Straight coarse water filter. How to properly install a coarse filter in front of the meter. Where is the filter installed and why is it needed

The water coming through pipes or from a well contains a variety of biological and chemical impurities, as well as mechanical impurities that can be dangerous both for human health and for complex household appliances and expensive plumbing fixtures.

Removing large impurities will help main coarse water filter.

It is installed directly at the entrance to the house. Also, such devices are also called pre-filters. They trap grains of sand, silt and other contaminants and prepare the water for further purification using other filters.

Those who purchased expensive household appliances were probably warned that the manufacturer's warranty will only be valid if there is a filter at the inlet, that is, pre-cleaning is a prerequisite. Plumbing reacts to water quality, streaks and plaque may appear, connections begin to leak, and the gasket needs to be replaced faster.

Even water meters can not withstand dirty water and fail.

If there is a fine filter in the house, then the prefilter will facilitate its work, less often it will be necessary to replace the cartridges.

VIDEO REVIEW

In city apartments, it is required to install different main devices for both types of water. In this case, the filter for cold water under no circumstances should be used for hot cleaning.

By the type of cartridges, the following types of devices are distinguished:

mesh,
corrugated,
winding filters.

The equipment can also differ in the degree of purification.

According to this indicator, there are:

one-stage - for removing rust, sand, sediment,
two-stage - additionally remove chlorine, clay, organic matter, unpleasant odors,
three-stage - make the water softer, remove iron.

Before buying a trunk device, it is important to decide on the following parameters:

line type (hot or cold water),
required level of cleaning (mesh or cartridge filters can be used),
case type (with high water consumption - Big blue, with small Slim Line),
the level of hydraulic losses (the higher your apartment, the less losses should be),
type of cartridge (selected after water analysis).

VIDEO

Rating of the best coarse water filters for home

Main filters Geyser- used for cleaning and conditioning water for household needs. They perform a whole range of tasks - from the simplest to complete reverse osmosis treatment, as a result of which the water becomes completely potable.

The body can be made of plastic or stainless steel. A large selection of cartridges for water purification of any level of contamination is presented. Replacing equipment cartridges is quite simple, and the devices themselves are durable and reliable.

Another market leader is the company "Aquaphor", offers Viking models for installation in a city apartment or in the country. Effectively removes sand and rust, pesticides, heavy metals, unpleasant odors.

The robust metal housing provides resistance to mechanical stress and high pressure.

It features a high cleaning speed - about 25 l / min. The compact design allows the equipment to be placed in awkward and hard-to-reach places.

The honeywell coarse water filter is deservedly considered one of the best, its advantages:

patented backwash mechanism,
no need for cleaning,
increased reliability and durability.

They are not afraid of pressure surges, easy to install and use.

The Israeli company Arkal produces no less high-quality coarse flow filters for water than the previous manufacturer. Their products are not yet so popular in Russia, but they are very often used in European countries... The main cleaning element is corrosion and pressure shock resistant polymer discs.

Installation instructions - how to unscrew the coarse water filter

At installation of a coarse water filter it is worth relying on the figure of the arrow on the body, which shows the direction of the flow of water.

If filter cleaning is envisaged, installation of a bypass line will be required.

In general, the procedure will be as follows:

Install the hardware using an adjustable wrench. With a perpendicular filter, the sump should be with the cover facing down to allow dirt to accumulate.
Flush the equipment by opening the drain valves under the appliance.
After 30 seconds, the device can be returned to the working position.

Do-it-yourself cleaning of the coarse water filter

If you need to replace the device with a new one, follow the steps below:

Turn off the water, leave all taps open to relieve pressure. Then close the taps back.
Use a wrench to twist the old filter, remove the clamps from the wall.
Remove the old seal, wind up a new insulating tape.
Attach the device to the wall.
Turn on the water, check for leaks.

Are there any differences in coarse water filters for a country house

Coarse water filters for summer cottages have a number of differences from similar equipment for use in city apartments. First of all, the difference is due to the composition of the water. In the city, the water is characterized by increased hardness, and in the country, many are faced with the smell of hydrogen sulfide and the taste of metal.

Also, the selection of equipment is carried out taking into account the source of water intake, because water outside the city does not undergo preliminary treatment and comes directly from a well or well.

In individual houses, it is possible to use a wider range of equipment, since usually there are no problems with free space for devices. For this reason, many install more complex complex systems not only for coarse, but also for fine water purification.

Some manufacturers offer universal appliances that can be used both in a private house and in an apartment. Before buying such a device, it is still recommended to analyze the water and understand whether it is suitable for purifying water in your area.

In the water that enters houses and apartments through the communications system, in addition to unwanted chemical impurities and compounds, solid insoluble particles may be present - fine grains of sand, rust, scale from pipe welding, clay, etc.

Coarse pre-filters help to get rid of all these mechanical suspensions. They are of several types - cartridge, pressure, cartridge, etc., however, the most widespread are simple and reliable metal mesh filters.

Their undoubted advantages are:

compact size;
long service life - at least 20 years;
ease of installation and maintenance;
versatility - they are suitable for coarse filtration and cold, and
hot water;
low price.

The principle of operation of a strainer for coarse water purification

All pre-filters are simple and reliable in design. A beveled barrel-barrel is provided in a one-piece metal case, inside which there is a filter element - a fine stainless steel mesh (mesh size - 50-400 microns).
There is an internal or external thread on both sides of the housing. The tilted cylinder has a twist-off plug for cleaning the filter.

The mud sump is installed on the water supply system directly at the entrance to the house or apartment immediately after the valves. The flow of water passes through the mesh, and all mechanical impurities contained in it are retained and deposited in the sump-sump.

If the water contains a large amount of rust and other dirt, the mechanical filter becomes clogged and the water pressure drops. In this case, it is necessary to clean the filter by shutting off the water supply and unscrewing the drain plug.

Instructions - correct installation of the coarse water filter

Mesh filters are available in several designs. The most widespread type of mud collectors is flush "oblique" strainers.

They are typically made of brass or similar alloys and are mounted in the plumbing system using a 1/2 to 2 ”threaded socket.

To install a coarse water filter, prepare the following tools and materials:

the filter itself (it is selected according to the diameter of the apartment water supply pipe,
the most common connection is 1/2 inch);
adjustable or adjustable plumbing wrench - 2 pcs.;
FUM tape, sanitary linen or sealing thread.

The filter is always installed directly after the central shut-off valve, immediately at the inlet of the water supply pipe to the house or apartment.

In most cases, horizontal installation is carried out, although vertical installation of the sump is also possible as an exception (with the direction of the water flow from top to bottom).

The most important thing is that the movement of the water flow in the pipe coincides with the direction of the arrow on the filter housing.

The dirt collector must be positioned with the plug downwards, while it is necessary to provide free space for servicing (flushing) the filter.

The coarse filter is installed as follows:

FUM-tape or other sealing material is wound on the thread of the shut-off valve;
Then the filter is screwed onto the tap - first by hand, then tightened tightly with a wrench. To install the filter with the plug down, you must first wind the filter without a seal (this will help to set the number of turns);
Immediately after the coarse filter, a metering device (water meter) is installed. Tightening the nuts is carried out using two wrenches: with one they hold the filter, the other - they twist the counter. Too strong pressure and sudden movements are not worth it, as this can lead to the formation of cracks in the fasteners.
After completing the installation, check the tightness of the threaded connections by short-term switching on of water.

Even the strainer is completely clogged and shut off the water supply, there is no need to change it completely.

In this case, it is enough to unscrew the plug of the coarse water filter, rinse the housing and clean the mesh. If the filter element is damaged, it can always be purchased separately and replaced.

VIDEO INSTRUCTION

How to clean an oblique filter

The coarse filter is most often clogged during water supply after shutdown. Rust, scale and other dirt is washed out by pressure - all of it is retained by the mesh.

To clean the oblique filter, you need to prepare two adjustable wrenches, a small bucket and a dry rag.

The flushing process itself is performed as follows:

We substitute a container for draining water under the sump plug;
we fix the filter with one adjustable wrench, with the second we unscrew the drain plug;
We remove the mesh filter element, clean it of debris, rinse it with water;
We clean the filter housing;
Putting the grid in place;
We tighten the cork.

After flushing the mud filter, it is imperative to check the tightness of the connection by briefly switching on the water. If water seeps out from under the plug, tighten the nut again.

The water delivered to the dwelling through the plumbing contains a certain percentage of impurities in the form of sand, scale fragments, corrosion, lime particles, etc. In order to protect people and Appliances, it is imperative to install a filter on the pipe for coarse and sometimes fine water (the second option is used to eliminate odors, organic and chemical contaminants, and individual microorganisms).

How are coarse filters and what are they?

For all devices that carry out mechanical filtration of water, structural similarity is characteristic. The housing is equipped with an internal metal mesh or other filtering device. These can be special discs for cutting off coarse sand, corrosion, etc. An important part of the design of such a filter is a drain that collects trapped debris.

When the sump is completely filled, the water must be shut off, and the outlet must be cleaned and rinsed. The frequency of such cleaning is directly influenced by the degree of water pollution. For prevention purposes, this procedure should be carried out at least 4 times a year.

Regardless of the specific model, all mechanical cleaning filters work according to a similar principle. In this case, a number of design features may differ: we are talking, first of all, about the type of filter, its configuration, installation method and method of removing dirt that has accumulated in the pipe.

Mesh and cartridge filters

The strainer-sump has a cleaning element in the form of a metal mesh, for the manufacture of which stainless steel is used. This mesh has a mesh size of 50-400 microns. When installing the filter on the water pipe, make sure that the inspection cover faces downward. Installation into the piping system is carried out using the usual tools included in the standard plumbing kit. When making threaded connections, it is important to achieve their complete tightness, in order to avoid water leaks.

The popularity of the mesh filter is due to its good durability, without the need to replace the filter element. This is why they compare favorably with another coarse filter model - cartridge (cartridge). These devices are mainly wall-mounted, due to the large bulb included in their design. The flask itself can be transparent or opaque: inside it is equipped with a replaceable cartridge, for the manufacture of which polyester, twisted polypropylene thread, or compressed fibers are used.

The cleaning capabilities of such cartridges can vary: coarse mechanical filtration of water is carried out with products of 20-30 microns. The contaminated filter element must be replaced with a new one: it is forbidden to rinse and reuse the used cartridge. When installing water filters on pipes in an apartment, most often cartridge models are combined with mesh ones, which significantly increases the effect of mechanical water filtration. In this case, it is better if the strainer is in front of the flask, because this extends the service life of the latter.

Straight and oblique mesh water filters

Any type of mechanical filter is characterized by the presence of two nozzles - inlet and outlet, as well as a special sump where water is purified. By exactly how this sump is located, strainers are divided into straight and oblique. In the first case, the sedimentation tanks are located at a certain slope to the water flow, which is very convenient in situations where the pipeline runs above the floor itself. In addition, vertical pipeline sections are equipped with such models.

In the second case, the sump is perpendicular to the water supply. The straight filter for the pipeline is of considerable size, which requires a lot of space for its installation under the water supply. The significant size of the sump allows vertical filters to reach good level cleaning. To close it, there is a convenient threaded plug, or a flange cover.

Strainers with flanges and couplings

Depending on the type of tie-in, with the help of which filters on pipes for water purification are mounted in the water supply system, they can be flanged or coupled. It is customary to equip pipes with a cross section of more than two inches with flanged products. First of all, we are talking about the main water pipelines and junctions located in the basements of high-rise residential buildings.

Bolts or pins make it possible, if necessary, to quickly dismantle such a filter: while all other parts of the water supply system remain in place. The sections of the highways that are equipped with flange filters are planned at the stage of drafting project documentation... Pipes up to two inches in diameter are fitted with threaded filters. In such a situation, quick-release union nuts (the so-called "American") are used as connecting elements.

Mud collectors and mesh filters with a flushing system

Another type of classification of mesh filters is according to the method of removing accumulated debris from the sump. Mud traps are models that do not provide for the possibility of flushing. Basically, this applies to all oblique mesh filters, as well as some models of the direct type of nozzle arrangement. To clean the accumulated dirt, disassemble and wash the device. On direct filters of the perpendicular arrangement of the sump, where there is a flushing system, an outlet valve is also installed: through it, the settled area is drained into the sewer system and the outlet is cleaned with a water flow.

The principle of fine water purification in pipes

With the help of coarse mechanical cleaning, most of the debris is removed from the water, but some chemical elements and their compounds still remain.

In this case, fine cleaning equipment is used, the main of which can be the following filter elements:

Sorption substances (activated carbon and aluminosilicate).
Reverse osmosis membrane.
Ion exchange resins.

You should be aware that this filter for water pipes is mainly equipped with replaceable working elements. Each manufacturer indicates the frequency of replacements on the attached instructions: this is influenced by the period of operation of the device, and the amount of treated volume of water.

Ultra-fine multi-stage cleaning

In systems of several stages, after mechanical filtration, the water flow is passed through ultrafine filters, which are located in several groups, one after another. As a result, the output is high-quality drinking water... At the first stage, mechanical debris is removed from it: the water becomes almost transparent, but this is only the beginning of the cleaning process.

The second stage is equipped with an ion exchange cartridge, which makes it possible to change chemical composition water, removing from it all elements and substances harmful to health. As a result, traditional scale formation is not observed during boiling. In the third stage, the water is purified with pressed activated carbon: in this way, the conditioning of the water stream is achieved.

After that, the water tastes good and smells good. Also, it is given crystal transparency: now it can be safely used for drinking and cooking. As a rule, the place for installing three-flask systems is the space under the kitchen sink. This approach allows you not to disturb the overall look of the interior. To bring the purified water outside, the sink is equipped with an additional tap.

Molecular purification with reverse osmosis filters

It is not for nothing that reverse osmosis systems are called the highest quality water filters: in the process of such purification, the molecular level is affected. For filtration, in this case, a semi-permeable thin-film membrane is used, where the pores have a size of no more than 0.0001 microns.

This makes it possible to eliminate almost all impurities (99%). Microscopic membrane pores allow only water molecules to leak. Before reverse osmosis, water is passed through several purification stages in order to prevent rapid clogging of reverse osmosis filters with large debris.

Most often, these systems contain the following degrees of cleaning:

The first stage is equipped with a cartridge for mechanical pre-treatment: it is able to rid water of impurities of 15-30 microns in size.
The second stage consists of activated carbon for the removal of gas, chlorine and organochlorine substances.
The third stage carries out fine cleaning from debris 1 - 5 microns in size. There is also activated carbon for additional cleaning.
The fourth step - directly myself reverse osmosis... At this stage, water is passed through the thin-film membrane.
The fifth stage is another coal cleaning.

Reverse osmosis filtration removes harmful chemicals and metals from water. In addition, in this way, the water can be purified from many harmful microorganisms, as a result of which it acquires crystal purity and safety.

The disadvantage of this method is that it removes both harmful impurities and useful minerals and salts from the water composition. To solve this problem, individual manufacturers of reverse osmosis systems began to include mineralizers and ionizers in the design. If the pressure in the water supply system is less than 3 atmospheres, reverse osmosis filters are equipped with special pumps: they help to create an optimal functional head in the system.

How to choose the right cleaning option for your plumbing

When choosing the optimal method for water purification, it is important to determine which goal should be achieved. It is hardly reasonable to purify the entire volume of water entering the dwelling to the level of drinking water. To remove large particles from it, strainers or filter flasks are sufficient. Usually, a hard water filter is installed on the cold water and hot water supply pipe. The resulting water can be used for taking water procedures, washing, washing the floor. The kitchen can be additionally equipped with a multi-stage fine cleaning system with or without reverse osmosis.

Most often, such a filter is mounted under the kitchen sink, on the surface of which an additional faucet is displayed (if you need to cook food, water is taken from it, if not - from ordinary faucets located nearby). In addition, fine filters are able to protect plumbing and household appliances from excessively hard water.

Residents of apartment buildings often find that the water entering their apartment contains impurities. This is due to the state of urban networks, which are significantly worn out.

Water purified at the station, passing through pipes, is contaminated with particles of limescale and rust. To protect yourself from such debris, you need to install a coarse water filter.

A similar product consists of a body and a metal mesh. The body can be polypropylene or metal. It is the mesh that retains impurities, purifying the water from the particles contained in it. Its cells are small enough - their size varies from 20 to 500 microns.

Coarse water filters for apartments there are several varieties:

reticulate;
with cartridge;
pressure head high-speed.

The mesh device is equipped with mesh with fine meshes... Such devices are of non-flush and self-flush types.

Non-washing devices should be regularly disassembled and cleaned. To do this, shut off the water in the apartment, disassemble the filter, clean it and then reassemble it.

Self-cleaning devices such a procedure is not required. They have an automatic cleaning function. They are equipped with a drainage pipe that receives water with debris in it after self-cleaning.

Cartridge-type devices have cartridge capable of retaining dirt particles as small as 0.5 microns... In addition, it prevents substances with a fibrous structure from penetrating into the apartment. If the filter has a transparent flask, then it is designed to filter cold water, and if its body is made of stainless steel, then the device is mounted on a hot line.

The pressure-type apparatus has a container made of metal, resistant to corrosion.... There is a filter material inside it. It is able to purify water with impurities of different structures. At the top of the device there is an automatic block with a regulation function.

Purpose and principle of operation

Since the state of utilities is often deplorable, the water entering the apartment contains rust and other impurities that have a detrimental effect on the condition of the plumbing. The filter allows you to avoid rapid wear of seals in sanitary ware, which are seriously affected by dirt in the water.

It is known that rusty water can lead to breakdown of metering devices, which will entail quite impressive expenses. Therefore, it makes sense to install a similar unit in your home.

Especially dirty water is dangerous for water heaters, dishwashers and washing machines ... And ordinary cranes are quickly clogged with debris, which leads to their breakdown. There is only one way out - installation of the filter.

The principle of its functioning is simple - water passes through a mesh or other filtering structure, trapping the solid elements in it.

Advantages and disadvantages

This unit has its pros and cons. In terms of benefits, the following are worth mentioning:

simple construction;
ease of maintenance: this does not require special skills and special equipment;
the ability to cleanse and fully restore performance;
low price for components;
low cost of the device itself;
environmental friendliness: the composition does not contain cartridges made of synthetic materials that need to be replaced regularly.

This filter also has disadvantages:

the ability to retain only rather large particles of dirt, in contrast to the unit designed for fine cleaning;
cleansing only from mechanical impurities, and biological and chemical substances stay in the water.

Therefore, those who wish to receive perfectly purified water for drinking and cooking will need to additionally use a household filter that removes the remaining unwanted impurities from the liquid.

When choosing a coarse cleaning device for an apartment, you need to pay attention to the following:

On sale you can find mesh filters that have pressure control valve and pressure gauge... They allow you to protect household appliances from water pressure drops, as well as track the pressure indicators in the pipeline.
Mesh devices are the most common since they are inexpensive, they are able to operate for a long time without replacing the filter elements. We can say that this is the most budgetary option.
For small pipes, it is better choose filters of threaded type... They are screwed directly onto the pipe or connected to it with union nuts - "American".
By the location of the sump, the devices are divided into oblique and straight... For straight units, it is perpendicular to the water flow and looks down. In oblique filters, the sump is located at an angle to the direction of the water flow. Such products should be purchased when the pipe is located very close to the floor, in a word, where there is little free space.

Device installation steps

It is quite possible to cope with the installation of a mechanical filter for water purification in an apartment on your own. The installation procedure is carried out in several stages:

First you need turn off the water supply to the apartment and install the device.
If it is perpendicular, then it is advisable to mount it with the lid down. Then large impurities will accumulate in special nets. Oblique devices are best placed vertically.
After that you need flush the mounted filter... To do this, you need to open the drain valves, which are located at the bottom of the device.
Then most of the water will leave the unit, and a small part of it will enter the plastic glasses located in the upper compartment. Rotors are installed inside them, forcing the water flow to rotate.

Due to this, the speed of the water entering the mesh will increase dramatically, and all the impurities in it will remain in the filter.

Then the drain valves must be closed and the unit returned to working condition ... Typically, it takes 30 seconds to clear the mesh. However, depending on the operating conditions, this time may increase. As soon as the device is rinsed, you can start using it.

Thanks to the timely installation of such a device in an apartment, it is possible not only to clean the water from rust particles and other impurities, but also to significantly extend the life of all plumbing fixtures, which is very important, because they are not cheap. So the cost of buying a filter will certainly pay off.

Water entering an apartment or house from a well or a water supply system contains a lot of various substances: chemical, biological and mechanical.

Filters for coarse cleaning are used to purify water from its largest fractions - mechanical impurities. Currently, such devices are installed at the entrance to an apartment or house, behind shut-off equipment, or in front of meters.

Let's consider the main types of coarse water filters for installation in front of the meter, their features and principle of operation.

Reticulate

It occurs most often, it is characterized by long-term operation without replacing the working part, which in such installations is a mesh with rather small cells - in the range of 20-500 microns.

These devices can be divided into subspecies:

backwash filter(clogged cells are cleared of debris particles automatically, and the case does not need to be disassembled).
filter without flushing(in other words, mud collectors, cleaning takes place only after complete disassembly).

According to the method of fastening, it can be threaded, flanged or coupling. By the location of the sump - straight or oblique.

This product, intended for the purification of industrial or domestic cold water, is equipped with a transparent case for visual inspection of the state of the mesh. For hot water, the body has a metal design, as it tolerates high temperatures better.

Cartridge (cartridge)

In such a device, the filter material is replaceable cartridges that are placed in a flask-body made of plastic or metal. They trap particles sized 0.5 to 30 microns, and need periodic replacement of such cartridges.

Cartridge filters in front of the water meter are used where particles are very small and cannot be retained by the mesh. They are installed, as a rule, on small streams... If the flow is stronger, the device will be larger in size and price.

A feature of this variety is that work items can be used to remove not only mechanical fraction, but also impurities... Thus, using a cartridge impregnated with carbon, chlorine can be removed. The model of the hosiery type copes with cleaning from viscous clay and mud with algae.

The principle of operation, what are they for?

Water in urban networks, before being supplied to consumers, is undoubtedly subjected to different degrees of purification. But utilities, along with water pipes, are almost always badly worn out, and the flow of water carries away rust, scale, debris and limescale from pipes.

Household food water purification devices solve the problem in a very one-sided way. Small particles have pronounced abrasive action, and, thanks to this, the seals of plumbing devices wear out quickly, Appliances but most of all.

The only way to get rid of this problem is to install a coarse filter. The principle of operation is the passage of water through a fine mesh or other structure in which suspended solids are trapped... After that, the water can be subjected to more fine purification.

Considering the quality and composition of the water coming from the tap, it is undesirable to eat it without preliminary purification. , find out in the next article.

The correct choice of a cleaning system is a guarantee of the safety of the inhabitants of the summer cottage. Manufacturers are currently offering different variants filters from,.

System connection

Installation of filters is due to certain installation rules. If the plumbing plastic, copper or stainless steel, then the filter is placed immediately behind the valve, but if it is old steel pipes, then the CSF is installed directly in front of the water meter. The availability of free space is taken into account, based on the size of the product, the possibility of maintenance and visual control.

First of all, a tap is made from the common "thread", and a tap is installed in front of the device to turn off the water in case of disassembly and cleaning of the device. The filter is installed using an adjustable wrench. It is advisable to place the perpendicular filter with the sump downwards; it is better to place oblique filters vertically.

It is imperative to match the direction of water flow with the arrow of this direction on the device.

A sealant is wound onto the thread and the water meter filter is screwed onto the pipe careful movements of the key.

Everyone will be able to install the device in front of the counter, since this process is not laborious and not complicated. Much more important choose the right treatment equipment... On this issue, it is wiser to seek advice from specialists, since the safety of meters and household appliances depends on the quality of the installation.