Presentation on the topic "Ussuri Reserve". Ussuri Reserve: Animals and Plants Presentation Reserves of the Far East and Eastern Siberia
The location of the Kuril Reserve is located in the Far East, in the Sakhalin region, in fact on the border with Japan. It is located on the island of Kunashir and a few more located near the islands of the Small Kuril Ridge. The Kuril Reserve is located in the Far East, in the Sakhalin region, in fact on the border with Japan. It is located on the island of Kunashir and a few more located near the islands of the Small Kuril Ridge.
The area of \u200b\u200bthe southern section is ha. The relief is low, with absolute altitudes m. In the central part of the reserve, in the caldera of the volcano of golovna, is Oz. Hot and connected by Oz. Boiling. In the northern part of the southern section of Oz. Sand lagoon origin. In the Sea of \u200b\u200bOkhotsk, p. Alekhina and streams Falls, curved and fast. The area of \u200b\u200bthe southern section is ha. The relief is low, with absolute altitudes m. In the central part of the reserve, in the caldera of the volcano of golovna, is Oz. Hot and connected by Oz. Boiling. In the northern part of the southern section of Oz. Sand lagoon origin. In the Sea of \u200b\u200bOkhotsk, p. Alekhina and streams Falls, curved and fast.
The area of \u200b\u200bthe northern plot is equal to hectares. The relief of mediterranean, volcanogenic origin, with an absolute height of 1822 m (volcano toy). In the Pacific, the River Treetinka, Saratov and Noah, in the Sea of \u200b\u200bOkhotsk. Bird.
The third section of 96 hectares consists of a group of small islands of Demin and fragments. The latter includes fox islands, cones and cliffs of cave, sail, candle and kira. The third section of 96 hectares consists of a group of small islands of Demin and fragments. The latter includes fox islands, cones and cliffs of cave, sail, candle and kira.
Climate Reserve Climate Kunashir Wet, Sea and characterized by the domination of East Asian monsoon. In addition, warm and cold sea currents have a significant impact on the climate of the island. So, from the north and west is the ished is washed warm current, and from the south and east, the branch of the Cold Curil. The Kunashir climate is wet, marine and characterized by the domination of East Asian monsoon. In addition, warm and cold sea currents have a significant impact on the climate of the island. So, from the north and west is the isois is washed by a warm current, and from the south and east of the branch of the cold coalkual flow.
Winter is multiserful, mild, but frequent winds reaching hurricane power to m / s. Periodically winter penetrates warm subtropical air, causing thaws to 8-10 °. The amount of precipitation reaches 1000 mm or more per year. On a warmer Okhotsk coast of Kunashir Spring and, accordingly, the vegetation of plants and the nesting of birds begin on days earlier than on the coast of the Pacific Ocean, and in the summer and autumn more warm sunny days. Winter is multiserful, mild, but frequent winds reaching hurricane power to m / s. Periodically winter penetrates warm subtropical air, causing thaws to 8-10 °. The amount of precipitation reaches 1000 mm or more per year. On a warmer Okhotsk coast of Kunashir Spring and, accordingly, the vegetation of plants and the nesting of birds begin on days earlier than on the coast of the Pacific Ocean, and in the summer and autumn more warm sunny days.
Animal world The largest beast brown bear. IN coniferous forests The northern reserve site lives sable. Numerous fox, hareboat. Rare caress and ermine. From the insectors there are clawed and Far Eastern burzubs. The largest beast brown bear. In the coniferous forests of the Northern Reserved section lives sable. Numerous fox, hareboat. Rare caress and ermine. From the insectors there are clawed and Far Eastern burzubs.
The main dwelling is the tear blind, the Japanese yellow-sized flies, a Japanese fruit and a red sparrow. Rare birds green, pigeon, big rowfoots. Kunashir southern wintering of pink seagull. Rare species include daytime predators White-minded and whitening Orlans and Eagle-Berkut. The largest of nightly birds of birds Fishille. Sea Colonial Birds Pacific Sea Seagull, Tupic Rhino and DR. The main dwelling is the testic sinitsa, the Japanese yellow-stenched flies, a Japanese curl and a red sparrow. Rare birds green, pigeon, big rowfoots. Kunashir southern wintering of pink seagull. Rare species include daytime predators White-minded and whitening Orlans and Eagle-Berkut. The largest of nightly birds of birds Fishille. Sea Colonial Birds Pacific Sea Seagull, Tupik Rhino and more ..
All types of reptile endemics Kunashir. They own a lizard Far Eastern Szink and three types of serpent island, small and Japanese poloz. From amphibians, two types of Far Eastern Quake and the Far Eastern Frog are noted. Some of the islands that are members of the reserve, serve as a place of mongrels, recreation and reproduction of the largest seal of the Far Eastern Basin of the Pacific Silence and Anthur. All types of reptile endemics Kunashir. They own a lizard Far Eastern Szink and three types of serpent island, small and Japanese poloz. From amphibians, two types of Far Eastern Quake and the Far Eastern Frog are noted. Some of the islands that are members of the reserve, serve as a place of mongrels, recreation and reproduction of the largest seal of the Far Eastern Basin of the Pacific Silence and Anthur.
Ussuri Reserve
About the reserve Ussuri State Natural Reserve - a specially protected natural territory in Russia. Located on the south. Schogi Sikhote-Alin, in Primorsky Krai. The reserve is under the control of the MPR of the Russian Federation. The main wealth of the Ussuri Reserve is a fairly large array of virgin lianan coniferous forests. The reserve is the name of Academician Vladimir Leontievich Komarov - the largest domestic botany, researcher Flora East Asia. He first gave a description of this territory by visiting it in 1913. The reserve was created back in 1932, since then its area has increased significantly, which is now 40.4 thousand hectares.
The climate The territory of the reserve is part of the Amuro-Ussuriy climatic area of \u200b\u200ba temperate zone with well-pronounced features of the monsoon climate of East Asia. The average annual air temperature is 2.5 ° C. The temperature of the cold month (January) on average -17,9 ° C, the most warm (August) 19.7 ° C; The absolute minimum on the soil is 32 ° C, a maximum of 60 ° C. The amount of precipitation varies from 500 to 1200 mm and on average is 700-800 mm. The average annual air humidity is 70-80% (the smallest in April-May, the largest in July-August).
Flora in the reserve prevails forest vegetation, on the wood paint area there are 40291 hectares. The most characteristic breeds of trees - pine cedar Korean (Korean cedar), firing solvent and white, spruce Ayanskaya, birch, yellow, Linden Amur, Manchurian and soh, Manchurian walnut, etc. The reserve marked 868 species of vascular plants, 252 - mugh, 118 - lichens, 1364 - mushrooms and 210 species of algae. To rare species listed in the "Red Book of Russia", the juniper is solid, ginseng real, Calopanx semi-blatant, Princepius Chinese, pine husto-flower, Tis Pozponna and the lubricah high ..
Fauna Background animals Reserve are a boar, raisubs, airsquet, speakers, squirrel, red-gray Wheels, Ryabchik, Yellow-torn and gray oatmeal, Tits - Bellofty and black and black gaps, Woodles gray, White and big motley. In the "Red Book of Russia" are listed: Tiger Amur, Leopard East Eastosibirsky, Mandarinka, Black Stork, Triton Clawed Ussuriysky. Vertebrates are represented by 62 mammalian species (including red-bubbling - giant burlask, Amur Tiger, Far Eastern Forest Cat, spotted deer, Himalayan bear, etc.); More than 160 species of birds (among them the red-born - Mandarin duck, black stork, a ricegiac owl, a hrictest srych, a crested, etc.), 7 types of reptiles, 6 types of amphibians (including the Ussuriy Clawed Triton), 12 Aspects of fish and discounts are no less rich in the world of invertebrate animals, 32 species belong to rare and disappearing (the grasshopper of the Uvarov, the bubber clocking, etc.). On the territory of the reserve, the largest beetle of the fauna of Russia - Usacht Real, large butterflies - Saturnia Artemis, Brama Tancre, Maak's tap, is found here a freshwater mollusk - pearl seaside.
The Ussuri Reserve is located in Primorsky Krai is only 50 km from Ussuriysk and known to tourists and scientists from the 10th century. XX century. However, the first 20 years in the territory did not have official status, and only in the 30s. The situation has changed due to the initiative of famous botany.
Initially, the natural park was called Supinsky, in honor of the river flowing in the boundaries of the river. Then the reservoir together with the reserve received other names.
Today, the Ussuri Reserve is the most important environment where large scientific research Ecosystems.
Location
About 60% of the territory of the park is located in the Skyrovsky district, and another 40% in the Ussuriysk urban district. The total size of the reserve is 40 thousand hectares. At the same time, the main zone lies in the southern part of the Przhevalsky Mountains, and also captures the ridges of the river Komarovka and the right tributaries of the Artemovka River. At the same time, the relief of the protected land can be called rather low, although beautiful limestone mountains can be found in the northern regions of the park (for example, Serpentine) and caves. In the Ussuri Reserve itself, a non-residential settlement is preserved - the village of Komarovo-protected. The nearest acting villages are Kamenushki and Caymanovka.
The kingdom of protected plants
The Ussuri Krai is famous for the large number of endemics of the Manchu Complex. The protected zone specialists regularly study the lower and higher representatives of the flora, while even important from the economic point of view of specimens are explored - fruit, honey and medicinal plants.
Almost 99% of the territory of the Ussuri Reserve is occupied by forest plant. There are a lot of black fir, cedar, fir trees, larchs, and pines are found on the mountains. Among the trees of other groups - poplars and casualties, birch and linden, rhine and nut. The special rarity and pride of the reserve - the Lianan forests disappeared on the rest of the Far East.
The most popular plants in this edge can be considered eleutherococcus, lechchina, honeysuckle, lemongrass, grapes, sumps, acids. There are more than 1000 species of moss, mushrooms, algae and lichens.
Representatives of animals
The fauna of the Ussuri Reserve is represented by typical birds and beasts, like a boar, raisub, a badger, a row, oatmeal, woodpecker. The birds are almost twice as bigger at the same time, since they prefer broadly and coniferous forests.
Red-friendly animals in this natural zone are also a lot of: black stork, mandar duck, relict tarakan, East East-Bar Leopard, Himalayan Bear. True symbol of the Ussuri Reserve is considered to be amur tigerwhich thanks to the efforts of specialists was able to expand their population. There are also more than 10 species of fish, several species of reptiles and amphibians. The reserve and disappearing insects are distinguished, as well as very large butterflies and beetles. In addition, employees natural zone Organized a special center for small bears who have lost their parents.
Description of Presentation by separate slides:
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Ussuri State Natural Reserve performed students of MKOU SOSH No. 5, G.O. Nalchik Oganesyan Maryam, Kapenov Nadir Kerefov Damir, Etheva Ilona, \u200b\u200bEtaeva Elina Head: Kandrokova Faina Soshiban Geography Teacher
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Ussuri State Natural Reserve - Especially Protected natural territory in Russia. The reserve is the name of Academician Vladimir Leontievich Komarov - the largest domestic botany, researcher of Flora East Asia. It is designed for animals that make up part of wildlife. The actual date of the founding of the reserve is considered to be 1934, since its area has increased significantly, which is now 40.4 thousand hectares.
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The Ussuri Reserve is located on the southern springs of Alin's Sik, in the Primorsky Territory. Sheer stretches for 40 km., And in length of 19.5 km. The relief of the environmental territory is plain, only in the east of the hollow, the lowland system of southern spurs of Sik Sihin is rising, secluded by protecting reserved places from climatic adversity.
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The territory of the reserve is part of the Amuro-Ussuri climatic area moderate zone with well-pronounced features of East Asia monsoon climate. In the summer, warm and humid, winter is a small and moderate-harsh.
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The main wealth of the Ussuri Reserve is a fairly large array of virgin coniferous-wide forests, which has almost preserved in the Far East or in neighboring countries.
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The reserve plays an important role in the protection rare species Animals and plants. Flora of the Ussuri Reserve is very diverse, despite the fact that about 98% of the territory is occupied by mixed, coniferous and wide forests. But the most common coniferous-wide forests (from the entire area is 42%). Employees of the reserve conducted a study and calculated the number of plant species among them: mushrooms - more than 1000, about 820 types of vascular, 250 mnov, about 200 species of algae, hundreds of lichens. One of the basic values \u200b\u200bof the reserve remains plants listed in the Red Book. This includes Tis Poznokone, ginseng real, Princepius Chinese, Juniper solid, Calopanxx seminal and pine husto-flower.
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Since the territory is completely under the cover of the forest, it created excellent conditions for many living beings. In these places found asylum animals typical of forest arrays. So the Ussuriyansky Reserve protects in its panels 62 species of mammals, more than 160 species of birds, 7 - reptiles, 6 - amphibians, 12 - fish and circulation challenges. There are many invertebrates here, among which 32 species are in the Red Book. In the reserve, you can meet the largest beetle of the country - Usach Relict. Large butterflies are flying here - Maak's thageter, Brama Tancre, Saturnia Artemis. A lot of badgers, boars, squirrels, red-gray voles, speakers, spruce live in the reserve. Among the birds can be called a woodpecker (gray and white), oatmeal (gray-headed and yellow head), Ryabchikov, Chernogolov's Gaughty and Blurrushy Blossies. But it is worth noting that river birds prevail here
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The purpose of creating a reserve is to preserve rare species from extinction, so many individuals listed in the Red Book live here. Among the birds, there are hawk srych, a tanger, a challenium scoop, a crochet, black stork and others. In addition to birds, there are such animals as a Far Eastern Forest Cat, a giant blond, the Himalayan Bear, Leopard East Siberian, Spotted Deer and many others who protect the Ussuri Reserve.
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Ussurian tiger - It is one of the most important and unique inhabitants of the reserve. Ussuri (Amur, Far Eastern) Tiger is a subspecies that literally recently could completely disappear. It is the northernmost tig. Listed in the Red Book of the International Union of Nature Conservation and in the Red Book Russian Federation. According to the 2015 census, about 540 amur tigers live in the Russian Far East. The Amur Tiger is traditionally considered the largest in the living representative of the Feline family.
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The Amur Tiger refers to the largest subspecies, wool is curly than the tigers living in warm areas, and its color is lighter. The main color of the wool in winter time - orange, and white belly. This is the only subspecies of the tiger, whose representatives have a five-point layer of fat on the belly, which protects against the chilling wind at extremely low temperatures. The body is elongated, flexible, head round, paws are not sufficient, the tail is long. The ears are very short, as it lives in a cold area. Amur tiger distinguishes colors. At night he sees five times better than a person. In nature, the tiger lives to 15 years, in captivity just over 20 years. For example, the deadline for the Amur Tiger's life in captivity was noted by R. Jones and was estimated at 26 years.
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The length of the body in the males of the Amur tiger to the tip of the tail reaches 2.7-3.8 m, the females are less. Height in withers to 115 cm, weight 170-270 kg, in some cases up to 300 kg. The usual adult male in nature weighs in the range of 180-270 kg, an average of about 200 kg, with a height in the withers in 90-106 cm. Very fast animal, can run at a speed of about 80 km / h.
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Amur tiger - the lord of the huge territories whose area of \u200b\u200bthe female is 300-500 km², and the male - 600-800 km². If the feed is enough within their possessions, the tiger does not leave its territory. With a lack of game, the number of cases of tigers attack on large livestock and dogs increases. Amur tiger is active at night. They are mostly hunting alone.
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Amur tiger is listed in the Red Book of Russia. Measures on its preservation are enshrined by the Decree of the Government of Russia dated August 7, 1995 No. 795 "On the preservation of the Amur Tiger and other rare and endangered species of wild animals and plants in the territories of Primorsky and Khabarovsky regional". In April 2007, experts World Fund wildlife (WWF) announced that the population of Amur tigers reached a central maximum and that the tiger is no longer on the verge of extinction. In July 2010, a national strategy for the preservation of the Amur Tiger was approved in Russia.
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In November 2010, an international forum on issues related to the preservation of a tiger on Earth was held in St. Petersburg, which was attended by representatives of the 13 countries of the habitat of Tiger (Russia, Thailand, Vietnam, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar and Nepal). During the Forum, a global program to restore the number of tiger's number was approved and a declaration on the conservation of a tiger was adopted. In the summer of 2013, the Russian Geographical Society on the initiative of President of Russia V. V. Putin was created by a special fund - "Center Amur Tiger". The Foundation will be maintained and an increase in the population of the Amur Tiger. It will be funded from extrabudgetary sources. In financing the program, a charity took part in financing the program Foundation "Konstantinovsky". In China, the death penalty is provided for the murder of the Amur Tigger.
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