Museums of railway equipment in russia. Russian Railways Museum on paveletskaya
The Central Railway Museum is one of the world's oldest technical museums. It was founded in 1813 as a "special room" for storing models at the Institute of the Corps of Railway Engineers. An active replenishment of the collection began with the development of railway transport in Western Europe and America. In 1859, a special decree was issued, according to which all institutions involved in construction in Russia were required to send models and drawings of the structures built to the institute: transport facilities, bridges, administrative buildings, monuments and cathedrals. In 1862, the museum opened to the public. In 1901-1902 a new building was built for him in the Yusupov Garden. The museum survived the revolution but nearly perished from mismanagement in the early 1930s. During the war, his collections were evacuated to Novosibirsk.
At present, the museum has more than 60 thousand storage units: albums, drawings, photographs, books, more than 300 models of locomotives and carriages. 11 halls of the halls are full of static and dynamic models and layouts. Despite this, the museum remains little known; only a few tourists who come to St. Petersburg know about its existence.
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1. On the front staircase, visitors are greeted by a huge map of the USSR railways. 
2. Below it are compact dioramas showing the evolution of passenger and freight stations. 
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6. The first hall is dedicated to the birth of railways in the world and in the Russian Empire. In the center - a bust of Franz Gerstner, who built the Tsarskoye Selo railway. 
7. The hall presents models of the first steam locomotives of the Tsarskoye Selo railway. 
8. The first domestic train tickets. 
9. Telegraph line of the Nikolaev railway. 
10. The second hall is dedicated to bridge building. 
11. Here are the models of various bridge structures. 
12. The current model of the lifting Volkhov bridge. 
13. Model of the Krasnoluzhsky bridge at the Moscow Railway. 
14. Now this bridge has been moved to a new location and turned into a pedestrian bridge. 
15. Cut of larch sawn down during the laying of the Transsib. 
16. In the third hall, you can see models of cars and steam locomotives of the Tsarist era, as well as original samples of the first communication devices in Russia. 
17. Model of a water tower on a hyperboloid base. 
18. First, mechanical automation of switches and semaphores. 
19. Models are made in different scales and their different materials. 
20. Steam locomotive type 1-2-0, built at the Kolomna plant at the end of the XIX century. 
21. Model of the steam locomotive "C" release 1911. 
22. Commercial steam locomotive type 0-3-0 + 0-3-0 brand FN (Ferli). They were built in 1879 by Siegl's plant in Vienna. 
23. Sectional view of a commercial steam locomotive, made in the Moscow workshops of the Moscow-Brest railway. 
24. Unique, fully wooden model. 
25. This is a 1-2-0 type passenger steam locomotive. 
26. The model is great! 
27. Models of passenger cars of the Trans-Siberian Express. 
28. Compartment car. 
29. Restaurant car (more precisely, saloon car). 
30. Suburban train. These cars did not have a heating system. Passengers were either given blankets, or hot bricks were placed under the seat, which, after cooling down, could be replaced, but at an additional cost. 
31. Carriage of the third class, with wooden shelves. Interestingly, the upper shelves were laid out and combined into one. The settlers climbed onto them in three or four and lay together with the transported livestock. It was warmer that way. 
32. Something similar happened in the 3rd class carriage of the North Caucasian Railways in 1890-1900. 
33. Two-axle carriage for the transportation of live fish. 
34. Several communication and automation devices. 
35. Hughes' type-printing telegraph apparatus with a kettlebell drive from Siemens and Halske, Petersburg, 1870-1880s. 
36. Several exhibits come from the XX century. 
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38. Small hall number 5 is dedicated to the war. 
39. German hook system destroyer. During the war, 65 thousand kilometers of railway tracks, more than 13 thousand artificial structures, more than 4 thousand stations were destroyed. New lines were laid at a speed of 16 km per day. 115 thousand kilometers of railways were restored (some roads were restored two or three times). 
40. The sixth hall is dedicated to the construction of railways and track construction machines. 
41. Types of railway embankments and excavations. 
42. Fragments of the web, demonstrating rail fasteners and joint design. 
43. I have always been fascinated by the sight of such intersections. As if the paths are collected in a bouquet. 
44. Antique devices used by the trackers to check the rails. Profiler. 
45. Rolling gauge for measuring track gauge and rail elevation. 
46. \u200b\u200bTypes of columns and pointers. 
47. The exposition of the hall was mainly created in the 1960-1970s, therefore one of the walls is occupied by a poster with the image of the BAM. 
48. Model of track-laying crane UK25 / 21 of V.I. Platonov. 
49. How much work has been invested in creating these layouts! 
50. Much of this is done by the hands of engineering students. 
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53. Model of the ballasting machine B-5. 
54. The car was awarded the 1st Grand Prix prize at the World Exhibition in Paris. 
55. It was created in 1938 by designers V.A. Alyoshin, F.D. Barykin and P.G. Belogortsev. 
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58. Model of the track self-propelled rail welding machine PRSM-3. 
59. Electric rotary snowplow ESO-3 (BRS). 
60. Hall 8 displays an extensive collection of car models. 
61. Eight-axle tank model 15-880 for the transportation of light oil products (gasoline, etc.). 
62. Glacier car. 
63. Refrigerator. 
64. Twenty-axle (!) Conveyor. 
65. Themed paintings hang on the walls of the halls. 
66. A model demonstrating the principle of operation of the propulsion device of a steam locomotive L. 
67. The pride of the museum is the collection of locomotives in hall 7. 
68. Here are models of the most common and interesting locomotives. 
69. Two-section freight locomotive of the 2TE10L series. 
70. Inside the cab. 
71. Shunting diesel locomotive TGM3-012. 
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73. Shunting diesel locomotive TEM2-003. 
74. One of the world's first mainline diesel locomotives - GE 1 engineer Ya.M. Gakkel. 
75. Two-section gas turbine locomotive GT101-001. 
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77. Diesel locomotive TE10. 
78. Two-section freight electric locomotive VL80-001. 
79. Two-section freight electric locomotive VL85-005. 
80. Electric train ER10-001. 
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83. Also in the hall there is an automatic stand telling about children's railways in the USSR. 
84. In the “car building” hall, besides the already mentioned cars, models of projects that have not yet been implemented are presented. For example, engineer S.S. Waldner and the balloon train of engineer N.G. Yarmolchuk 
85. Also in the hall there is a model of the section of the soft 16-seat carriage 15sb of the Egorov plant. He exhibited at the All-Union Industrial Exhibition and received a 1st degree diploma. 
86. The model served to test the design of the luxury compartment and was made in the early 1950s, before the serial production of these cars. There is a toilet and shower behind the door on the left. 
87. Model of an experienced double-deck car with a dome for viewing the area. Built by the Yegorov Leningrad Plant in 1965. 
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90. This could be a new, high-speed highway Moscow - St. Petersburg, but we have followed the simplest path, using the old Nikolaev highway. 
91. Finally, the most interesting exhibits of the museum. The operating model of the sorting hump was created in 1935, simultaneously with the first slide in the USSR. 
92. The Krasny Liman station of the Donetsk railway served as the prototype of the model. with the first mechanized slide in the country, commissioned in 1934. 
93. The work of the slide is managed by a guide. 
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How it works live, you can watch the video:
95. Next to the model, you can see an authentic routing hump accumulator that operated on the hump from the 1940s to the 1960s. 
96. And here is a model of devices that slow down the carriages when going down the hill. 
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98. One of the few contemporary exhibits of the museum is this huge map presented by Russian Railways. 
99. The entire last room is occupied by one exhibit - a model of an electrified section of the railway. It demonstrates the work of automatics that regulate the movement of trains. 
100. The layout is controlled by genuine remotes. 
101. Here are the consoles DC (dispatching interlocking), MRTs (route-relay interlocking), EC (electrical interlocking) and MCU (route-key control). 
102. A three-car electric train ER2 on a scale of 1:50 can travel according to the layout, following the instructions of the automation. 
103. The length of the path of the model is 43 meters. 
104. There are four stations on it. 
105. The model was created in the 1930s, but it still works and is shown on every tour. 
107. Finally, it is worth mentioning that there is a small open exhibition in the courtyard, but visitors usually do not get here. 
