The DPRK experienced a new air defense system. Published video test launches of the new air defense system of North Korea. Selection and training

The first operation of the DPRK Air Force during the so-called. "War for the liberation of the Fatherland" (such an official name of the war in Korea, in June 1950-July 1953) became the storming of Yak-9 fighters of aircraft standing on the territory of the Seoul International Airport on June 25, 1950. Before the UN operation, three months later, North Korean pilots on Yak-9 fighters had five confirmed aerial victories: One B-29, two L-5, one F-80 and F-51D, while not loss. The situation has completely changed when the Air Force of the International Coalition countries settled in the south, and the DPRK Air Force was almost completely destroyed. The remaining aircraft were transferred through the Chinese border to the city of Mukden and Anshhan, where in November 1950, together with the Chinese Air Force, the United Air Forces were created. The PRC continued to provide asylum and assistance to his southern neighbor, and by the end of the fighting in 1953 the CBF Air Force, there were approximately 135 MiG-15 fighters. The peace treaty between North and South Korea was never signed, and since then there is a continuing world between two camps.

Since 1969 and at the moment, the DPRK Air Force does not show high activity, with the exception of individual false attacks of reactive aircraft in the area of \u200b\u200bthe demilitarized zone (DZ) / tactical action lines, which are supposed to be used to check the reaction time of the South Korean air defense time. For example, since 2011, North Korean fighters MiG-29 were forced several times to take off to the interception of South Korean F-16 and F-15K.

Selection and training

Cadets for the Air Force are selected from other generics of the armed forces, are called or gained on a voluntary basis. The flight crews are selected from the most successful members of the youth Red Guard (consisting of 17-25 summer young people) and are usually immigrants from politically influential families, featuring a higher educational level compared to the average North Korean.

The first step for those in the DPRK wants to become a military pilot, is the Air Force Academy. Kim Chhek in Chondzhina, where cadets are trained within four years. Their flight service begins with 70 hours of flight practice on Nanchang CJ-6 training aircraft, which are a Chinese copy of the Soviet Yak-18. 50 such aircraft were obtained in 1977-1978. They are based on two airfields on the east coast in Chondzhin and Konson. In the future, after receiving the title of the second lieutenant or "SOWI", the cadets go to a 22-month in-depth course in the Officer Flight School of Kenson. It includes 100 hours of plaque on the MiG-15Uty's educational and combat fighters (50 was purchased in 1953-1957) or about the same outdated MiG-17 fighters, which are stationed on the nearby air base in Oren.

Having completed flight school in the rank of first lieutenant or "Jungwi", the freshly baked pilot receives an appointment in combat part For further two-year studies, according to the results of which it is considered to be fully prepared. Future helicopters are trained on the Mi-2 helicopters, and the pilots of transport aviation - on the An-2. The officer can count on a 30-year-old service, but promotion to higher ranges, the highest of which is the General Air Force or "Deajang", requires the passage of additional courses, and the highest positions are political appointments.

Training follows a tough doctrine of Soviet pores, and must correspond to a rigidly centralized structure of manual and management of the Air Force. By surveys of the ranks in South Korea, it becomes clear that poor aircraft maintenance, fuel deficiency, which limits the fallout and also in general the unsatisfactory training system prevents the preparation of pilots of the same level as their Western opponents.

Organization

The current structure of the DPRK Air Force includes headquarters, four aviation divisions, two tactical aviation brigades and such a number of sniper brigades (forces special purpose), Which are designed to make the emission of the landing in the enemy rear in order to disorganize it during the fighting.

The main headquarters is located in Pyongyang, he provides direct management of a special flight detachment (VIP transportation), an officer's flight school of Konson, exploration, Reb, test units, as well as all parts of the Air Force of the DPRK.

Offensive and defensive weapons are in the composition of the three aviation divisions deployed in Kason, Toksan and Misunde, which are responsible for the use of numerous artillery anti-aircraft systems and SPC. The remaining aviation division in oran is intended for operational training. Two tactical transport brigades have their own headquarters in Tacone and a short.

Aviation Divisions and Tactical Brigades have several airfields at their disposal, almost everyone has fortified hangars, and some are individual infrastructure elements hidden in the mountains. But not to all assigned "their" aircraft. The DPRK plan in case of war provides for the dispersal of aircraft from the main bases to complicate their destruction by a preventive blow.

At the disposal of the Air Force there are not only "stationary" airbases: the DPRK is braided with a network of long and direct highways, which intersect by other motorways with the help of large concrete bridges. And although this can be observed in other countries, there are no private transport in the DPRK, moreover, women are even forbidden to control the bike. Loads are transported by rail, and motor transportation Very small. The motorways are intended for the rapid movement of military units in the country, as well as as spare airfields in case of war.

The main task of the DPRK Air Force is an air defense aircraft, which is carried out by an automated airspace control system, which includes the RLS network located throughout the country, and the coverage of the air situation over the Korean Peninsula and South China. The entire system consists of a single air defense district in which all operations are coordinated from a combat command center at the DPRK Air Force headquarters. The district is divided into four commands of the sectors: North-West, Northeast, South and Pyongyang Air Defense. Each sector consists of headquarters, airspace control center, a regiment (s) of early radar warning, regiment (s) of the SPC, air defense artillery division and other independent air defense parts. In case of detection of the violator, anxiety rises in the fighter parts, the aircraft themselves rise into the air, and the SPC and anti-aircraft artillery take a goal of escort. Further actions of SPC and artillery should be coordinated with the headquarters of fighter aviation and a combat command item.

The main components of the system are based around the semicondustal radar RRS of early warning, including Russian radar RLS early detection and yield system 5N69, two of which were delivered in 1984. These systems whose declared detection range is 600 km, the three radars of detection and management of st-68u missiles are supported. obtained in 1987-1988. They can simultaneously detect up to 100 air targets at the maximum range of 175 km and are optimized for detecting low flying goals and guidance of RCC C-75. The older P-10 systems, 20 of which were adopted in 1953-1960, have a maximum detection range of 250 km, and five more relative to new RLS P-20 with the same detection range are elements of the radar field system. It includes at least 300 radars of fire control for hard artillery.

It is unlikely that North Koreans have only these systems. The DPRK often finds ways to bypass the regime of international sanctions designed to prevent new weapons in their hands.

Operating doctrines

The actions of the DPRK Air Force, the number of which reaches 100,000 people is determined by the two main provisions of the Basic Doctrine of the North Korean army: joint operations, integration of the partisan war with the actions of regular troops; and "War on two fronts": coordination of operations of regular troops, partisan actions, as well as shares of forces special operations in depth South Korea. From this there are four main tasks of the Air Force: Country Air Defense, Tentization of Special Operations, Tactical Air Support ground Forces and fleet, transport and logistics tasks.

Armament

The decision of the first four tasks, air defense, lies on fighter aviation, which consists of about 100 Shenyang F-5 fighters (Chinese copy of MiG-17, 200 of which were obtained in the 1960s), the same number Shenyang F-6 / SHENYANG F-6C (Chinese version of MiG-19PM), delivered in 1989-1991.

The F-7B fighter is the Chinese version of the MiG-21 later versions. In service with 25 MiG-21BIS fighters, which are residues from those 30 former cars The Kazakh Air Force, IS illegally purchased in Kazakhstan in 1999, at least 174 MiG-21 different modifications in 1966-1974 were obtained. Approximately 60 MiG-23, mostly modifications MiG-23ML were obtained in 1985-1987.

The most powerful KPR fighters are MiG-29B / UB, those that remained from 45 purchased in 1988-1992. Approximately 30 of them were collected at the aviation plant in Pakchon, which was specifically designed to assemble exactly this type of aircraft. But the idea failed due to the Armory embroo imposed by Russia as a result of disputes regarding payments.

North Korean ingenuity is not subject to doubt, and there is no reason to believe that they, taking into account the attention that the regime pays military issues, cannot maintain the aircraft in the flight state, which has long been the place in the metalwoman landfill, as happens and in the case of Iran. Of these aircraft, only MiG-21, MiG-23 and MiG-29 are in service with the air-air missiles: 50 P-27 (purchased in 1991), 450 P-23 (supplies in 1985-1989) and 450 P-60 purchased at the same time. More than 1000 R-13 missiles (Sidewinder's Soviet copy of the American AIM-9) were obtained in 1966-1974, but their service life for now has already had to expire. Additional supplies could take place in violation of international sanctions.

The impact forces are represented by up to 40 Nanchang A-5 attack aircraft delivered in 1982, the remaining 28-30 SU-7B bomber fighters purchased in 1971, and up to 36 SU-25K / BC attack aircraft obtained at the end 1980s. The DPRK maintains a significant number (80 or more) of front-line bombers Harbin H-5 (Chinese copy of Soviet IL-28), some of which refers to the reconnaissance modification of HZ-5.

Direct support for the troops carries out most of the set 1985-1986. 47 Mi-24D helicopters, of which are estimated only 20 remain in a warning state. They, like the Mi-2 helicopters, armed with anti-tank missiles "Baby" and "Fagot", produced in the DPRK on the Soviet license.

PART OF BOMBARDERS H-5 is adapted to the launch of the North Korean version of the Chinese anti-refinery winged rocket CSS-N-1, designated as KN-01 Keumho-1. The rocket has a shooting range of 100-120 km, 100 were released in 1969-1974. In 1986, five anti-submarine helicopters Mi-14Pl were obtained, but their current state is unknown.

It is believed that the DPRK is in service with the DPRK, it is also known that the Russian complex "Malachite" with ten tactic blah "Shmel-1" was purchased in 1994. It will not be a surprise to find out that Pyongyang used them as samples for the development of own bla.

Logistic support is carried out by Air Koryo, a state air carrier, but at the same time that is a transport regime of the DPRK Air Force. At present, the airline fleet consists of a single IL-18B (delivered in the 1960s), as well as three IL-76TD (operated since 1993). Other types of aircraft are represented by the An-24 family, four IL-62M, the same number of Tu-154m, in pair of Tu-134 and Tu-204. The company also exploits an unknown number of helicopters. Although their main appointment is military, they carry civil registration, which allows them to fly outside the DPRK.

Currently, there are no clear signs of modernization of the DPRK of its aviation, despite the fact that the high-ranking North Korean procurement delegation visited Russia in August last year.

Rocket defense

Of course, the PPC Air Defense system is based on the three main "whales" - air defense systems. This is S-75 SPC, in 1962-1980. 2000 rockets and 45 launchers were delivered, and this system is the most numerous. Many of them were recently deployed near the 38th parallels, and most of the remaining protects three corridors - one goes along the casson, sarivon, Pyongyana, Pakchon and Sinaiju on the west coast. Two others pass along the east coast between Wansan, Khamkhain and Sinprom, and between Chondzhin and Nazi.

In 1985, 300 rockets were supplied and eight launchers of S-125 SPCs, most of them covering their high-satisfaction objects, especially Pyongyang and military infrastructure facilities. In 1987, four launchers and 48 missiles of S-200 SPC were purchased. These long-range systems for medium and large heights Use the same radar of the guidance as C-75. Four regiments armed with this type of SPC are deployed next to their colleagues having S-75 SPC (optimized to combat high-altitude targets).

Another numerous type of SPC is KN-06 - a local copy of the Russian two-cycle VRC C-300. Its shooting range is estimated at 150 km. This system mounted on the chassis truck was first publicly represented at a military parade dedicated to the 65th anniversary of the founding date of the North Korean Workers' Party in October 2010.

Significant efforts are spent not to complicate the destruction from the air. rocket Systems and related radar. Most of North Korean RLS early warning, maintaining the goals and guidance of missiles are located either in large underground concrete bunkers protecting from AM, or in the dilated mountain shelters. These objects consist of tunnels, control points, calculation of calculations and explosive steel doors. If necessary, the RLS antenna rises with a special elevator to the surface. There are also many false radar and launchers of rockets, as well as spare sites for the SPC.

The DPRK Air Force is also responsible for the use of CRK. The most numerous PZRK "Strela-2", but at the same time in 1978-1993. Approximately 4500 North Korean copies of the Chinese CRKK HN-5 were delivered to the troops. In 1997, Russia passed the DPRK license for production of 1500 CRKK "Needle-1". "Strela-2" is a first-generation CRKK, which can be guided only by the radiation of a practically infrared range, for the most part of the engine exhaust gases. On the other hand, the "needle-1" is equipped with a dual-mode (infrared and ultraviolet) head of the guidance, which can be guided by less powerful radiation sources emanating from the aircraft glider. Both systems are optimized for use against low-tip targets.

Speaking about artillery air defense systems it should be noted that their range are 100-mm guns of the KS-19 development of the 1940s. 500 implements of this type were supplied in 1952-1980, which in 1995 followed 24 more tools. Approximately 400 self-propelled anti-aircraft guns are more deadly - 57-mm ZSU-57 and 23-mm SSS 23/4, obtained in 1968-1988. This arsenal covers big cities, ports, large enterprises. The DPRK also developed its own self-propelled 37-mm anti-aircraft installation, obtaining the name M1992, which strongly resembles Chinese samples.

State is expensive

Available weapon made it possible to create one of the most dense air defense systems in the world. Focus on sight and bulk artillery It is a direct result of the impossibility for Pyongyang to acquire modern fighters or even spare parts for the antiques, which is most of the DPRK Air Force. Sounding positions of China and Russia in 2010 and 2011 was rejected by both countries. As a state-out-of-world scene, the CBD acquired a reputation as an optional payer for already delivered goods, and even China, who for many years has been an ally and assistant to North Korea, showing irritation by the behavior of his southern neighbor. Beijing's great displeasure purposefully refuses to create a market economy of the same type, which showed itself so successful during reforms in China.

Preservation of the status quo and the continuation of the oppression of their people are the main driving forces of the DPRK leaders. It turns out that much cheaper to create or threaten the creation nuclear weaponswhich can disturb and threaten potential external aggressors than to buy and maintain modern armed forces. The leadership of North Korea quickly extracted the lessons from the destiny of Colonel Gaddafi, which gave way to the requirements of the West and destroyed his nuclear potential and other species of wow, joining the club "Good Guys".

Korean Peninsula

The second task facing the DPRK Air Force is the abandonment of special operations for the Korean Peninsula. It is estimated that in the North Korean army there are up to 200,000 people who are designed to fulfill such a task. The landing is largely carried out thanks to the 150 AN-2 transport aircraft and its Chinese copy of Nancang / Shijiazhuang Y-5. In the 1980s. About 90 Hughes 369D / E helicopters were procured by the hughes 369d / e secretly, and it is believed that today 30 of them are still capable of air. This type of helicopter is a significant part of the South Korea airfield, and in the case of the penetration of special operations for south of the border, they can be confused in the ranks of the defendants. Interestingly, South Korea has an unknown number of An-2, presumably having similar tasks.

The following in the mass of the types of helicopter, in service with the PRDRD, is Mi-2, which are about 70. But they have a very minor payload. Probably, in minor quantities in service stands and veteran Mi-4. The only modern types of helicopters are Mi-26, four copies of which were obtained in 1995-1996. and 43 Mi-8T / MTV / Mi-17, not less than eight of which were illegally obtained from Russia in 1995

Should we be afraid of North Korea?

North Korean Armed Forces exist solely to protect the Fatherland and threat to the invasion of South Korea. Any similar invasion will begin with a mass attack of the south from low heights, and the forces of special operations on the air will be abandoned through the front line in order to "shut down" strategic objects before the land offensive through a demilitarized zone (DZ). Although a threat may seem fantastic due to the state of the DPRK Air Force, it cannot be completely discounted. The value that South Korea pays his own defense, testifies to this. Over the past twenty years, four new North Koretsev airbases have been created near DZ, which reduces the flow rate to Seoul to a few minutes. Seoul himself is a large target, it is one of the largest cities in the world whose population exceeds 10 million people. More than half of the population of South Korea lives in the surrounding agglomeration of Incheon and the province of Kongido, which is the second indicator in the world: 25 million people live here and most of the country's industry is located.

There is no doubt that even if, according to the results of the conflict, the north will incur huge losses, it will also be destructive and for the south. Shock for the global economy will also be serious. It is worth mentioning that at the end of 2010, when the South Korean island was fired at Northerners, there were also large maneuvers, during which a large-scale airflow was worked out, which was allegedly imitating a large-scale war. The result obtained to some extent turned into a farce, since during the exercise there were a collision of aircraft, low reliability was revealed, weak command and control, as well as an unsystematic plan.

No one can say in what direction the modern leader of the DPRK Kim Chen Yun will lead the country, and to what extent it is just a puppet in the hands of the old guard, usurpiring power. What can be confident, so this is that there are no signs of change on the horizon. And the world community looks at the country with suspicion, and the last nuclear tests February 12, 2013, only strengthened it in this.

The combat composition of the DPRK Air Force. According toAirforces.Intelligence with AST Center Amendments

Original Publications: Air Forces Monhly, April 2013 - Sérgio Santana

Translation of Andrei Frolova

Air Defense and Aviation North Korea presented
KN-06 He 번개 -5 호 He PON "GAE-6 - 16 C-300 PT cars were purchased in a non-named country along with documentation for production of 5B55KD missiles. Just technologically, they can only. Then art deco recycling. In order to hide from where the derescushki. RLS imitating radar from HQ-9 and C-300V is just the immutation and emitter of the illumination. Real guidance occurs from installation 5n63 which stands on the side :). Rockets are already more than 200 missiles. What can C-300 PT ? 6 target and 12 rocket channels. Range from 5 to 75 km, height up to 27 kilometers. The acquisition took place Barter - slaves in the Russian Federation in exchange for complexes from Ukraine. :)
C-200 75 rockets But how many of them will fly a big question, there are no production, and the resource has long been over. Most likely, if the couple takes off already cool. So purely radar.
C-125 300 missiles and the same but.
S-75 But the production of these missiles is 11D in both options there. Total 180 launchers, and more than 2000 rockets in stock. Cons of this system - the radio amandal guidance is well faded. Range up to 34 km, with a height of 27 km. Rocket speed 3 Mach. This is the main air defense of the DPRK.
C-25 was in 1961 75 rockets but this is no longer anything for a long time. This is essentially purely locator stations. How many of them workers ....
Cube-M1 - was 18 pieces. Why was it? Because missiles do not produce them. So also purely radar with layouts.
Beech-M1 - 8 pieces with an unnamed country. There are no docks on the rocket. Rockets sold 50 pieces. Can affect aircraft from 3 to 35 km, rockets - 25 km in height 22 km Maximum target speed 800 m / s. Julia? You? As you can :).
Also in the DPRK, copies of the CRKK 9k38 needle with range up to 5 kilometers are made. They could even be contemplated in Syria. In total, more than 1000 complexes were made, but most of them were sold.
There are old arrows in stock. But they will shift from them from the strength of 100 or less.
there are 1200 bonds of 23 mm anti-aircraft guns (in assemblies of 2,4,6,8) and the production of cartridges to them.
Aviation
from all aviation real threat represents
MiG-29 is 30 cars 9-12a, it is MiG-29A and 5 cars 9-51, it is MiG-29UB without radar. Of which are more than 23 cars for approximately 23 cars. And there is also sufficient stocks of ammunition to them. Which is a little updated through the illegal market.
MiG-23 is 48 MiG-23MF machines and 8 MIG-23UB machines. But .... of them, the comby 18 cars MiG-23MF. And two MiG-23UB can take off and sit down.
Su-25 is 26 simple and 8 bars. Almost all of them fly, but only this is still the attack aircraft.
The rest of the flying garbage, most of which originals and Chinese copies of MiG-15, MiG-17, MiG-19, MiG-21, IL-28, SU-7, AN-2 are no longer flying. They are only suitable for museums, well, or as flying targets. Just this is good in open media 700 such targets. What is certainly complete nonsense. MiG-15 and MiG-17 - 60 years. The engines have long developed resources long ago. If several pieces for the museum view will rise up it is already cool. MiG-19 45 years old. Here, well, two dozen can take off. Il-28 is the same. They were less. Su-7 was little if it takes off one cool. MiG-21 officially was 26 pieces. But the spare parts for them can still be easily and easy. Therefore, their 20 pieces flies. But which of them is the opponent well for F-16 or F-15K ... funny. An-2 ... Caluor ... with a machine gun ... Sesame. In total, there are 80 cars in the sky if they raise it will be a fascinating target shot :).
So 41 car that can really fight in the air. 43 cars that will be able to try the storming show and die. That's all the Air Force.
Oh yeah helicopters.
Mi-24 indicates 20, 12. Mi-14 is flying 8 flies 3. Mi-8 is 40 flies 32. Polish copies of Mi-2 are 46 flies 12.
But the main helicopter is unexpectedly - the American MD500, he is Hughes Oh-6 Cayuse and yes it is produced in the DPRK. How do you like these pies? The basis of North Korean helicopter forces is an American military helicopter. At the same time, the DPRK was sold not only the helicopters themselves, but also a complete set of technical documentation including on the engine Allison Model 250. In my opinion it is enchanting :). Armament or two blocks of 70mm nurses of 7 rockets in each. Either two 12.7 mm machine gun. Or other nurses blocks are similar size and weight, or 4 pthys of the type of cornet. 5 passengers.
On the this moment 96 cars were released and all active. The armament of this helicopter is certainly not related to air defense, but it can be quite not pleasant to the enemy. With Nurses, the DPRK has no problems as they are not difficult in manufacture and are produced.
The air defense fleet is almost lacking and represented only by anti-aircraft gunners and there are 300 stems.
Of the above-mentioned air defense, only kits provided during cooperation with the Russian Federation are seriously threatened.
Namely, the C-300PT disguised under KN-06 to 75 km, the beech-M1 to 35 km, as well as S-75 to 34 km. In addition, 41 aircraft MiG-29 and MiG-23 having a full range of ammunition. In addition, for low-tightener purposes at altitudes up to 5 km, the danger is a high saturation of the CRKK type needle-1, 43 aircraft Su-25 and MiG-21 and 140 helicopters OH-6, Mi-24, Mi-8.
However, this state of affairs is only due to the repair issue of existing in the DPRK. The DPRK has its own CNC and they were supplied in the Russian Federation. However, the level of materials science at the level of 1970s and has failures. This leads to the fact that the details of the engines for MiG-23 in the DPRK can not be made. There are also technological failures - the DPRK cannot repair the RLS from MiG-29, but can repair it from MiG-19. They can repair any case part of MiG-29, but are not able to fix the engine. They can make an Allison 250 engine, but with the engine for MiG-21 they cannot do anything.
Key industries for the DPRK are Materials Science, Engine Physics, Lockers, and their Snayes - that's why so many students from the DPRK are studying it. When they assign it to them, they will need a number of equipment that they have already purchased and buy. Then many of the landed cars they will be able to raise. However, this will increase the amount of dangerous machines by only 80%.
But time does not only work for the DPRK. The thing is that the DPRK mastered the release of serious rockets that raise the radius of the PPC 12 to 75 kilometers. And the question of time when it is more.
Already at the current moment, the Republic of Kazakhstan itself is independently able to suppress the air defense of the DPRK without serious losses. However, for a coalition with a powerful fleet and a ground segment that will increase the concentration of air defense tools for five times, it will allow to block the DPRK within the territory of the North, not allowing a breakthrough through the DMA not only on the ground but also by air.
Coalition forces, in the form to which it is possible, happens to war within the year from the current enough to destroy aviation in three days of battle, helicopters for a month, suppress air defense over the month in safe mode battle. However, for this requires massive rocket strikes through the territory of the DPRK. To which independently the RK will not have enough strength. It is necessary to make much higher saturation of the air defense in the region - which would allow to safely perform the departures of the Aviation of the South and Coalition. Otherwise there will be losses.

Accurate date and place of them are unknown

In the morning on Sunday, May 28, it became known about the test launches of new missiles aimed at intercepting drones or enemy rockets.

"Like a lightning (rocket), the drone and the opponent's rocket," comments the voice behind the scenes into dust.

Earlier it was reported that North Korea conducted tests new system anti-heart defense. The exact date and place of them are unknown.

The leader was attended by the leader of North Korea Kim Jong Yun. After that, it is elements of the system. Kim Chen Yun stressed that it is necessary to produce a new system in maximum quantity, so that it covers the whole country, like a forest. "He also noted that the new air defense should" deprive the enemies of the illusion about their dominance in the air. "

Recall To increase the pressure on North Korea.He will join American aircraft carriers"Karl Vince and Ronald Reagan.which are already located in the area of \u200b\u200bthe Korean Peninsula.