before the end of the match, Ivan Edeshko threw the ball across the entire area to Alexander Belov, who dropped it into the basket. The victory of the USSR national team became a sensation. On April 20, 1986, basketball player Michael Jordan earned 63 points in one NBA playoff game. (S. G. Bashkin)

More about basketball in literature:

• Bashkin S.G., Basketball lessons, Moscow., 1966;
• Gomelsky A., Basketball tactics, M., 1966;
• Basketball, M., 1967.

abstract

Basketball rules

Pupils 7 "B" class

MOU gymnasium number 96

Koptseva Elena

1. What is basketball?

2. History of basketball

3. Rules of the game

5. Violations

7. Basic elements of the game

equipment rule game basketball

1. What is basketball?

Basketball (English basket, ball-ball) is a sports team game with a ball. Basketball is one of the most popular sports in the world.

The game reached its greatest development in the United States, where one of the strongest basketball championships was organized - the National Basketball Association (NBA) Championship, which is also considered a national sport in Lithuania.

2. History of basketball

A humble instructor at the College of the Youth Christian Association of Springfield, Massachusetts, named James Naismith. I found a way to diversify physical education lessons in college. On December 1, 1891, he tied two peach baskets to the railing of the balcony of the sports hall and, dividing eighteen students into two teams, offered them a game, the meaning of which was to throw more balls into the opponents' basket.

The idea of \u200b\u200bthis game originated in his school years, when children were playing the old game "duck-on-a-rock".

Quite pragmatically called "basketball" the game, of course, only vaguely resembled the enchanting spectacle that we know by this name today. Dribbling the ball did not exist, the players only threw it to each other, standing still, and strove, then to throw it into the basket, and only with both hands from below or from the chest, and after a successful throw one of the players climbed onto the ladder against the wall and removed the ball from baskets. From a modern point of view, the actions of the teams would seem to us sluggish and inhibited, but Dr. Naismith's goal was to create a game specifically collectively, in which a large number of participants could be involved simultaneously, and his invention fully answered this task.

3. Rules of the game

Initially, the rules of the game of basketball were formulated by the American James Naismith and consisted of only 13 points. Basketball has changed over time, and the rules have required changes. The first international rules of the game were adopted in 1932 at the first FIBA \u200b\u200bcongress, after which they were repeatedly corrected and changed, the last significant changes were made in 1998 and 2004. Since 2004, the rules of the game have remained unchanged.

Basketball is played by two teams, usually twelve people, each of which has five players on the court at the same time. The goal of each team in basketball is to throw the ball into the opponent's basket and prevent the other team from gaining possession of the ball and throwing it into their team's basket. The ball is played only with hands. Running with the ball without hitting the floor, deliberately kicking, blocking with any part of the leg, or punching it is a violation. Accidentally touching or touching the ball with a foot or leg is not a violation.

The winner in basketball is the team that scored the most points at the end of the playing time. If the score is equal, at the end of the regular time of the match, an overtime is assigned (usually five minutes of extra time), if the score is equal at the end of the match, a second, third overtime, etc., is assigned until the winner is determined match. For one hit of the ball in the ring, a different number of points can be awarded:

1 point - shot from the foul line

2 points - a throw from an average or close distance (closer to the three point line)

3 points - throw from behind the three point line at 6m 75cm (7m 24cm in the NBA) The game officially begins with a jump ball in the center circle when the ball is correctly tapped by one of the contestants. The match consists of four ten minute periods with two minute breaks. The duration of the break between the second and third quarters of the game is fifteen minutes. After a long break, the teams must exchange baskets.

4. Equipment for playing basketball

Playground

The playing area must be a rectangular, flat, solid surface with no obstructions.

For official FIBA \u200b\u200bcompetitions, the size of the playing court must be 28 meters long and 15 meters wide, measured from the inner edge of the boundary lines. For all other competitions, the relevant structures such as the Zonal Commission or the National Federation are entitled to approve existing playing fields with a minimum size of 26x14 meters. All new venues must be built in accordance with the requirements specified for the main official FIBA \u200b\u200bcompetitions, namely 28x15 meters. The ceiling height or distance to the lowest obstacle above the playing court must be at least 7 meters.

The playing surface must be evenly lit and sufficiently lit. Light sources should be located where they will not interfere with the vision of the players.

Basket

The basket (ring with mesh) is located 3.05 meters from the floor. The rings must have the following construction: material - strong steel, minimum inner diameter 45 cm and maximum inner diameter 45.7 cm, painted orange.

the ring must be attached to the shield structure

the upper plane of the ring should be located horizontally at a height of 3.05 m above the surface of the site at an equal distance from the vertical edges of the backboard;

the nearest point of the inner part of the ring should be located at a distance of 15 cm from the front surface of the backboard;

The meshes should be made as follows:

they must be of white cord suspended from the hoop and designed to momentarily stop the ball as it passes through the basket. The length of the net should be at least 40 cm and no more than 45 cm;

the net should have 12 loops for attaching to the ring;

the top of the net must be rigid enough to prevent from: (throwing the net onto the hoop and possibly entangling it; the ball in the net or the net throwing it back out).

Shield

The two shields must be made of suitable transparent material. Shields can also be made of other material (or materials), but must meet the above requirements, and be painted white.

The dimensions of the boards should be: 1.80 m (+ 3 cm) horizontally and 1.05 m (+ 2 cm) vertically. The lower edges of the backboards must be located at a height of 2.90 m from the surface of the site.

The front surface of the two boards: must be smooth, the edges must be marked with a line, a rectangle is drawn behind the ring. The outer dimensions of the rectangle are 59 cm horizontally and 45 cm vertically. The upper edge of the base of the rectangle must be at the level of the upper plane of the ring, all lines must be drawn as follows: white, if the shield is transparent, black in all other cases.

Ball

The ball must be in the shape of a sphere, and must be in the specified shade of orange. The ball should have a traditional eight-piece pattern, separated by notches (seams).

The outer surface of the ball must be made of leather, rubber or synthetic material.

It must be inflated to such an air pressure that, when dropped onto the playing court from a height of about 1.80 m, measured from the bottom surface of the ball, it bounces to a height not less than about 1.20 m and not more than about 1.40 m measured to the top of the ball.

The width of the seams and / or grooves on the ball must not exceed 0.6 cm.

The circumference of the ball must be at least 74 cm and no more than 78 cm. The weight of the ball must be at least 567 g and no more than 650 g.

5. Violations

out - the ball goes out of the playing area;

jogging -the player in control of the ball moves his legs beyond the limits set by the rules

dribbling violation, including passing the ball, double dribbling;

three seconds - the attacking player is in the free throw zone for more than three seconds while his team is in possession of the ball in the attacking zone;

five seconds - the player, when performing a throw-in, does not part with the ball for five seconds;

eight seconds - the team in possession of the ball from the defense zone did not take it to the attack zone in eight seconds;

24 seconds - the team had possession of the ball for more than 24 seconds and did not make an accurate shot on the ring. A team is entitled to a new 24 second possession if the ball thrown around the ring touches the arch of the ring or the backboard, or if the defending team is fouled.

closely guarded player - the player holds the ball for more than five seconds, while the opponent is closely guarding him;

violation of the return of the ball to the defense zone - the team in possession of the ball in the attacking zone transferred it to the defense zone.

6. Fouls

Foul is a violation of the rules caused by personal contact or unsportsmanlike behavior.

Types of fouls:

personal - foul due to personal contact.

technical foul - a foul not caused by contact with an opponent.

non-athletic - a contact foul in which the player did not attempt to play the ball within the rules.

disqualifying a foul is a foul due to egregious unsportsmanlike conduct.

The player who received 5 fouls in the match must leave the playing court and cannot take part in the match (but he is allowed to remain on the bench) The player who received a disqualifying foul must leave the match venue.

Penalty for Foul

Sanction: If the foul is committed on a player who is not in the shooting phase:

1) If a team fails to score 5 team fouls or the foul is committed by the player whose team was in possession of the ball, the injured team takes a throw-in;