How many trees are in the world. Environmentalists: Russia is in first place in terms of the number of trees on Earth. Pure exoticism
Trees are an important part of life on the planet, they occupy about a third of the land. Forests on Earth have been developing for 180 million years. Since the continents were originally concentrated in the Southern Hemisphere and were close to each other, trees became ubiquitous.
The forest area accounts for approximately 38 million square kilometers. In our country, 22% of the total number of trees on the planet is concentrated. Concerning european countries, then Finland is the richest in forests (they make up almost ¾ of its territory). Least of all trees in the UK (about 6%).
Siberia is the focus of forests in Russia; the area of \u200b\u200bforests in its space reaches almost 8 million square kilometers. It is important to understand how many trees there are on earth, since they are a consumer of carbon dioxide and a source of oxygen for everyone living. It is necessary to preserve natural resources and use them rationally. The taiga regions of Russia absorb 15% of all carbon dioxide concentrated on the planet.
Everything on Earth on this moment approximately 417 billion trees. The planet has a population of just over 7 billion. This means that there are approximately 60 trees for each person.
It is important to understand that the forest is ours natural wealth... Uncontrolled deforestation is a threat to the atmosphere and human life in general. About 95 million trees are cut down every year around the planet. It seems that there are a lot of trees, but in fact this is far from the actual state of affairs. Previously, they were ubiquitous, but with the development of civilization, their number is steadily declining. The needs of the population are growing every year. Most of the forest is used to meet agricultural needs, to provide housing, to expand cities. The preservation of the forest cover is largely supported due to the undeveloped space. There are especially many such territories in our country.
According to the World Resources Institute, there are now approximately 100,000 different types tree species, of which 8000 are endangered.
Trees play a huge role in providing life on Earth. Forests regulate the planet's climate, distribution nutrientsare an important source of resources. Through their vital activity, the air is purified, the Earth is supplied with oxygen. Trees help retain moisture in the soil, an important component of ecosystems. Forests are the natural habitat for many animals and plants. Among other things, forests are the embodiment of natural beauty.
Until recently, the question "How many trees are there on Earth?" one could succinctly answer "a lot". But modern technologies and globalization has helped answer this question.
With the advent satellite images For the first time, experts were able to examine the planet's surface in detail for the presence of forests and gave an approximate estimate of the number of trees on our planet: about 400 billion. These data did not raise questions until a ground expedition of ecologists decided to count the number of trees in the Amazon basin. A more detailed analysis of the data showed that 390 billion trees grow in the area - almost the same as on the entire planet, based on the analysis of satellite data.
The Dutch ecologist Thomas Crowther, who, together with his colleagues, decided to finally clarify the question of how many trees grow on the planet, could not come to terms with such a scatter of data. A group of ecologists came to the conclusion that satellite images in some regions greatly underestimate the true number of trees in a certain area of \u200b\u200bthe terrain, since dense crowns can hide the smaller trees growing under them, and relying on the average data for the area would mean again getting unreliable data.
The only way out, according to Thomas Crowter, was to organize a global survey of all forestry departments of the planet about the number of trees growing in the territories under their control, since nowadays, almost all states have such a division of forest areas.
Despite the seemingly obvious solution to the issue of counting trees, it becomes clear why no one has done such work before: Thomas Crowter and his colleagues had to collect information from 400,000 forestry enterprises around the world. The data collection took 2 years, and after calculating the scientists got a mind-boggling number of 3.04 trillion trees!
It is interesting: according to the data obtained, the largest number of trees is found in Russia, Scandinavia and North America.
It remains to understand why ecologists generally needed to look for the number of trees on Earth. Of course, to save environment... The fact is that every year mankind cut down about 15 billion trees for its needs. Now, knowing the total number of trees and the rate of their felling, we can better control and calculate the process of reforestation.
Trees are a form of woody plants consisting of a root, trunk, and crown. In 2015, there were three trillion trees on our planet. Russia ranks first in terms of their number - 640 billion. But every year, due to climate change and deforestation, their number is decreasing.
Tree classification
Conifers.
1. Conifers (evergreen) - these trees belong to the domain - eukaryotes, the kingdom - plants, department - conifers. They grow in moderate climatic zoneas they love in moderation warm climate and sufficient hydration. Largest number species is found in the northern hemisphere. Their sizes can be from a dwarf to a giant.
IN modern world conifers include woody plants with one trunk and side branches located on it. These are araucaria, pine and cypress trees such as spruce, cypress, juniper, sequoia, yew, cowrie, fir, cedar, pine and larch. If a plant has cones in which seeds develop, and the leaves look like long needles, then it can be safely called coniferous.
Araucaria.
Pine.
Cedar
Cypress
The oldest and tallest trees belong to conifers.
The oldest tree Methuselah
This bristly intermontane pine was discovered in 1953 by the botanist Edmund Schulman. The tree is approximately 4846 years old. It was planted in 2831 BC. Today, this tree is considered alive and it grows in the Inio National Forest in California (USA) at an altitude of 3000 meters above sea level.
Tallest tree - Hyperion
The height of this tree is 115m. The trunk diameter is 4.84 m. It grows in the USA, California. The approximate age is 700 - 800 years. This tree was discovered in 2006 by Chris Atkins and Michael Taylor.
Deciduous.
2. Deciduous (small-leaved and broad-leaved) differ in crown shape, color of leaves and the presence of fruits. These include trees such as maple, aspen, linden, ash. Trees are also divided by leaf life into evergreen and deciduous. Deciduous ones shed their foliage closer to winter, and in the spring they release buds again, from which green leaves grow again. Evergreen trees change their leaves gradually at any time of the year.
Types of trees (photos and pictures).
Maple.
Oak.
Chestnut.
Linden.
Among deciduous trees there are also famous trees.
The largest tree is the Chestnut "Hundred Horses".
One of the oldest chestnut trees in the world is known as Castagno dei cento cavalli. It grows on the east coast of Sicily, eight kilometers from the active crater of Mount Etna. Chestnut entered the Guinness Book of Records as the tree with the largest trunk coverage (in 1780 its circumference was 57.9 m). This tree has one root and several trunks above the ground. If you believe the legend, then Giovanna of Aragon - the queen of Naples, along with a hundred knights fell into a thunderstorm. All 100 travelers were then able to hide under this tree. Since then it has been called the Chestnut "Hundreds of Horses".
Chestnut "hundreds of horses". Collection of the Hermitage in St. Petersburg.
Jean Pierre Houelle - French painter and printmaker (1735 - 1813)
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In 2015, a group of 38 scientists conducted a large-scale study on the state of the world's forests. By combining two methods - satellite observation and field work, they were able to calculate the total number of trees on Earth. We have just over 3 trillion of them.
Forest density map per capita. A source:
Leader in the number of trees - French Guinea
There are more than 20 thousand of them per person. Suriname is second with 15,000, and Guinea is third with 14,000.
Half of all trees grow in Russia, Canada and Brazil
With so much timber, it is not surprising that a tenth of the world's round timber exports are for Russia, and Canada and Brazil -. Despite this, due to the number of people in these countries, there are 4.5 thousand trees for one Russian citizen, and 1.4 thousand for a Brazilian. Canadians are more fortunate - almost 9 thousand trees per capita.
Least of all - in the Middle East and North Africa
True, if there is one palm tree for one Egyptian, and two for an Israeli, then the inhabitants of the Persian Gulf have no trees at all.
If we assume that all the trees will disappear, then first the herbivores will die out, then the predators, then the famine will begin in people. Food prices will skyrocket. Disease rates will skyrocket as hungry people are severely weakened. The human population will decline dramatically. Oxygen will become much less, since a significant part of it is produced by trees. And there will be more carbon dioxide. And with a decrease in the amount of oxygen, the ozone layer of the Earth will suffer.
Of course, we will not be able to cut down all the forests on the planet. But their number. Over the past 12 thousand years, 46% of forests have been destroyed, largely for the sake of agriculture. Is it worth trying to somehow explain that thoughtless deforestation is bad? Especially in a country that suffers from timber smuggling.
- coniferous trees (reproduction through cones, have needles as foliage)
- deciduous trees (covered with thin leafy foliage)
- pine,
- caparice,
- swamp cypress,
- yew,
- capitate,
- araucaria,
- odocarp.
Trees are only divided into two types:
The rest of the classifications are already on some grounds, for example, crown shape, leaves, fruits, roots, trunk, etc.
If we talk about the number of breeds, then there are more than 3000 of them, there is no exact figure, since in the scientific world, breeds are often combined, separated and supplemented.
There are 650 species of coniferous trees. They are divided into 7 families.
There are much more deciduous trees, about ten thousand, they are divided into 60 families.
The oldest trees are conifers.
Trees are evergreen and deciduous.
The most tall tree sequoia.
Today, scientists and biologists know about 650 species of conifers, a deciduous and even uncount ;, their count goes to thousands of species.
It should be noted that the first to appear conifers types of trees that appeared in the Carboniferous era, but deciduous breeds began to grow on Earth only tens of millions of years after the emergence of conifers.
Conifers can be combined into 7 large families:
There are many more deciduous trees, they were divided into 60 families.
This is the diversity of our flora.
The flora of the Earth is enormous. At the moment, there are several types of trees. Conifers about 650 species, deciduous- several thousand species... There are also record holders among trees. So the highest is the sequoia, the height is 115.55 meters, the thickest is the baobab, the diameter is 15.9 meters, and the oldest tree is the spruce, which grows in the mountains of Sweden, the age is 9550 years
Experts say that there are ... countless types of trees!
If pine alone has 120 species - can you imagine how many there are in general, if you count both conifers and deciduous ones? Thousands and tens of thousands, even scientists do not know for sure. But the most common ones are counted. Conifers - 650 species, apple trees - 36, etc.
According to 2015 data, there were about three trillion trees on Earth. If we talk about Russia, then 640 billion trees grow on its territory, and with this number it ranks first in the world after Canada and Brazil.
Every goal on earth becomes fewer trees... This figure is huge - 15 billion. Trees are cut down by humans, and they also die as a result of climate change.
In appearance, all trees can be divided into coniferous and deciduous.
Evergreen needles are characteristic of conifers. These trees can grow cones and juniper berries. Conifers include the following trees: pine, fir, spruce, cypress, larch, sequoia.
Deciduous trees include maple, ash, oak and many others.
To begin with, it should be noted that there is a division into coniferous species (the first appeared on the planet) and deciduous species.
There are more than 650 coniferous species (seven families).
There are several thousand deciduous species (60 families).
There are many tree widows on earth. According to scientific data, there are about 650 widows of conifers alone on earth. And even more deciduous, about ten thousand. And so, if you look, then all trees are divided into coniferous and deciduous.
On Earth, the very first trees appeared at the end of the Carboniferous period, by the way, they were conifers, so they are considered the oldest, deciduous trees appeared after tens of millions of years.
There are 650 species of conifers, all of which are grouped into seven large families:
There are many more deciduous trees, as many as several thousand species, all of them are divided into genera, genera, in turn, are divided into families. There are 60 families of deciduous trees.
In general, there are a huge number of tree species on Earth. But if we talk about dividing them into types, then there are two large groups in total:
1) The first type is coniferous trees. Distinctive features are the presence of needles reproduction by cones.,;
2) But to the second type - deciduous. A distinctive feature is that there are thin leaves.
