Black bugs on viburnum. Black aphid on viburnum: effective methods of control. How to deal with viburnum leafworm

Viburnum is a common garden shrub with useful fruits. During flowering, the viburnum bush pleases those around with lush snow-white inflorescences and a pleasant aroma. Viburnum attracts pests with young leaves and fruits. To save the plant, you need to know how to deal with caterpillars on viburnum and when to start protection measures.

The viburnum bush was chosen by several types of insect pests. Their caterpillars actively eat the plant, which can even lead to its death. The most common pests include the following insects:

The viburnum leaf beetle is a small brown beetle with a body size of about 7 mm. It lays a clutch of eggs from autumn or in early spring under the bark of a shrub or with reverse side sheet. At the end of spring, black caterpillars appear on viburnum - beetle larvae. They have a good appetite and are able to turn the leaves of the plant into "skeletons", leaving only veins. Then the caterpillars pupate and adult leaf beetles appear, which continue to feed on the remaining greenery and viburnum fruits.
Lobed moth - a green caterpillar of the butterfly of the same name, feeds on viburnum flowers. The main activity is observed from May to July. Over the summer, these caterpillars can often be found on viburnum buldenezh - one of the most beautifully flowering shrubs. Destroyed inflorescences lead to crop loss.
Honeysuckle sawfly - small greenish caterpillars with a bright orange head and a variegated pattern on the back prefer to feed on the tender viburnum foliage. Larvae appear at the end of spring, when the shrub is covered with young greenery.

Kalina is eaten by caterpillars throughout the warm season. Optimal weather and lead to mass reproduction of pests. The larvae eat inflorescences and tender young greens. After the caterpillars on the viburnum have eaten all the leaves, they pupate and turn into adults. Adult insects can eat fruits, affecting all stages of growth and development of viburnum.

A bush damaged by pests stops its growth and may not bloom the next season. V advanced cases insects destroy the plant completely. To prevent this from happening, you need to start the fight against caterpillars on viburnum in time.

Fighting methods

To get rid of the invasion of the main enemies of the bush with the help of improvised means, a number of measures should be taken:

in autumn and spring, inspect viburnum leaves for the presence of laying eggs of the leaf beetle, if any are found, cut the leaves with a pruner and destroy;
in order to get rid of the sawfly larvae, which lays eggs in the upper layers of the earth, it is necessary to dig up the soil around the bush in the fall, and in early spring cover it with sheets of roofing material to prevent their appearance on the surface of the earth;
treating the viburnum trunk with slaked lime or tar will not allow insects to get to the foliage from the upper layers of the soil;
at the initial stage of the appearance of pests, they can be collected by hand, dropping from the leaves with a brush or broom.

Chemicals

The use of special purchased products helps to quickly and effectively get rid of caterpillars on viburnum. The most popular methods using solutions are as follows:

The first treatment of the plant occurs in the spring at the time of bud swelling. Spraying the buds and buds with a 10% solution of Karbofos (100 g of the substance per 10 liters of water) or 0.1% Fufanon will get rid of the moth larvae that eat the inflorescences.
Immediately after flowering, the viburnum bush can be treated with a 0.15% solution of Rogor's preparation. This will save the foliage from the invasion of leaf beetle caterpillars.
With a large number of pests, spraying viburnum with a solution of Aktara and Eleksara at a concentration of 0.08% will help.

During the processing of horticultural crops chemicals protective gloves and a respirator should be used. The container and sprayer must be used only for their intended purpose and stored in non-residential premises.

Processing shrubs at the earliest stage of growth will help prevent the mass reproduction of pests and their spread throughout the plant.

Folk ways

Viburnum bush can be processed using folk remedies. They are safe for the plant, but are effective against caterpillars. During the growing season, it is useful to spray viburnum branches with various infusions:

tomato tops in the amount of 4 kg pour 10 liters of water and let it brew for a day (you can use 1 kg of dried tops);
Cut 1 kg of hot pepper into small pieces and add a bucket of water;
dried pharmacy chamomile, infused in water in a ratio of 1 kg per 10 liters;
Stir 200 g of onion peel or the same amount of chopped garlic in a bucket of water and leave for several hours to infuse;
Bring 1 kg of dried wormwood to a boil in a bucket of water and cool, then you can spray the leaves and inflorescences;
Infuse 200 grams of tobacco or tobacco waste for a day in water, spray viburnum with the resulting infusion.

Each method can be used at any time of the season, and even as a preventive measure, spray healthy viburnum bushes and neighboring plants. It is recommended to process twice a season: at the end of spring and in the middle of summer. If necessary, processing is carried out once a month. The smell of these infusions and the very content of specific products in the water will scare away any pests from the garden. Despite the effectiveness against insects, treatment with folk remedies is safe for people, birds, and pets.

Kalina is valued and revered in Russia, it has a rich history and, along with birch and mountain ash, is considered a native Russian culture. Since ancient times, viburnum has been grown near houses, planted in courtyards. It was believed that she had a magical property to drive away evil spirits and demons. For the same reason, viburnum has always been a welcome guest at wedding ceremonies, celebrations associated with the birth of children and other festivities. Viburnum fruits were used to decorate dwellings, weave wreaths, use them to treat a variety of ailments, and even bake pies with them, which they called viburnums. In general, viburnum was valued in Russia, and even to this day its fruits and seedlings are in considerable demand. Currently, viburnum is grown both in amateur plantations and on an industrial scale, although, of course, it is still far from the scale of cultivation of viburnum to such crops as strawberries and black currants.

Jan Mehlich

Description of viburnum

In terms of biology, viburnum is a very entertaining culture, take at least a family: initially, botanists assigned for viburnum, according to a number of morphological features, the Honeysuckle family, although it is worth looking at honeysuckle and viburnum so that everyone is surprised: they have absolutely nothing in common. At the beginning of the 21st century, the viburnum was transferred to another family - the Adox, but from there the viburnum, after long disputes and trials, it was decided to exclude. Now the viburnum has been isolated in an independent family - the Kalinovs, and now its status will, apparently, be unchanged.

Viburnum is widespread almost everywhere, it especially likes to occupy moist soils, not far from rivers, marshes, it grows in open areas and often overgrows with overgrown shoots so that the yield from each bush does not exceed a kilogram and it is located, sometimes, very high. Berries of wild viburnum hang on shoots for a long time and burn like rubies, which attracts birds, especially waxwings, which spread this shrub, "sowing" seeds.

Of all the variety of viburnum species, the exact number of which has not yet been named, only viburnum vulgaris or Red viburnum (Viburnum opulus). This species is considered by some to be a shrub, others a low tree, but biologically the common viburnum is closer to a shrub.

The leaf blades of this species are opposite, less often whorled, the plant is deciduous. The inflorescences of common viburnum are umbellate-corymbose, consist of a number of asexual, large flowers that bloom a day or two before the rest in the inflorescence open and serve solely to attract insects. Kalina is almost completely self-fertile, pollen of other varieties is needed for pollination, but the pollen itself is so small and light that it is sometimes carried by the wind for kilometers, so often even a lonely bush of viburnum in the middle of the steppe is strewn with fruits.

By the way, about the fruits of viburnum, these are drupes, bright red in color, becoming soft as they ripen, with an abundance of juice and almost imperceptible pulp. The taste, even in modern varieties of viburnum, is quite bitter, so the berries are usually frozen before use, which somewhat reduces bitterness. Inside each berry there is a very large, flat seed, sometimes occupying by weight up to a third of the weight of the berry.

Kalina is a real long-liver, on good nutritious soil, in a lit place, with a caring owner, she can live for decades. Officially, its productive age is limited to 30 years, but if the viburnum is rejuvenated by cutting all shoots to a stump, then it can be doubled.

How to care for viburnum?

Spring viburnum care

As soon as the snow melts, which usually happens at the very end of March or the beginning of April, it is necessary to clean the bite zone from possible debris, fallen leaves, dry branches and loosen it to prevent the formation of a soil crust. A week later, viburnum can be treated with urea by preparing a 5% solution. This treatment will play the role of the first, in this case, foliar, top dressing with nitrogen fertilizers in the season and will serve as a preventive measure against both pests and diseases.

Approximately in the middle of May, it is necessary to loosen the soil in the bite zone again, pour a tablespoon of nitroammophoska (a good complex fertilizer) under each viburnum bush, and then pour two buckets of water under each bush over five years old, and a bucket under a younger one, and mulch the soil surface with peat or humus, a layer of a couple of centimeters.

Summer viburnum care

Immediately after flowering, it is necessary to make another top dressing according to the same “scenario”: we loosen, bring in, water, mulch. This time, it is more appropriate to use superphosphate and potassium salt as a fertilizer: a teaspoon of both under each bush. Viburnum also responds well to the introduction of wood ash - a good source of potassium. Organics are also appropriate, especially humus 1-2 kg for each bush.

V summer period do not forget about watering viburnum, they must be carried out every 4-5 days if it is drought and very hot. During the formation of ovaries, fruit growth, moisture is almost more important for viburnum than fertilizers. Under bushes aged 5-6 years and older, you need to pour 2-3 buckets, under younger plants - half as much. After watering, be sure to mulch the soil, cover the moisture, this will prevent it from evaporating quickly. Remember: in the case of viburnum, the harvest depends on two factors - pollination and sufficient moisture.

Naturally, it is necessary to continue the fight against weeds, especially in the near-growth zone of young plants.

Henryk

Care for viburnum in the fall

In early autumn, usually the end of August and the beginning of September, viburnum fruits ripen. It is advisable to collect them after waiting for the full ripening of all the berries in the inflorescence. It is very simple to understand that they are ripe: when pressed, a ripe berry releases scarlet juice, while unripe berries often release light juice, and it is quite difficult to squeeze them to such a state, since they are hard. collect viburnum ahead of time justified only if you need to transport the crop over a long distance; if you immediately put the berries for processing, then it is better to collect them fully ripened. It has been noticed, however, that viburnum berries “reach”, that is, they ripen when picked ahead of time, but this only applies to berries that are completely colored and begin to soften, but if they are picked even earlier, when the barrels of berries on the north side are still greenish, then wait their full maturation at home will not work.

After harvesting viburnum, which is most convenient to pick with whole brushes, and when one person can easily collect up to a hundred kilograms per day, which is equal to a harvest from about ten bushes, the plants need to be fed again. Remember that in autumn, in no case should nitrogen fertilizers be used, they can activate the growth of viburnum shoots and they will freeze out before they have time to become woody and prepare for winter. In autumn, you can use superphosphate and potassium salt in the amount of 15-20 grams for each bush.

Viburnum does not need any additional protection for the winter, it winters excellently and extremely rarely only some parts of young growths can be seized by frost.

How and when to prune viburnum?

Pruning is important in caring for viburnum, if it is not done, the bush will thicken greatly, the shoots will begin to compete with each other, rushing up, which will lead to an increase in the height of the bush, a decrease in the total yield and difficulty in picking those berries that can form.

It is advisable to trim the viburnum as soon as the snow settles, but the snow does not completely melt. Usually this is the end of February and the first week of March. First you need to cut out all the broken shoots (of which there are usually a lot after harvest), remove all dry growths that are too thin (thinner than a simple pencil), fattening (very thick young growths with wide internodes, which usually do not bear fruit) and those that grow deep into the crown.

In general, viburnum pruning does not have any clear rules, like, say, an apple tree. You need to approach each plant individually, trying to reduce its growth by trimming to a side branch that runs outside the crown. For example, if the shoot is long, 2-2.5 meters high and has a number of branches, then it is quite possible to shorten it just by one of the branches at a height of about 1.5 meters. What will we get? Viburnum bush with a spreading crown, low, not thickened, from which it is very convenient to harvest.

After ten years, you can carry out a cardinal pruning of the viburnum, cut off all the shoots near the ground at a height of 10-15 cm, leaving some of the growths with a pair of buds. Over time, new shoots will begin to actively grow from them and the viburnum bush will be updated. You will only need to choose 5-6 pieces (no more) from them and cut them off to the side branch as soon as they reach a height of one and a half meters.

After pruning viburnum, do not forget to isolate all cut points with garden pitch.

CLARA

Diseases and pests of viburnum

What is sick viburnum?

In general, viburnum rarely gets sick, but it happens, especially in individual years when a particular disease suddenly manifests itself in a particularly strong degree.

In wet years, with an abundance of heat, in dense stands, where no pruning is carried out, outbreaks are frequent. powdery mildew. This is a fungal infection that appears as a whitish coating on viburnum leaf blades, which turns brown over time (when they ripen and scatter into different sides disputes). Powdery growth, developing, leads to drying out and death of leaf blades, therefore, photosynthesis processes are disrupted, and the yield is reduced.

You can fight powdery mildew on viburnum by treating with colloidal sulfur in the amount of 50 g per 10 liters of water, the consumption rate of the drug is about a liter for each plant. Preparations that are called fungicides, for example, Skor, Topaz and many others, will also help to cope with powdery mildew.

Ascochitous spotting, - it appears on viburnum leaves in the form of angular spots or specks of a rounded shape, grayish in color, with a purple or brown border. Over time, in the place where the spots were, foci of dead tissue appear, which lead to the death of the entire leaf blade.

To prevent the recurrence of the disease, it is imperative to collect and destroy fallen leaves. They help viburnum to cope with the disease of treatment with XOM or 2% Bordeaux mixture.

Often, especially when the summer period is characterized by low temperatures and an abundance of precipitation, viburnum appears on leaf blades. gray rot. Signs of this disease are brown, shapeless spots on viburnum leaves, which grow over time, sometimes covering most of the leaf. The leaf tissue in place of these spots dries up and falls out, the berries can also be affected by gray rot, while they become covered with a brown coating and rot.

To exclude the appearance of gray rot on viburnum, it is necessary to abandon watering if it rains, do not thicken the plants, carry out sanitary cleaning of the crown, always collect all the fruits from the bushes and remove foliage and plant debris in the bite zone. Treatment with any fungicides helps.

Klaas Dijkstra

Who harms viburnum?

Viburnum also has pests, many of them do not cause serious harm to the plant, but if they are strongly distributed, they can leave the gardener without a crop.

In shady areas, in thickened plantations, viburnum is sometimes damaged viburnum leaf beetle. This is a light brown beetle, reaching a length of 7 mm. Its larvae are harmful, which actively eat viburnum leaf blades, sometimes “carrying away” so much that only veins remain from them. Control measures consist in treating leaf beetle caterpillars with insecticides such as Fufanon, strictly following the instructions on the package.

Aphid- this insect is perhaps most often seen on viburnum plants. Ants usually carry aphids, feeding on its sticky, sweet secretions. To get rid of aphids, you must first get rid of ants. It is much easier to overcome aphids by treating plants with any insecticides.

And remember: the aphid only seems harmless, in fact, it harms the crop, twists the leaves, destroys young growths and can be a carrier of various diseases, including viral ones.

leaf roller- usually it is an olive-colored caterpillar. The caterpillar eats with pleasure the pulp of viburnum buds, the tissue of leaf blades, and when sated, it twists the leaves and fits into them, turning into a cocoon. In addition to the understandable harm, which consists in reducing the yield, caterpillars also spoil the appearance of plants.

You can fight the leaf roller on viburnum by collecting and destroying caterpillars and twisted leaves with cocoons. If the number of caterpillars is large, then it is necessary to use insecticides, for example, Nitrafen and the like. It is possible to treat plants with them effectively before flowering, 2-3 times.

gall midges- honeysuckle and viburnum gall midges can damage viburnum. The larvae actively eat the buds, which drastically reduces the viburnum yield.

As a preventive measure, it is necessary to loosen the soil of the bite zone in early spring and late autumn and remove all plant debris. You can also fight with chemical means, treating plants with any insecticidal preparations.

How to deal with caterpillars on viburnum, there are several methods - folk remedies, chemicals. Which method to choose is an individual decision, but it is necessary to take into account the flowering period of the plant. It is allowed to use insecticides long before flowering or after the flowers have fallen. In the presence of peduncles, it is recommended to use folk remedies.

Viburnum pests

A woody plant is attacked by many pests - among them are aphids, leaf beetles, leafworms, honeysuckle thorny sawfly, viburnum gall midge, and green moth. Adults are not so much dangerous as their larvae.

On a note!

Caterpillars on viburnum bulldenezh, with a large number, can destroy the plant, because in a short time they leave it completely without leaves, making it impossible to bloom.

Fight with folk remedies

The situation when the caterpillars on the viburnum ate all the leaves can happen if nothing is done to destroy the pests. You need to constantly monitor the condition of the shrub, since the caterpillars appear in large numbers, have an excellent appetite, grow quickly, and multiply.

wood ash:

You can treat viburnum from caterpillars with a solution. Wood ash, a little laundry soap are added to room temperature water. The last ingredient helps the ash stay on the leaves longer. Ash in contact with the body of the caterpillar causes irritation. Thus, it makes them crawl to safer places, stops wrecking.
Another option is watering with a hot ash solution. It is recommended to resort to this method of dealing with caterpillars and other pests in early spring or late autumn. They dig up the earth around the woody plant, pour hot ash solution. The active components of the ash enter the juice of the plant, change its taste, adding bitterness. Such food repels larvae, protects viburnum from caterpillars.
Wood ash is sprinkled around the viburnum, the trunk of the bush is coated at a height of 1.5 m from the surface of the earth with a solution of lime and chalk. For they tie sticky belts that prevent caterpillars from getting on a bush or from a crown into the soil.

Tobacco dust or ashes from cigarettes are poured with water, insisted for 4 hours, laundry soap is added. Filter, pour into a household spray bottle. Spray viburnum, paying special attention to the bottom of the leaf.
Tobacco is planted in close proximity to viburnum. A living plant will serve as a reliable protection against many pests, their larvae - caterpillars.
Sprinkle paths of tobacco dust around the viburnum. The remedy is effective until it rains. Use the method in dry weather.

Pour garlic cloves with water, insist for a day. The concentration does not play a special role, but the more cloves, the richer the tincture turns out. You can get rid of caterpillars on viburnum by spraying. The procedure should be carried out early in the morning or in the evening. Before using garlic tincture, pre-add soapy water.
Arrows of garlic are tied around the trunk in the form of a belt. Folk remedy repels caterpillars with a persistent smell.
Rub the bark of viburnum with a clove of garlic every other day.

If caterpillars eat viburnum, they knock down pests with water pressure. If it is possible to bring the hose to the plant, you can get rid of caterpillars on viburnum in a few procedures. Additionally, you need to treat the trunk of the shrub with a fragrant agent so that the pests do not climb back onto the crown.
Add ammonia to the water. Young trees are watered with the solution. Protection acts quickly, but not for long, because the smell disappears instantly. The procedure can be repeated after 7 days.
Mixed in equal proportions baking soda, salt, pour water, add laundry soap. Spray viburnum twice a week.

The fight against caterpillars on viburnum is carried out with the help of red, black pepper, mustard. Mix in equal proportions, add water, soap. Spray viburnum with a household spray bottle.
Cinnamon is sprinkled around the trunk, a solution is prepared, and the bush is treated.

On a note!
Folk remedies are effective either with a small infection of the plant, or with systematic use. If time does not allow, there is no patience, it is better to use special preparations. The main requirement is to strictly follow the instructions.

Professional preparations

It is allowed to apply in early spring, even before the foliage blooms, or when the process has just begun. It is forbidden to use chemicals during flowering, because the poison kills bees, interferes with pollination, and reduces yields. Do not use insecticide 20 days before picking berries.

Work should be carried out in personal protective equipment - gloves, a respirator. Spraying is carried out using a household spray gun. The jet must be directed in the opposite direction from itself.

The action lasts for about 30 days. The poison enters the body of the caterpillar by contact or during feeding. The effect is noticeable a few days after the treatment of viburnum.

Effective drugs:

Aktar;
Actellik;
Karbofos;
Fufanon;
Decis.

A separate group of drugs includes biological products that act for 10 days and remain effective for about 2 weeks. Active ingredients are not dangerous for plants, humans, they kill caterpillars, gradually disrupting their natural processes in the body. Effective biological products - Fitosporin, Iskra bio, Aktofit, Fitoverm.

Viburnum pests

1. Viburnum leaf beetle ( Galerucella viburni Payk).

A light brown beetle up to 6 mm long in August lays eggs (up to 700 pieces!) In depressions made on young shoots. The shoots dry up, but clutches successfully overwinter in them. At the beginning of May, the larvae emerge from the eggs and immediately begin to intensively feed on young leaves and shoots. In early June, they go into the soil to pupate. In July, beetles appear, eating huge holes in the leaves. With a larger number of leaf beetles do not disdain berries and shoots.

Measures to combat viburnum leaf beetle

Autumn and spring pruning of dried and damaged shoots, removal of leaves with leaf beetle larvae.

Spring treatment before the leaves bloom and in August during the release of leaf beetles with one of the preparations according to the instructions: " Fufanon", "Karbofos", "Actellik", "Aktara". Double processing " Intavir with an interval of 7-10 days.

2. Viburnum aphid ( Aphis viburni Scop.)

Black viburnum aphid-leafroller is a small insect up to 7 mm long. From overwintering eggs, larvae appear when the leaves open. They actively reproduce, feeding on the juice of the plant. The leaves curl, deform and dry out.

Measures to combat viburnum aphids

The first treatment - before bud break - will help to significantly reduce the number of overwintered eggs, so it is better not to postpone it. Alternate drugs: Arrivo, Fury, Fufan (aka Fufanon) and Karbafos. Biological preparations can also be used: "Fitoverm", "Akarin" ("Agravertin KE", "Aversectin"), Iskra", "Intavir". They quickly decompose and do not cause addiction in aphids.

3. Other pests of viburnum

The viburnum moth and the comma-shaped scutellum strongly affect the viburnum. To combat them in May, the plant is treated with "Karbofos" (90 g / 10 l of water), and in August they are sprayed " Fufanon" or " Spark".

Viburnum diseases

Into the cold rainy weather young shoots are affected by various fungal diseases: gray rot, phyllostic blotch, fruit rot, powdery mildew.

In wet weather, spots appear on the leaves, a plaque of sporulation of fungi. Plant growth slows down, tissue transpiration worsens, young shoots dry out, severely damaged leaves fall off ahead of time. The plant is poorly prepared for winter, has a "pathetic" appearance, and yields are reduced. The infection persists in plant debris.

How to deal with viburnum diseases

To prevent diseases such as spotting and powdery mildew, viburnum must be treated with tobacco, garlic or onion infusion throughout the season. Do not forget to remove plant debris, thin out the bushes, carry out sanitary pruning.

In case of severe damage by rot, before blooming leaves and after flowering, the bushes are treated with a Bordeaux mixture or preparations "Hom", "Abiga-Peak".

Kalina is a very popular horticultural crop in our area. This shrub has won the love of gardeners as its beautiful decorative appearance, and extremely healthy and tasty fruits that are rich in vitamins and other substances beneficial to health. At the same time, caring for viburnum is quite simple. However, like other garden plants, it is subject to attacks by various pests that must be dealt with in a timely manner.

How to process viburnum

Viburnum pests are quite common and one of the most common pests that infect viburnum bushes is black viburnum aphid. It is a dark brown or brown insect. The aphid lays its larvae on viburnum leaves, as a result of which the leaves curl and dry out, as the larvae drink all the juice from them. You can fight this pest with the help of special preparations, as well as infusions of pepper, celandine or a solution of laundry soap. Ladybugs also help a lot in the fight against aphids.

Viburnum berry in the photo

This article has helped many gardeners stop overworking on their plot and at the same time get a generous harvest.

I would never have thought that in order to get the best harvest on your personal plot for all my “cottage career”, I just need to stop overworking myself in the beds and trust nature. For as long as I can remember, every summer I spent in the country. First on the parent, and then my husband and I bought our own. From early spring to late autumn all free time was spent on planting, weeding, tying, pruning, watering, harvesting and, finally, conservation and trying to keep the crop until next year. And so in a circle...

Processing viburnum from pests in the spring

Another common pest of viburnum is a small beetle - viburnum leaf beetle. Their size is only 5-7 mm, but they multiply quickly enough and are able to eat all the leaves of the bush, leaving only large veins. These pests of viburnum are quite dangerous, since the plant damaged by them will not bloom next year. You can fight them by spraying with karbofos, if this is done before flowering, tincture of pepper or pharmacy chamomile, if spraying is done at a later period.

Kalina diseases and pests

There are other viburnum pests that are not so common, but also quite common.