Military units of Tambov. Inter-service center for training and combat use of electronic warfare troops. Educational center for electronic warfare troops: school of contactless combat Training center for electronic warfare
With a population of about 300 thousand people. There are several parts of the military space forces, ground forces, regional and district military registration and enlistment offices.
Military units of Tambov and Tambov region
The Tambov region has 6 military units :
- № 14272;
- № 6891;
- № 32217;
- № 10856;
- № 6797;
- № 2153.
7 military units are stationed in the city:
- one Interspecies Training Center and combat use electronic warfare troops - military unit No. 61460;
- one repair and restoration battalion (complex repair) - military unit No. 11385-8;
- one separate brigade electronic warfare - military unit No. 71615;
- one separate self-propelled mortar division - military unit No. 64493;
- one separate self-propelled artillery division - military unit No. 52192;
- two bases: one for storage and repair of equipment and weapons, the other for engineering.
Interspecies center for training and combat use of electronic warfare troops
This military unit in Tambov is a center for training military specialists in the field of electronic warfare and radio intelligence. The center is interspecific. This is the only specialized educational institution in modern army Russia.
For those who wish to pass military service in a training center under a contract, you should contact the personnel department, where specialists, if there are vacancies, will send you for an interview to the head of the training center.
Training military unit address
Address: Komissar Moskovsky street, building 1, Tambov, military training unit 61460. Index - 392006.
History of the Center for the Training and Combat Use of Electronic Warfare Troops
The Training Center was formed in 1962. IN Voronezh region, in the city of Borisoglebsk, 27 specialized school for the training of specialists in radio intelligence and radio interference was created. In 1975, the institution was transferred to the village of Pekhotka (Tambov). In 2009, the school was named the 1084th Interspecies Training Center for Electronic Warfare Troops.
The structure and life of the Tambov training center
The training of specialists lasts 5 months and they are distributed among military units for further service. Only 5% of all cadets remain in the training center, they are awarded the rank of sergeant. Cadets are trained in methods of fighting the enemy in the radio-electronic sphere, methods for reducing the quality of communications in enemy troops, and methods of using their own means of destruction.
The cadets are engaged in physical and drill training 4 hours a day, all the rest of the time is spent on exercises on virtual training simulators.
Field exercises of cadets are also taking place at a training ground near Tambov.
On Saturday the school day is traditionally an economic and bath day.
Soldiers live in barracks, rooms are designed for 5-6 people, there is washer and a machine for drying things. The buildings also have a recreation room, gyms, and a library. Classes for classes with the latest equipment and interactive visual aids are located on the territory of the unit.
The dining room, medical unit, infirmary are located in separate buildings, but on the territory of the unit.
There is a VTB Bank ATM at the checkpoint.
Hazing in a military unit
In military unit number 61460 not observed. Firstly, soldiers are examined every day for diseases or bodily injuries, and secondly, all servicemen are of the same age and conscription.
Oath-taking event by cadets
Until they are sworn in, soldiers are not allowed to make calls on mobile phone, and only a week before the solemn event they are given a call to inform their relatives about the time and date of taking the oath. Usually the gala event takes place on Saturday morning.
At the end of the official part of the event, a conversation is held with the parents of the conscripts, after which the soldiers receive a leave of absence (for several hours), which they spend with relatives and friends.
Communication with a conscript
Visits to military personnel are allowed on Saturday and Sunday, and on the rest of the week, meetings are possible only at the checkpoint.
Conversations with cadets by mobile phone are allowed on Sunday morning until lights out. During training time, they are all confiscated and held by the company commander.
If a soldier is placed in a military hospital or infirmary, you can visit him at any time with a pass.
How to get to the military unit of Tambov - training center
Direct buses and trains to Tambov leave from Moscow from Paveletsky and Kazansky train stations. The schedule can be found on the spot.
The military unit is located near railway station, about 10 minutes walk under the bridge. The part's checkpoint is located to the right of the bridge.
You can get there using a minibus taxi number 45, get off at the stop "Railway College" or "Eletskaya" and walk a few blocks.
By car, you need to enter the city from Michurinskoye Highway, continue the journey all the time straight to the bus station, pass a regulated intersection there and move straight for another 500 meters to the monument to the plane (next to it there is a necessary checkpoint).
In the article above, we examined the military units of Tambov.
Following an analysis of the use of military equipment in Syria, Supreme Commander-in-Chief Vladimir Putin asked the military department in 2017 to continue the development of high-precision weapons, modern communications, intelligence, command and control and electronic warfare.
Electronic warfare (EW)
Is a set of agreed measures and actions for:
Electronic destruction of enemy radio-electronic objects (functional defeat; electronic defeat; defeat with a homing weapon for radiation),
Information support (collection, analysis and generalization of data on the radio-electronic situation; technical reconnaissance of enemy radio-electronic objects; comprehensive technical control of the state and protection against technical means of reconnaissance of their objects),
Electronic protection (protection against means of electronic destruction; protection against unintentional interference (ensuring electromagnetic compatibility); protection of troops and objects from technical means of reconnaissance).
The system of command and control of troops and weapons makes it possible to implement the principles of waging network-centric wars, implying a transition from the territorial concentration of forces to their functional (information) integration. Naturally, this increases the role of electronic warfare and increases its capabilities (potentially - reducing the enemy's combat power by three times).
Taking into account the state of the electronic warfare equipment produced for the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, it is customary to speak of integrated electronic warfare systems, combining about 50 different complexes and means of various purposes (see table). In this case, the main problem is the creation of a single information space for electronic warfare equipment.
Until recently, the most secret in the entire arsenal of Russian electronic warfare equipment was the Krasukha-2 jamming station. It seems that at the present time the palm has passed to the station of suppression of communication lines "Murmansk-BN", capable of jamming more than two dozen frequencies at a distance of up to 5 thousand kilometers. However, there is no reliable evidence that the newest complex has such characteristics. Judging from the photographs available in open sources (several four-axle off-road trucks with multi-meter towers), where, in addition to the main antennas, characteristic low-frequency stretch antennas are visible, it can be assumed that this complex is capable of jamming signals in the range from 200 to 500 MHz. The coastal complex "Murmansk-BN" even outwardly has little resemblance to the fact that the ground forces of the Russian Federation are used to defend and counter the enemy. Some experts, commenting on the information on the combat duty of these complexes in the Russian army, note that in the case of the Murmansk-BN we are talking about strategic electronic countermeasures. The point is that the main task of the unique telescopic antennas and transmitters of the electronic warfare complex is to disorganize communication and control channels over great distances.
The main directions of development of electronic warfare in the Russian Federation are as follows:
Creation of highly mobile ground-based multifunctional electronic warfare systems for zonal and object protection of weapons and military equipment from electronic reconnaissance systems and destruction by guided weapons;
Creation of wide-range electronic warfare systems and means for group and individual protection of air, sea and land-based weapons and military equipment;
Development of means of electronic suppression of radio-electronic equipment (RES) with complex broadband signals, including those with rapidly tunable (from pulse to pulse) parameters;
Development of means of electronic suppression of multi-position systems of radar reconnaissance, target designation and weapon control;
Improving the accuracy of executive electronic intelligence to determine the location of emitting objects.
The main domestic manufacturers of electronic warfare equipment (market share):
JSC "Concern" Radioelectronic Technologies ", KRET (60%),
Concern Sozvezdie JSC (20%),
AO Berg Central Scientific Research Radio Engineering Institute, TsNIRI (10%),
Scientific and Technical Center for Electronic Warfare JSC, Scientific and Technical Center of Electronic Warfare (5%),
LLC "Special Technological Center" (5%).
The leading enterprise is KRET JSC. In many sectors, the concern has an almost monopoly on russian market in the supply of electronic warfare equipment with electronic reconnaissance and weapons control systems. Electronic warfare equipment and systems developed by KRET are used to equip Su-25, Su-27SM, Su-30, Su-34, Su-35, Il-76, Il-78, Il-96, Tu-214 type helicopters, Mi-type helicopters -8, Mi-26, Mi-28, Mi-35 and Ka-52, as well as surface ships of projects 1144, 1164, 1155, 956, 11540, 22350, 20380, 21631. The situation is most favorable for the concern in the market of aviation complexes and electronic warfare means. The reasons for this, in addition to the global growth in demand for electronic warfare systems in the world, are: 1) the expected growth in the supply of Russian aircraft; 2) the projected growth in the share of aircraft supplied with electronic warfare equipment for individual and group protection; 3) the purchase of electronic warfare equipment by foreign states within the framework of the program for the modernization of their own aircraft fleet of Russian / Soviet production.
The evolution of electronic warfare systems has accelerated dramatically. At the end of the 20th century, the Ministry of Defense demanded a service life of 15-20 years. Today life cycle electronic warfare devices has been reduced to four to five years. Electronics is developing too fast. Therefore, leading manufacturers are switching to modular device schemes. The basis of the system, the platform, can serve for 20 years, but modules that are standardized in fastening and interface are provided, which allow improving the equipment, changing not the entire complex, but individual blocks. In other words: I put in a new "advanced" block in the scientific plan - I got new opportunities!
The rearmament of the electronic warfare troops to new models of equipment is based on the results of the military-scientific substantiation of the composition of the electronic warfare troops and proposals for the draft state armament program for the period 2018-2025. By 2020, the EW troops must effectively ensure the fulfillment of the following tasks of the RF Armed Forces:
Disorganization of the enemy's state and military command and control (including its industrial infrastructure);
Disorganization of command and control of enemy troops (forces) and weapons in hostilities of various scales and intensity;
Reducing the capabilities of the enemy's global specific space reconnaissance;
Countering anti-missile defense systems;
Reflection (disruption) of an air and space attack of the enemy;
Protection of objects, military equipment from being hit by high-precision weapons.
It is planned to focus the main efforts on the development of the electronic warfare troops' weapons system on the implementation of one traditional and five innovative directions.
The innovative way of development involves, firstly, the creation of controlled radio interference fields on the enemy's territory using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and dropped jammers. Secondly, it is planned to create means of destruction of RES by electromagnetic radiation. Thirdly; the development of a special program impact. Fourthly, great importance is attached to imitation of the electronic situation and the introduction of disinformation into the enemy's troops and weapons control system. Finally, fifthly, it is planned to increase the level of information security of the EW bodies and command posts.
The term "Intellectual suppression" has come into practice among specialists. It is based on well-known technologies for creating simulation (relay) interference. A special feature is that due to the placement in the protected zone of small-sized low-power signal repeaters of the suppressed radio-electronic means and the control of these repeaters according to special algorithms, it becomes possible to create a false virtual electronic situation and provide a hidden from the enemy influence on his troops and weapons control systems. The "intellectual" nature of suppression is provided mainly due to the mathematical apparatus implemented in the system and modern communication technologies.
The practical implementation of the entire range of planned measures to improve the electronic warfare system will predictably lead to a significant increase in the contribution of electronic warfare to gaining superiority in command and control of troops (forces) and the use of weapons. At the same time, the volume of tasks performed by electronic warfare troops in various strategic directions by 2020 will increase by 2-2.5 times.
"We are proactive"
As Yuri Ivanovich Mayevsky, Deputy General Director of JSC Concern Radioelectronic Technologies "for R&D of electronic warfare equipment, general designer," explained to Nauka, "we are working ahead of the curve. There are various forecasting methods, and when developing our promising systems, we simulate the adversary in 2030. Of course, some uncertainty remains, and we are putting in our complexes an excess of opportunities that can fend off this uncertainty. "
World market of electronic warfare is currently valued at approximately $ 14 billion per year. In the coming years, the average annual growth rate is expected at the level of 4%, the market size will reach $ 19 billion by 2025.
The main competitors of Russian enterprises in the world market: American (Lockheed Martin Corporation, Northrop Grumman Corporation, The Boeing Company, Raytheon Company, ITT Corporation, BAE Systems), European (Thales Group, Elettronica, Indra) and Israeli manufacturers (Elta Systems, Rafael).
In the USA under the AST program Northrop Grumman conducts research and development work on the creation of solid-state broadband aircraft active phased antenna arrays (AFAR) capable of performing radar and electronic warfare tasks in the centimeter wavelength range. As part of the creation of a new generation jamming station (NGJ) for the EA-18G Grouler jamming aircraft ordered by the US Navy, Raytheon is developing solid-state broadband AFAR of decimeter and centimeter wavelengths.
The main characteristics of the main domestic electronic warfare devices
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Electronic warfare of the RF Armed Forces. Dossier
Every year on April 15, the Armed Forces (AF) of the Russian Federation celebrates the Day of the Electronic Warfare Specialist - a professional holiday established by the decree of Russian President Vladimir Putin of May 31, 2006.It was originally celebrated in accordance with the order of the Russian Defense Minister Igor Sergeev of May 3, 1999 No.
History of electronic warfare troops
The history of the formation of electronic warfare (EW) troops in the Russian army is counted from April 15 (April 2, O.S.) 1904. On this day, during the Russo-Japanese War, the signalmen of the Pobeda battleship and the naval telegraph station on Golden Mountain succeeded by setting up radio interference, to disrupt radio-controlled shelling by the Japanese armored cruisers "Nissin" and "Kasuga" of the Russian squadron and the fortress of Port Arthur.
Since both sides used the same type of spark transmitters, the enemy's message could be “hammered with a big spark” - more powerful signals from the apparatus. This case was the first step in world military history from organizing radio intelligence to conducting electronic warfare in combat. In the future, the means of electronic warfare were actively improved, and the practice of their use has expanded significantly.
On December 16, 1942, by a decree of the State Defense Committee, signed by Commander-in-Chief Joseph Stalin, a Division was formed as part of the Military Intelligence Directorate of the General Staff (GS) of the Red Army to manage the work of interfering radio stations and the task was set to form three radio divisions with means for "driving" enemy radio stations - the first parts of electronic warfare in the USSR army.
On November 4, 1953, the apparatus of the assistant to the chief of the General Staff for radio intelligence and interference was created. In the future, it was repeatedly reorganized and changed its names (9th department of the Main Directorate of the General Staff, the Electronic Counteraction Service of the General Staff, the 5th Directorate of the General Staff, the Electronic Warfare Directorate of the Main Directorate of the ACS and Electronic Warfare of the General Staff, etc.).
Current state
The range of modern tasks of the electronic warfare troops includes electronic reconnaissance and the destruction of electronic means of control systems of enemy forces, as well as monitoring the effectiveness of measures taken to protect their forces and assets.
In the course of the large-scale reform of the RF Armed Forces, which started in 2008, a vertically-integrated electronic warfare system was formed, its overall management is carried out by the Office of the Chief of the RF Armed Forces Electronic Warfare Troops. Ground and aviation units and electronic warfare units are part of Special troops RF Armed Forces.
IN Ground forcesoh separate brigades Electronic warfare of four battalions was formed in all four military districts. The brigades are armed with the Leer-2 and Leer-3 complexes with the Orlan-10 drones, which allow reconnaissance and suppression of tactical radio and cellular communications. The electronic warfare unit is also part of a separate motorized rifle arctic brigade as part of the Joint Strategic Command "North".
Separate EW companies are present in each of the reformed motorized rifle tank brigades and divisions, as well as in most brigades and divisions of the Airborne Forces (Airborne Forces). By 2017, the electronic warfare companies will receive all the airborne forces, and by 2020 it is planned to re-equip them with new equipment.
In the Navy (Navy), the ground forces of electronic warfare are combined into separate centers of electronic warfare in all four fleets. In the Aerospace Forces (VKS), separate electronic warfare battalions are part of the Air Force and Air Defense armies.
Technical equipment
Electronic warfare equipment for the RF Armed Forces is being developed by JSC "Concern" Radioelectronic Technologies "(JSC" KRET "), which in 2009-2012. united the Russian defense enterprises producing military radio electronics. In 2010-2013. state tests of 18 new types of electronic warfare equipment were successfully completed.
Since 2015, the electronic warfare units have received new technical means of radio suppression of communications, radar and navigation, protection against precision weapons, control and support systems: complexes "Krasukha-2O", "Murmansk-BN", "Borisoglebsk-2", "Krasukha - C4 "," Light-KU "," Infauna "," Judoka ", etc.
The troops are supplied with Mi-8MTPR-1 helicopters equipped with Lever-AV electronic warfare systems (such machines, in particular, can protect military transport aircraft). The Vitebsk electronic warfare systems are used to equip the Su-25SM attack aircraft upgraded for the needs of the Russian Aerospace Forces, and individual elements of the complex are installed on Ka-52, Mi-28, Mi-8MT, Mi-26 and Mi-26T2 helicopters.
The Khibiny electronic countermeasures complex is being installed on the Su-34 front-line bomber. Project 20380 corvettes, which are currently replenishing the Russian Navy, carry electronic warfare systems TK-25-2 and PK-10 "Smely", on the frigates of project 22350 under construction, complexes TK-28 and "Prosvet-M" are installed.
The current state armaments program envisages bringing the level of provision of electronic warfare troops with promising equipment by 2020 to the level of 70%.
Share of the latest electronic warfare equipment
Share modern technology in the electronic warfare troops in 2016 was 46%. In accordance with the plans to equip electronic warfare units under the state defense order, about 300 basic types of equipment and more than 1,000 small-sized equipment were delivered to the troops.
The measures taken made it possible to re-equip 45% of military units and subunits of electronic warfare with modern complexes, such as Murmansk-BN, Krasukha, Borisoglebsk-2 and others.
These are practically all groups of electronic warfare technology: radio suppression technology for radio communications, radar and radio navigation, protection against WTO, control and support equipment. Considerable attention is paid to the development of electronic warfare technology against unmanned aerial vehicles.
Schools
The training of officers for the EW troops of the Russian Armed Forces is conducted by the educational and scientific center "Air Force Academy named after Professor N. Ye. Zhukovsky and Yu. A. Gagarin" in Voronezh, junior EW specialists for all types and branches of the RF Armed Forces are trained at the Interspecies Training Center and the combat use of electronic warfare troops in Tambov.
On the basis of the center in 2015, a scientific company was created, in which graduates of the leading specialized universities of the country undergo military service, combining it with research on the topic of electronic warfare. In 2016, a new integrated training training complex "Itog" will be equipped on the territory of the Interspecies Center.
Manual
Chief of the Russian Electronic Warfare Troops - Major General Yuri Lastochkin (since August 2014).
Electronic warfare aviation complexes
As the ex-head of the electronic warfare service told Air forceVladimir Mikheev, now advisor to the first deputy general director of the Concern "Radioelectronic Technologies" (KRET), the survivability of aircraft with modern electronic warfare systems is increasing 20-25 times.
If earlier active jamming stations (SAP) were installed on airplanes, today all aircraft are equipped with airborne defense systems (ADS). Their main difference from the SAP is that the BKO is fully integrated and interfaced with all the avionics of an aircraft, helicopter or drone.
Defense complexes exchange all the necessary information with on-board computers:
About flight, combat missions,
on the purposes and flight routes of the protected object,
about the capabilities of your weapon,
about the real radio-electronic situation on the air,
about potential threats.
In the event of any danger, they can adjust the route so that the protected object does not enter the fire impact zone, providing electronic defeat (suppression) of the most dangerous air defense weapons and enemy aircraft, while increasing the combat effectiveness of their weapons.
"Vitebsk"
Complex "Vitebsk"
One of the most effective airborne defense systems. It is designed to protect aircraft and helicopters from anti-aircraft missiles with radar and optical (thermal) guidance heads.
"Vitebsk" is installed on:
Upgraded Su-25SM attack aircraft,
attack helicopters Ka-52, Mi-28N,
transport and combat helicopters of the Mi-8 family,
heavy transport helicopters Mi-26 and Mi-26T2,
special and civil aircraft and helicopters of domestic production.
A new modification of "Vitebsk", which is just beginning to enter the troops, will be installed on board aircraft and helicopters of transport aviation.
It is planned to equip with this system the Il-76, Il-78, An-72, An-124, already in service with the Aerospace Forces of the Russian Federation, as well as promising transport aircraft IL-112V.
The implementation of this program will allow in a short time to significantly increase the combat stability of the transport aviation of the Russian Aerospace Forces.
The Vitebsk complex is already being used to equip Ka-52, Mi-28 attack helicopters, Su-25 attack aircraft, Mi-8MTV and Mi-8AMTSh transport and combat helicopters. It is designed to protect aircraft from enemy anti-aircraft missiles with infrared, radar or combined homing heads. This system allows you to track the launch of a missile within a radius of several hundred kilometers from the aircraft and to "steer" the missile from the target.
In the future, Vitebsk will receive military transport aircraft of the Il-76MD-90A type.
IL-76. Photo: Anton Novoderezhkin / TASS
There is also an export version of the complex called "President-S", which is very popular in the foreign market and is supplied to a number of countries that operate Russian aircraft.
The President-S airborne defense complex is intended for the individual protection of military and civil aircraft and helicopters from being hit by air and anti-aircraft missile systems, as well as land-based and sea-based anti-aircraft artillery air defense systems of the enemy. “President-S”, in particular, is installed on Ka-52, Mi-28 and Mi-26 helicopters.
The complex is capable of identifying the threat of an attack on a protected aircraft by enemy fighters, anti-aircraft missile and artillery systems. It can engage and suppress optical homing heads of aircraft and anti-aircraft guided missiles, including missile homing heads of man-portable anti-aircraft missile systems.
"Lever-AB"
Complex of electronic warfare "Lever-AV". Photo: KRET.
According to the deputy general director of the Kazan Optical and Mechanical Plant, which produces this equipment, Aleksey Panin, deliveries of the basic version of the modernized electronic warfare (EW) systems "Lever-AV" on the Mi-8MTPR-1 helicopter will be provided in the near future.
At present, the Concern "Radioelectronic Technologies" is completing development work on this product.
It is planned to manufacture new electronic warfare systems on the chassis of KamAZ trucks.
Earlier, the Russian military received three Mi-8MTPR-1 electronic warfare helicopters ahead of schedule, the equipment of which makes it possible to protect groups of aircraft, ships and ground vehicles from air attacks within a radius of several hundred kilometers, suppressing several targets at once.
"Lever-AV" actually provides electronic suppression of the guidance system of enemy aircraft and ground targets, that is, it can "blind" them.
In conditions of interference from the "Lever" system anti-aircraft missile systems, as well as enemy aircraft interception systems are deprived of the ability to detect any targets and direct them to guided missiles of the "air-to-air", "ground-to-air" and "air-to-ground" classes, while the survivability and combat effectiveness of their aviation significantly increase.
The carrier of this complex is the most massive Russian Mi-8 helicopter.
A specialized helicopter - jammer, the main task of which is to provide electronic suppression and create a false situation to cover their aircraft or helicopters, as well as to protect the most important ground targets.
"Khibiny"
In 2013, the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation received the Khibiny electronic suppression system designed to protect aircraft from air defense systems.
The Khibiny complex differs from the stations of the previous generation by its increased power and intelligence. He is able to help in controlling the aircraft's weapons, create a false electronic situation, and also ensure a breakthrough of the enemy's echeloned air defense.
This happened with american destroyer Donald Cook in 2014, when the Su-24 was taken for escort by naval air defense systems.
Then information appeared on the ship's radars, which put the crew in a dead end. The plane then disappeared from the screens, then suddenly changed its location and speed, then created electronic clones of additional targets. At the same time, the information and combat weapons control systems of the destroyer were practically blocked. Considering that the ship was located 12 thousand km from the territory of the United States in the Black Sea, it is easy to imagine the feelings that the sailors experienced on this ship.
A new complex "Khibiny-U" for front-line aircraft, in particular the Su-30SM, is currently under development.
"Himalayas"
This complex is a further development of the "Khibiny", it is "sharpened" for the aircraft of the fifth generation T-50 (PAK FA).
Fighter T-50. Photo: Sergey Bobylev / TASS
Its main difference from its predecessor is that the Khibiny is a kind of container that is suspended on the wing, occupying a certain point of suspension, while the Himalayas are fully integrated into the side and made as separate elements of the aircraft fuselage.
The antenna systems of the complex are built on the principle of "smart casing" and allow performing several functions at once: reconnaissance, electronic warfare, location, etc. The complex will be able to put active and passive interference with infrared homing heads of modern missiles, as well as modern and promising radar stations.
The characteristics of this complex are still classified, since the T-50 is the latest fifth-generation fighter and has not yet been adopted by the Russian Aerospace Forces.
Su-34 is equipped with electronic warfare
The Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation received in 2016 several complexes that make it possible to make an electronic warfare (EW) aircraft from a Su-34 bomber.
This complex allows the aircraft to protect not only itself, but the entire formation. Thanks to these complexes, the survivability of aircraft increases by 20-25%.
Fighter-bomber Su-34. Photo: KRET.
Ground-based electronic warfare systems
Modern ground-based electronic warfare systems operate in the digital signal processing mode, which helps to significantly increase their efficiency.
Digital technology has a large electronic memory library and reports to the operator the types of enemy equipment, and also offers him the most effective jamming signals and optimal algorithms for possible countermeasures.
Previously, the operator of an electronic warfare station independently had to determine the type of tracked object based on the characteristics of the reconnaissance signal and select the type of interference for it.
"Krasuha-C4"
This complex has incorporated all the best from the EW technology of previous generations. In particular, from its predecessor, the SPN-30 jamming station, Krasukha inherited a unique antenna system.
Another advantage new system is almost complete automation. If earlier the system was controlled manually, in "Krasukha-4" the principle was implemented: "Don't touch the equipment, and it won't let you down," that is, the operator's role is reduced to the role of an observer, and the main mode of operation is centralized automated control.
Complex "Krasuha-C4". Photo: Rostec State Corporation.
The main purpose of the Krasukhi-S4 is to cover command posts, groupings of troops, air defense systems, and important industrial facilities from airborne radar reconnaissance and high-precision weapons.
The capabilities of the broadband active jamming station of the complex make it possible to effectively combat all modern radar stations used by aircraft of various types, as well as cruise missiles and unmanned aerial vehicles.
"Krasuha-20"
This version of "Krasuha" is intended for electronic suppression american systems long-range radar detection and control (AWACS) AWACS.
AWACS is a powerful reconnaissance and control aircraft with a crew on board. It takes a lot of energy to blind this plane. So, the power and intelligence of the second "Krasukha" will be enough to fight this plane.
The entire complex is deployed in a few minutes, without human intervention, and after deployment, it is able to "turn off" AWACS at a distance of several hundred kilometers.
"Moscow-1"
Complex "Moscow-1". Photo by KRET.
The complex is designed to conduct electronic reconnaissance (passive radar), interact and exchange information with command posts of anti-aircraft missile and radio-technical forces, aviation guidance points, issue target designation and control jamming units and individual electronic suppression devices.
The "Moscow-1" includes a reconnaissance module and a control point for jamming subunits (stations).
The complex is capable of:
Carry radio and electronic reconnaissance at a distance of up to 400 km,
classify all radio-emitting devices according to the degree of danger,
provide trail support,
ensure target distribution and display of all information,
to provide reverse control of the efficiency of the work of subdivisions and individual means of electronic warfare, which it manages.
The "debut" of the "Moscow" complexes took place in March 2016 as part of the joint tactical exercises of air defense and aviation forces in the Astrakhan region.
Electronic warfare "Mercury-BM". Photo: Press Service of the State Corporation Rostec.
The state defense order for the electronic warfare systems "Moscow-1" and "Rtut-BM" was completed ahead of schedule. Russian army in 2015 it received nine electronic warfare systems "Moscow-1".
"Infauna"
The complex, developed by the United Instrument-Making Corporation (OPK), provides radio reconnaissance and radio suppression, protection of manpower, armored and automobile equipment from aimed fire from melee weapons and grenade launchers, as well as from radio-controlled mine-explosive devices.
Broadband radio reconnaissance equipment significantly increases the radius of protection of covered mobile objects from radio-controlled mines. The ability to install aerosol curtains allows you to hide equipment from high-precision weapons with video and laser guidance systems.
Currently, these complexes on a unified wheeled chassis K1SH1 (BTR-80 base) are mass-produced and supplied to various units of the Armed Forces.
Borisoglebsk-2
Complex "Borisoglebsk-2". Photo: Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation
This complex of electronic suppression (EW), also developed by the defense industry, is the technical basis of the EW units of tactical formations.
Designed for radio reconnaissance and radio suppression of HF, VHF lines of ground and aviation radio communications, subscriber terminals for cellular and trunk communications in tactical and operational-tactical control levels.
The complex is based on three types of jamming stations and a control point located on the MT-LBu armored personnel carriers - a traditional tracked base for ground-based electronic warfare. Each complex includes up to nine units of mobile equipment.
The complex implements fundamentally new technical solutions for building radio intelligence equipment and automated control systems. In particular, broadband energetically and structurally covert signals are used, which provide noise-immune and high-speed data transmission.
The range of reconnaissance and suppressed frequencies is more than doubled compared to the previously supplied jamming stations, and the frequency detection rate is increased by more than 100 times.
Electronic warfare systems
These complexes are designed to protect ships of various classes from reconnaissance and fire damage. Their peculiarity lies in the fact that for each ship, depending on its type, displacement, as well as the tasks it solves, there is a special set of electronic warfare equipment.
The ship complexes include:
Radio and electronic intelligence stations,
active and passive means of electronic warfare,
automatic machines that provide camouflage of the ship in various physical fields,
devices for shooting false targets, etc.
All these systems are integrated with the ship's fire and information systems to increase the survivability and combat effectiveness of the ship.
TK-25E and MP-405E
They are the main shipborne electronic warfare systems. Provide protection against the use of radio-controlled airborne and shipborne weapons by creating active and passive interference.
TK-25E provides creation of impulse disinformation and imitation jamming using digital copies of signals for ships of all main classes. The complex is capable of simultaneously analyzing up to 256 targets and providing effective ship protection.
MP-405E - for equipping ships of small displacement.
It is capable of anticipating detection, analyzing, and also classifying the types of emitting electronic means and their carriers according to the degree of danger, as well as providing electronic suppression of all modern and promising means of reconnaissance and destruction of the enemy.
Russian electronic warfare equipment surpasses Western counterparts
Photo: Donat Sorokin / TASS
Russian electronic warfare technology surpasses Western counterparts in a number of characteristics, including range.
To the main advantages domestic technology Electronic warfare in front of foreign counterparts can be attributed to the greater range of its action, which is achieved through the use of more powerful transmitting devices and more efficient antenna systems.
Russian electronic warfare equipment has advantages in terms of the number of nomenclature of objects that are affected, the possibility of its more effective combat use due to the implementation of a flexible control structure, both by electronic warfare systems and by individual pieces of equipment that function autonomously and as part of mated pairs.
The material was prepared on the basis of open sources of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation,
State Corporation Rostec, Concern "Radioelectronic Technologies" and TASS.
Overall material rating: 5
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Introduction
Strategic Missile Forces are not only rocket regiments. IN 50th Rocket Army there were also many other divisions. One of these units is 23rd separate electronic warfare (EW) battalion, in / h 01091 , callsign " Attic"is directly related to Ruzhanam.
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A battalion was formed in may 1982 years in 49th Missile Division 50 RA... These kind of units in Rocket troopsah it was a little, as the senior metrology engineer writes 49th Rd lieutenant colonel Yu. Ya. Pokladnev [ 2] :
«... [ It was] new division special purpose - a separate battalion of electronic warfare (EW). In the Strategic Missile Forces only in two divisions - in 7th (Vypolzovskaya) and in our 49th rd, there were such parts. The battalion was stationed at the positions of the former Ruzhansky shelf, was equipped with the latest technology in the field of ultra-high frequencies (microwave). This technique required a completely new approach .... ”.
What kind of battalion is this, what was its purpose, and what relation did it have to the missile forces? To answer these questions, let's go back to the 70s ...
How it all began ...
Referring to the memoirs of Colonel V.S. Kuznetsova [ 2] :
“In the Armed Forces of the USSR, the concept of electronic warfare (EW) was included in the doctrine of the Armed Forces in 60th the years XXth century. IN 1969 year at the Leningrad Military Engineering Academy. A.F. Mozhaisky, the first EW specialists in the USSR Armed Forces were trained. I was fortunate enough to be among this first release of Reb officers. "
But here comes 70th years. The rapid development of electronics at this time causes an equally rapid development of electronic intelligence equipment. And since the means of "retrieving information" (in simple words - means of electronic espionage) are being improved, naturally a race begins in the development of countermeasures. Let us add to this that the missiles themselves, their means of aiming and launching are increasingly saturated with electronics (namely, electronics, and not the simple electrical executive automation that was in the R-12 or R-14). Systems are also moving to a new base combat control and communication. High-precision weapons and guidance systems appear in service in the NATO armies (primarily the United States). It is becoming clear that the emergence of countermeasures in these years has become an absolute necessity. Electronic countermeasures become "one of the types of combat support".
Exactly at 1970 year in 50 missile army posts are introduced head of the Department of Electronic Countermeasures (REP) of the association and assistant chief of staff of the formation for electronic countermeasures... First chief department of the REP Army in 1970 he was appointed a lieutenant colonel-engineer Kazantsev A.Ya.
IN 1971 year, by order of the Commander-in-Chief of the Rocket Forces, "Manual on electronic countermeasures of the Missile Forces" (NREP-71).
IN march 1972 of the year the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the USSR conducted a strategic exercise "Ether-72" on the topic "Organization and conduct of electronic warfare (EW) with the beginning and during hostilities", which involved the combat crews of command posts of the army and divisions. And in the army there is already a department of electronic warfare (EW).
It is this department 50th Army and during these years has been working hard to protect missile systems from detection by NATO front-line aviation radio equipment.
Between the end 70s and during 80's years passed several exercises of the USSR Ministry of Defense, the Strategic Missile Forces State Committee on electronic warfare with the participation 50th RA... Here is just a list of these teachings (quoted from memoirs Yu. Ya. Pokladneva [ 2] ):
1. Doctrine of the USSR Ministry of Defense in the Western direction took place in 1976 year with the participation of the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany, the Northern Group of Soviet Forces in Poland, the Baltic, Belorussian, Moscow military districts and 50th Rocket Army... It lasted over 20 days!
2. Research exercise on stealth of the R-12 missile regiment in the 29th (Siauliai) Rd. Participants: Reconnaissance Aviation Regiment of the Baltic Military District (call sign "Compass") and 307th RP... The task of the aviation regiment: to reveal the true location of the missile divisions (rocket battalions) and to inflict conditional strikes on them.
3. Doctrine of the USSR Ministry of Defense. From the side of the Strategic Missile Forces involved management 50th RA and missile shelves 7th rd... Objective: To ensure the survivability of missile systems 7th rd from high-precision weapons (WTO). Participants: Reconnaissance regiment "Shatalovo" and SU-24 fighters ( Lipetsk) - aces! Ways of struggle - the widest false means on the PU in all frequency ranges ("white noise").
4. Research exercise in the USSR Armed Forces on the methods of survivability of troops from the WTO (First and last in Soviet army). Location: 1). Headquarters of the USSR Ministry of Defense Marshal of the Soviet Union D.F. Ustinova under the city Riga... 2). The headquarters of the Strategic Missile Forces and 50th RA at the headquarters Siauliai missile divisions... Condition of the Commander-in-Chief of the Strategic Missile Forces, Chief Marshal of Artillery Tolubko V.F.: "Offer what comes to mind, do not be afraid of nonsense in sentences, speak as much in time as you can." This teaching was a manifestation of the intellectual struggle between representatives of different services of the RA and the Strategic Missile Forces.
5. Final check of our army. Head - Chief of the GSHRV Colonel-General Vishenkov V.M. Assignment of the head of the GShRV: Methods of combating missile systems with cruise missiles.
To solve the problems of electronic warfare, integrated technical control units (UKGK) were created in the army management, in 7th, 32nd and 49th rd. Their tasks were to assess the effectiveness and responsibility of commanders for the implementation of measures to counter foreign technical means of intelligence (PD IGR) in command and control bodies, units and institutions, and fulfillment of information protection requirements.
Birth of the 23rd Electronic Warfare Battalion ...
To the beginning 80's biennium command 50th missile army, it becomes clear that the means of electronic warfare must be concentrated. That is why, in order to provide electronic cover for 49th Rd in may 1982 years formed 23rd separate electronic warfare battalion... At first, the vacant site was chosen as the place of his deployment. 1st rdn 170th rp near g. Lida... But already February 14, 1984 in 403rd Ruzhansky shelf ground complexes are removed P-12, while a decision was made further on the site of the former 2nd division regiment for its intended purpose (for the placement of missile systems) not to be used. In this regard, the vacated place in in the middle 1984 years and will be relocated 23rd Electronic Warfare Battalion... It was considered expedient to use the location of apartments for officers not Ruzhany, a Pruzhany... As V. Soroka writes, “... most of the officers and warrant officers lived in Pruzhany in two houses: st. Jubilee 8 and 12. These are typical panel five-story buildings ... "... However, from the letters of those who served in the battalion it follows that some of the officers and warrant officers lived in Ruzhanakh... The first commander of the unit was Samara V.P.
In 1986 (?), In order to ensure the guaranteed delivery of orders and signals to the command posts of units and divisions of the division during the conduct of hostilities, the formation was introduced 842nd mobile command post "Vybor" (checkpoint "Vybor", military unit 34154-Shch, call sign "Galunny"). The temporary point of deployment is determined in conjunction with 23rd separate battalion REB-S, also on the funds of the former 2nd missile division of the 403 missile regiment, with the subsequent movement closer to the center of the positional area of \u200b\u200bthe division to the point of permanent deployment of the 638 missile regiment (Slonim) for joint basing.
In 1993, in connection with the completion of the transfer of the objects of the former 638th missile regiment to the municipal property of the Slonim district of the Grodno region, the 842nd control unit again returned to the funds of the former 2nd division of the 403rd missile regiment near the city of Ruzhany, and 1171 were redeployed there. a separate anti-aircraft missile battalion (1171th OSRD, military unit 55216, commander of p / p-k Blinov A.V.), armed with Igla MANPADS.
By the end of 1994, the 1171st OSR and the 842nd command post were relocated to the urban-type settlement. Gorny Uletovsky district of the Chita region (ZabVO) and disbanded.
In 1988, the commander became Dedurin Sergey Timofeevich.
 Sergey Timofeevich Dedurin. |
Electronic warfare battalion it was armed with the most modern and efficient mobile equipment, which made it possible to completely paralyze the work of onboard radar stations of frontline aviation.
Vasily Soroka, served in military unit 01091 from January 1989, first as the head of the electronic warfare station, and then as the head of the secret unit. From a May 2009 letter:
“... Perhaps the order on the formation was signed in May, but the tenth anniversary of the unit was celebrated August 29, 1992 The photo that is attached was taken at this particular holiday. I can't remember all of them, but in the center with his wife is the commander of the unit, Lieutenant Colonel Dedurin Sergey Timofeevich....
I will dwell on this event in more detail, especially since I remember it from the best side. On that day, officers and warrant officers with their families arrived at the unit (they also invited those who had served earlier). It all started with an official formation on the parade ground, congratulations to those who distinguished themselves. Then the holiday moved to the shore of the lake. In a clearing near the lake, tents were set up (separate for children). The dances were staged right in the meadow to the rhythms of the VIA from the regiment. Most of all I remember the pilaf prepared by the cooks, I have never tasted this like that in my life. It should be said that at that time there was a strong heat, even the water level in the lake dropped very much. All the walkers were tormented by thirst. They drove a fire engine and everyone came up and drank water from the tap. We drank two cars during the day. The holiday ended already in the dark, but united the part like nothing else ... "
And again the memories of Colonel V.S. Kuznetsova :
“... in the Strategic Missile Forces, and primarily in our 50th RA, the concept of electronic warfare began to be embodied in practice, which was repeatedly mentioned in the orders of the USSR Minister of Defense in 1984-1986. Yes, our army was much higher than the military districts in terms of technical equipment with electronic warfare equipment and its practical application.. .. »
“... The pride of our army was the formation of two electronic warfare battalions in the 49th and 7th Rd. By the way, these were the first and last electronic warfare battalions in the Strategic Missile Forces. The process of their formation was complex. It was necessary to create new combat units and master in a short time ways to fight for the survivability of missile systems SPU RSD-10 and OS ... "
“... Having a separate electronic warfare battalion in the 49th (Lida) missile division, with the latest reconnaissance and jamming stations (they were the first in the USSR Armed Forces to enter our battalion), our army, in terms of its tactical and technical capabilities, was capable of covering enemy air strikes Lida, Postavskaya, Pruzhany, partly Kaunas divisions, and, in general, the entire Belarusian Military District. "
Vasily Soroka, from letters 2008-2009:
“... served in a unit in place of the second division. After rearmament, the regiment began to be located on the first site, and an electronic warfare battalion was redeployed to the second in 1986 (?). From where he was taken to the territory of the Russian Federation on 08.08.1993 ... "
“... Maybe I'm wrong, but there were three battalions in the Strategic Missile Forces (Pruzhany, Bologoye. Pervomaisk). Ours differed in that it was located on a separate site ... "
“... military unit 01091. It was a separate electronic warfare (electronic warfare) battalion and was intended to protect missiles from the air in the event of an attack. The location of the latter is exactly between Ruzhany and Pruzhany on the site of the old missile unit, 5 km from the highway next to some lake. The unit was cropped, so there were about 120 soldiers and sergeants, 30 warrant officers and officers in it. The hospital was in Slonim, I think. There was no store, the border chip came once a week. In layoffs and AWOLs did not go, because there was nowhere. For all the time, they left the unit five times. Once in Brest, twice in Ruzhany and twice for exercises ... "
“... Yes, the officers lived in Ruzhany. The unit was called the Separate Electronic Warfare Battalion, call sign (Attic). The place is absolutely correct, that's where we were located ... "
“... The battalion consisted of two companies and one platoon. An electronic reconnaissance company (short-range and long-range radar), a jamming company (three platoons, each with two stations. One, when turned on, gave milk on the aircraft screen, the other multiple targets. According to officers, the weapon is quite effective) and households. platoon. I was the ZKV of a short-range reconnaissance platoon (radar station, station P-19), unfortunately I don't remember the rest of the marks ... The commander of our company was Captain Kravchuk. Platoon Lieutenant Marorescu, immediate superior ensign Studenichnik. Another names are Captain Verchenov, Warrant Officer Gaiduk ... I don't remember the unit commander (...). Before that, the unit commander was (...), I found him only for a week after arriving at the unit ... "
"... From the names, Sergeant Borsch from Sakhnovshchina, Sergeant Chomko, Sergeant Sery (my classmate), we were all in training in the city of Lida, as well as soldiers Vakulenko, Titenko, Roginsky."
Colonel V.S. Kuznetsov :
“... The difficulty was also that if the formation of new regiments and the development of new rocketry Since all the army services were involved, the EW battalions were mostly occupied by the head of the EW of the army, the organizational department and the personnel department. Young officers came from the Academy. A.F. Mozhaisk and Rostov Higher Engineering Schools. The command staff is from the ground forces of the Carpathian and Belarusian military districts. These were not the best officers. Warrant officers and soldiers by order of the chief of staff, General Kozlov G.V. collected in a hurry, within 2 days from all divisions. Well, who of the commanders will send the best? Subsequently, these shortcomings in the selection of personnel created serious problems in maintaining the statutory order and military discipline. However, the process of mastering the technique was at a high level. The social and living conditions of the personnel were exemplary in comparison with many units of the 49th regiment. In the city of Pruzhany, a 75-apartment building for officers, warrant officers and employees of the SA battalion was built in a short time. A freelance brass band was created. To train the officers of the battalion, a group of the teaching staff of the Kiev Higher Military School of the Air Defense Forces of the Ground Forces was involved, which held retraining courses directly in the battalion for a month. [as V. Soroka clarifies, later the station chiefs were trained in different places, and since 1989 in Tambov training center , - ed. ] The first exercise with the battalion was conducted when it was still based in Lida. A column of more than 100 vehicles stretched along the streets of the city and fanned out to the territory of Brest, Grodno, Minsk and Gomel regions. The positions of jamming stations were located at distances of up to 40 km from each other. Each position has 6-8 personnel under the command of ensigns and sergeants in conscript service, who have not yet been properly studied in a short time and are not technically trained enough. But on the whole, the exercise went well, and the battalion received initial practice throughout the army complex, incl. and professional activities.
After this exercise, the battalion was relocated to the vacated area of \u200b\u200bthe 1st RDN of the 170th RP near the town of Lida. At one of the exercises, the Chief of the Main Staff of the Strategic Missile Forces, Colonel-General V.M. Arriving at the positions of the electronic warfare battalion of the 49th regiment, deployed in the positional area of \u200b\u200bthe 32nd regiment (and the battalion was "wandering" around all divisions), I watched its practical actions against the strategic aviation aircraft of the division of General D. Dudayev, based in Tartu. The head of the GSHRV highly appreciated the actions of the personnel and equipment: "Yes, this is top-class electronics!"
This battalion, constantly participating in all exercises conducted Minister of Defense, Commander-in-Chief of the RV, showed the high efficiency of covering the RDN located in the field positions. Not without incidents and prerequisites for disasters.
So, during one of the exercises, the SU-24 lost its outboard fuel tank and could no longer return to its airfield. The pilot asked to land at the Postavy airfield, but reported that he could not see anything due to strong interference. It was night. I immediately gave the order to remove the interference. All stations complied with the order, except for one. She “crushed” this plane until it landed.
Of course, he was a high-class pilot. In the morning, the commander of the army, Colonel-General N.N. Kotlovtsev. asked the pilot to come to the headquarters of the 32nd regiment and tell about his feelings and the effectiveness of radio interference. A handsome young major arrived. Emotionally he was depressed, acknowledged the strong and unexpected effects of interference. The battalion had no partners to practice practical tasks. We had a SU-24 aircraft at frequencies similar to those in the West. By agreement with the commander of the 50th RA and Vinnitsa air army, two Su-24 regiments stationed at the Kalinkovichi airfield in Belarus, and our battalion became partners. For training at the stationary battalion was created combat position, through which all the battalion's crews underwent practical training, creating interference during training flights of the aircraft of these aviation regiments.
One of the regiments carried out actual bombing at its range near the city of Ruzhany. At the request of the regiment commander, we brought 2 jamming stations to the area of \u200b\u200bthe range. I was next to the regiment commander at the test site.
When the aircraft entered the combat course, the pilots already felt the effect of interference for 100 km. For us, the task of disrupting the attack was to surprise the attackers and keep the distance from the aircraft to the target as small as possible.
But even if the pilots knew and saw the interference in advance, the results of the attacks remained negative. The regiment commander, seeing the effectiveness of jamming, asked me: "Give me the opportunity to carry out at least one attack on the top five!" I remained implacable: “I want to test the effectiveness of my battalion's actions. And you check the effectiveness of your training! " The pilots literally shouted on the air: “We see nothing! Remove the interference! "
The regiment commander, seeing this turn of things, says: “You know, tomorrow you and I will no longer be in our posts. At a distance of 10-15 km from the landfill there are sleeping settlements. It is not excluded that bombing strikes will be carried out on them by mistake. " I had to remove the interference, say goodbye to the hospitable owners of the landfill, and the calculations of the jamming stations returned to the hospital ... "
 23rd about rab, V.Soroka with subordinates 1989-1990 |
“... As for the electronic warfare battalion, the case when the pilots asked to turn off the interference really was and I was a direct participant. In the early 90s, a letter came from one of the aviation units with a request to put real interference during the bombing. On the day of the flights, we took only one SPN-30 station from the platoon of Captain Andrey Ambroshuk, I went as a driver and operator and took several more soldiers to deploy the station. We clarified on which side the raid will be, chose a place and began to deploy the station. They did not guess to warn the command of the test site about their presence. An UAZ car immediately drives up and Andrey is taken to the checkpoint. After some time he returned and we continued to work. Only the flight director demanded to establish a wire connection with them, so I had to take the reel and stomp to the command post. They also gave us the frequencies on which negotiations with the crews would be conducted, so that we would be aware of, but we could not do this. As it turned out, the frequency range of our standard radio station did not coincide with the range of the aircraft one.
The flights began in the middle of the day and while there was a bright summer sun no complaints were presented to us, perhaps they worked visually. Just sitting in a station and hearing bombs falling somewhere in a kilometer or two is not entirely pleasant. Towards evening, either the type of aircraft changed or visibility became worse, only then the guys started having problems. We took them at the maximum distance and led until the moment when he flew over us. They immediately switched to the next one and everything repeated itself. It was then that the phone rang with the demand to turn off the high. Then we worked without any interference.
Perhaps this is not the case that is mentioned in the book, only for exercises, the battalion usually dispersed across the territory of the region by platoon without using the air range.
And this, of course, is not the last case from the service in the electronic warfare battalion, but more about them later ... "
Colonel V.S. Kuznetsov :
“... Our EW battalion also took part in an experimental exercise with a division located in the Tatishchevo settlement of the Saratov region, which was led by the head of the GSHRV, Colonel General V.M. Vishenkov.
We redeployed to the training area by rail. The train consisted of 90 cars. It was good training for the personnel of the EW battalion.
The division was deployed for at least 100 km along the Volga River. There is no forest, plain and heights, to some of them it was dangerous and difficult to pull out 20-ton stations along the slopes covered with oil layer. And that was also a study! Night. Clear sky. As attackers on the missile division's launchers - bombers from the Lipetsk training center. Pilots are aces!
Over the course of 3 nights, the aircraft in three echelons went to the RD launchers from south to north and back. The technical means of the electronic warfare battalion were controlled automatically by computers, which gave targets to the radio interference stations. And if they “grabbed” this goal, then they would never let it go.
In fact, it looked like this: 3 echelons of aircraft flying from each other at intervals of 10-15 minutes. They then turn around and walk along the missile division again. The stations "grabbed" the targets and are accompanying them with interference. Station antennas track aircraft in automatic mode in altitude and direction. And here the second echelon is already rolling. And again they make a second run, then a third one goes. "Electronic porridge" is on the air. What is the purpose of "crushing"? The antennas of the stations shake due to turns in height by 180 ° and in the direction of 360 ° ...
The actions of our battalion in this exercise were assessed very positively and became the "highlight" of this exercise. In this major exercise, many options for the survivability of missile systems from high-precision weapons strikes were worked out ... "
Since the 23rd EW Battalion fully justified the hopes placed on it and clearly carried out the assigned tasks, it was decided to create another similar unit in the 50th Missile Army. So in December 1985, the 11th separate electronic warfare battalion (military unit 52949) was formed to provide electronic cover for the 7th missile division.
Colonel V.S. Kuznetsov :
“... The 11th electronic warfare battalion in the Strategic Missile Forces was planned to be formed in the May Day division of the Vinnitsa army. Considering that our army already had this experience, it was formed in the 7th reg. A part of the equipment was transferred there from the 49th rifle regiment and the officers from the 23rd EW battalion were selected ... "
Thus, the 23rd electronic warfare battalion became the basis of the new, 11th battalion. Colonel V.S. Kuznetsov :
“... The combat training of the personnel of the electronic warfare battalions was not inferior to other parts of the divisions. And on the parade ground (especially in the 7th regiment), the electronic warfare battalions were distinguished by excellent drill training and sang their own, "electronic warfare" songs. The personnel were proud of belonging to the electronic warfare service, and the merit in this, first of all, of the commanders and officers: Major V.I. Pridybailo. (later Chief of Staff of the Chita RA), Captain A.V. Kubai (after the disbandment of our army - the deputy head of the Smolensk customs, and then the representative of the Russian Federation in Belarus), captain G.N. Sankuev (now Colonel of Justice, awarded the Honorary Arms for his participation in the fight against terrorism in the Chechen Republic), Captain V.V. Rastyapin, chiefs of electronic warfare divisions, Lieutenant Colonels P.P. Rozhko, V.V. Shelukhin, E.N. Kolchugin, Chernyavsky V.N., Baranova V.N. A good memory remained of the first chief of the army's electronic warfare, Colonel Kazantsev Alexander Yakovlevich, as a bright and talented person who laid a solid foundation in the formation and development of the army's electronic warfare service. I had to become his successor and continue his endeavors and developments to improve the electronic warfare system in our army. These were the years of rapid development of electronic warfare in the Armed Forces, which left a positive imprint on the formation of the electronic warfare service in our army and in the Strategic Missile Forces. This is the undoubted merit of personally the Commander-in-Chief of the RV and the Chief of the General Staff, officers of the electronic warfare department of missile waxes Colonel Galaktionov S.P., Major General Karshulin O.N., Colonels Khromenkov E.M., Rakov V.N., Burdonsky V.V. ., Agapova I.I., as well as the officers of the EW laboratory.
Colonel V.N. Vidov served in the army's electronic warfare service. (became the head of the electronic warfare of the Irkutsk V.A.), lieutenant colonel Verblyudov (finished his service as the head of the electronic warfare of the Omsk RA), major Kostyuchkov V.A., the captains A.V. and Sankuev G.N., captains Turkov A.The. and Gromov V.N.
In conclusion, I want to express my gratitude and pay tribute to all commanders, chiefs, officers of services and directorates of our missile army, officers of divisions and regiments, units and subunits for their understanding and practical implementation of methods and methods of electronic warfare ... "
 23rd about rab, V.Soroka with subordinates 1989-1990 |
Showing concern about the vulnerability of the PGRK, one of the military experts writes: “... It is naive to believe that in modern conditions it is possible to reliably hide a mobile missile system from modern detection equipment even in the vast expanses of our country. Mobile PU is, first of all, a metal object with a length of more than 24 meters, a width of about 3.5 meters and a height of almost 5 meters, moreover, it emits a large amount of heat and is a source of electromagnetic radiation simultaneously in a dozen frequency ranges. It must be remembered that a mobile launcher does not even have protection against conventional means of destruction ... ". [2].
“... I chose from the photo albums all photos related to the service in the battalion. I will scan it and send it in the next letters, write about the command staff. About half of the battalion left for Russia. In Mogilevtsy lives the former commander of the electronic warfare company, Captain Ambroshuk Andrey. In Ruzhany, there are several more station managers: Zhukovsky Yura and Krysko Volodya. In Pruzhany, the former head of the club, ensign Yura Osadchy (all the photos that I will send were taken by him). I will try to meet with them, can they share some information.
I tried to find those who left for Russia through the site "classmates". I would very much like to know how the fate of the commander of Lieutenant Colonel Dedurin Sergey Timofeevich, the chief of communications senior officer Dima Vasiltsov, Andrei Morarescu (he left either as chief of staff or deputy for armaments), platoon commanders of senior command line Alexey Verchenov, Volodya Popov , the former beginning. headquarters of Simon Pavel Olegovich (as far as I remember, he was transferred to the Krasnodar Territory or Stavropol Territory) ... "
The withdrawal of the battalion to Russia ...
1991 could not but affect the fate of the unit ... As V. Soroka writes, “... after the collapse of the USSR, there were not enough soldiers in the unit. When the parade of sovereignties began, most of our soldiers were Ukrainians and Moldovans. The main thing for them was to get home (on vacation or even relatives came and took them by car) There they were registered at the military registration and enlistment office, ranked among the national armed forces and it was not possible to pull them out of there. It was at such a time that drivers began to appear in the army in the support platoon, employees of the SA, telephone operators and many super-conscripts ...»
“... When the troops began to withdraw, the battalion was among the first to withdraw. August 8, 1993 All equipment, property and personnel were loaded into a train and sent to a new duty station on the territory of the Russian Federation. Many transfers were carried out in last days before the conclusion, therefore I do not remember exactly who went by whom. ... "
“... The battalion was withdrawn to the Kostroma region. As far as I know, a barracks was allocated for housing by an officer, warrant officers and conscripts. Some of the officers rented housing in Kostroma and traveled by rail to the unit every day for about 70 km. ... "
According to some reports, the battalion was subsequently disbanded altogether, but this information has not yet been reliably confirmed.
___________________
P.S. New documentary data on further destiny battalion.
He was indeed redeployed to Russia (near Kostroma, 10th Missile Division) in accordance with the Directive of the Ministry of Defense of 29.06.1993 No. 314/4/0788, while receiving the conditional unit number of military unit 02004….